Amaziko microfinance - ntoni na? Imisebenzi zamaziko microfinance

Kwiimfuno nabameli boluntu namhlanje badla zifuna iindleko ezibambekayo kunye notyalo. Kakade ke, asizizo zonke inqanaba ingeniso mmi eliphezulu ngokwaneleyo ukuze ugqume zonke iimfuno ngaphandle izibonelelo ezongezelelweyo. Kulo mzekelo, kwaye kukho amaziko microfinance actual. Ezi nkampani yenza mboleko elula fast.

Yintoni kufuneka kuqondwe ngamaziko microfinance

Kukho izakhiwo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, injongo leyo ukuphunyezwa kwiintengiselwano zezimali ezahlukeneyo. Kunikezelo ngetyala okanye mboleko - ngomnye weyona misebenzi eqhelekileyo eenkampani. Ukuphendula lo mbuzo, "umbutho microfinance - yintoni" kubalulekile ukuqaphela into kulandelayo: imisebenzi kumaziko enjalo phantse efanayo ngokupheleleyo zebhanki. Umahluko kuxhomekeke kwinkqubo yolawulo imithetho ukusebenza kunye nemimiselo ezisekelwe apho iinkampani baqhube loo kunikezelo ndlela.

Enyanisweni, microfinance ijolise ekunikezeleni ngeenkonzo ezahlukeneyo ezifanelekayo osomashishini kuvula ishishini labo, nangenxa umntu avareji esitratweni. Inzuzo eenkampani kukuba bakwazi ukukhupha imali ngaphandle imbali yekhredithi, yaye iindibano ezininzi ezenzekayo kwiibhanki. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuze ufumane imali lula ngakumbi kumaziko microfinance. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ubunyani ilandelayo: kwimisebenzi yemibutho enjalo inkxaso ngurhulumente, nto leyo iba nefuthe ngqo kwinqanaba trust kuzo. Ngoko ke, abo ngokuzibuza imibuzo malunga nokuba MFIs zithembekile, yintoni na nokuba ingaba kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa ezi nkonzo, ungenza isicelo ngokukhuselekileyo ezi zakhiwo ngenxa yokuba ezisemthethweni ngokupheleleyo.

Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi malunga ukuthembeka

Enye yeendlela eziphambili ukuze abone enoba okanye ukuba athembele inkampani ethile, ukwenza micro-mboleko - ukuba bajonge uluhlu kwimibutho yabucala. Ungakwenza oku ngokusebenzisa iinkonzo arhente yokulinganisela, umzekelo, isitshixo i "Expert RA". Ezo nkcukacha ziya kunceda ukufumanisa ukuba yintoni na inkampani ukholo elungileyo ukuzalisekisa iimfanelo zalo ngoku zemali.

Ixabiso olu vavanyo ukuba uzimele kwaye, ngenxa yoko, eyona njongo yaye ngenxa yoko, ibonisa imeko yokwenene. Ngoko ke, musa singayikhathaleli rating ngamnye iinkampani ezisebenza kule micro-mboleko format.

Yintoni ekufuneka uyazi ukuba townsfolk

Kuqala kwinto zonke, zonke inkampani yeyela kudidi lemibutho microfinance, Kuya kutshatwa kwiRejista State. Ukuze ubone enoba kukho into yobhaliso, oko kuyimfuneko ukundwendwela kwiwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-Bank of Russia, apho data zifumaneka simahla. Ngaphezu koko, loo nto buhlungu ukuba ahlawule utyelelo kwi-ofisi ye MFI elithile ngayo. Ukuba kufuneka abekwe isatifikethi sobhaliso kwiRejista State.

ulwazi olubalulekileyo malunga izibophelelo ezikhoyo

Eneneni, nayiphi na imibutho microfinance karhulumente kunye neenkampani zabucala kufuneka izibophelelo ezithile umthengi:

• MFI ngayinye kufuneka isebenzise xa kukhutshwa mboleko luhlobo tabular yesivumelwano lingatshintshanga.
• Nayiphi na inkampani isinyanzelo ukubhengeza kubaxumi bayo iindleko ezipheleleyo oyinikiweyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ummi ngamnye unelungelo lokwazi ukuba ipesenti kuya kufuneka ahlawule lonke ixesha lokuvuthwa. Olu lwazi kuluncedo kakhulu xa ukhetha isindululo eziphathekayo. Enye into ebalulekileyo kukuba ngexesha kokusayina isivumelwano, umzekelo, ngetyala yabathengi, ixabiso ogcweleyo ayikwazi ngaphezulu ixabiso ebalwe yi-Bank of Russia, ngaphezu kokuba wesithathu.
• Isizathu ukwethemba MFI ethile iba ngakumbi kakhulu ukuba kwenye self-regulatory imibutho (ulwazi lobulungu idla kwi website esemthethweni ye nkampani).
• MFI nganye kufuneka ukunika abathengi ngexesha layo ukugqiba (iintsuku ezi-5).

Ngaphandle umbuzo "microfinance lombutho -? Yintoni na", Kuluncedo ukuqonda undoqo a microloan. Enyanisweni, yinto-mboleko ukuba ayidluli kwesigidi esi-1. Engange. Fumana inani elifanayo kwi ngokwemiqathango ngetyala na amaqumrhu asemthethweni, oosomashishini ngamnye kunye nabantu.

iintlobo microloans

Zonke iimali-mboleko leyo enika MFI lungahlulwa-hlulwa zibe iintlobo eziliqela. Kufuneka uqale microloan yabathengi. It yenzelwe abantu abafuna isixa esithile yokugubungela iimfuno zabo. mboleko Ubuninzi olu hlobo ikhutshwa kangangeenyanga ukuya ku-6, nangona kwezinye iimeko kuhlawulwe ngezavenge iminyaka emi-2.

Microloans oriented oosomashishini, ziphelela kwi-1 mln. Engange ezabelwe iinjongo ezinxulumene emnyango, ukugcina kunye nokuphuhlisa ishishini labo. elide mboleko kulo mzekelo isusela ukusuka kwiminyaka 1 ukuya ku-3. Isibambiso phantse imvume, kodwa kuyimfuneko ukwakha uluhlu olupheleleyo amaxwebhu olucelwe yi MFI.

Kukwakho micro-mboleko, eyenzelwe ixesha elifutshane kakhulu, yaye zikhutshwa kubantu. Ngoncedo yezi mali-mboleko ziyasonjululwa imiba enxulumene neendleko ezingalindelekanga, okanye, umzekelo, ukulibaziseka lomvuzo. Ezi mboleko zikhutshwa ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, kodwa ke elinemalinzalo ephezulu.

MFIs e Russia

Ke kaloku, kule ico micro-credit uye waba ngaphezu ethandwayo. Oku kungenxa izibakala ezifana iimeko stringency apho iibhanki uyavuma ukuba uboleke, yaye ukwanda kakhulu kuqoqosho emthunzini ukwanda. kubaboleki abaninzi musa cinga ngentsebenziswano efanelekileyo kunye neebhanki nibuyele kumathuba microcredit.

Ukuba uhlawula ingqalelo kumaziko microfinance eRashiya ekuqaleni yemisebenzi yabo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba iziko MFI yasekwa ngo-2010. Yiyo lo mthetho wavumela kubaboleki kunye nemibutho ngetyala ukuba lisebenze ngokusemthethweni.

Umsebenzi wokongamela MFIs kwi-Central Bank lifezekisa ngoku, isicelo kubo kuphela umgangatho 2 isitshixo: amatyala kunye capital nokwanela.

Bokuqonda ukuba ukufanele ukuba ukwazi

Ukuze ukukhusela amashishini amancinane kunye noluntu ubuqili, umthetho wawiswa ezingqongqo kumaziko abo microfinance Imisebenzi: capital lokubeleka asisakwazi njengendlela intlawulo.

amanyathelo abathengi nabo ixesha umda a. Bayakwazi ukusebenza nongxowankulu umzali kuphela apho asebenza iminyaka emi-3. Amanyathelo anjalo injongo elula enye - ukunciphisa ipesenti kwezikim yobuqhophololo. capital lokubeleka MFIs abaninzi athathwa ngokungekho mthethweni (amatyala 951). Izenzo ezinjalo mthethweni kufuneka kungabikho ndawo kwimarike zemali.

Abo kwangaphambili ukuba amaziko microfinance izakuvalwa, xa kuyimfuneko ukubeka up nesibakala esahlukileyo - ezi iinkampani ziza kuqhubeka ukusebenza.

Yintoni enye anikele MFI

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba imisebenzi kumaziko microfinance ayiphelelanga ngokubonelela ngemali-mboleko. Kaninzi, i MFI uya kunika kubemi kunye noosomashishini ithuba nokutyala imali zalo phantsi ipesenti ethile. Kodwa ngeli thuba uhlobo lotyalo-mali siya kuqwalaselwa igalelo engalunganga. Le peculiarity-mali ezinjalo kukuba zinganikezelwanga inshorensi ngurhulumente. Oko kukuthi, abaxhasi akukho siqinisekiso ngokusemthethweni ukuba utyalo-mali lwabo siya kuphila.

Ukuphendula imibuzo malunga nokuba amaziko microfinance afanelekileyo namhlanje, yintoni na kwaye kukhuseleke kangakanani na ukusebenzisa iinkonzo zabo, ungenza uqaphele ingcamango kulandelayo: akwazi ukondla kwemiqathango ngokwaneleyo obutofotofo ngetyala ngokusemthethweni inkampani enjalo. Xa sijonge le iadvanteji, asifanele silibale ngayo amaxwebhu ukuhlola ubuqhetseba kunokwenzeka ezinxulumene capital koomama.