Ziziphi iintlobo zeenkamela ezikhoyo?

Ezi zilwanyana ezingavamile azifani nabanye. Iintlanga ezininzi azicingi ngokuphila ngaphandle kweenkamela eziphakamileyo kunye ezinamandla, ezakhiwe kwiinkulungwane ezininzi ezedlulileyo. Kwamanye amazwe, intlalontle yeentsapho imiselwe inani leenkamela zeenkamela. Iphakethe yekamele ixesha elide kakhulu eMpuma lilinganiselwe umlinganiselo wesilinganiselo. Kwaye iimbali zakudala zase-Arabia, apho "iinqanawa zentlango" zibonakala ngathi, zisasazeka kwihlabathi lonke.

Abanikazi bezi zilwanyana baqinisekisa ukuba iinkamela zihlakaniphile, ziyayiqonda kakuhle umntu, kodwa elowo kubo unobuntu bakhe. Kwaye abanye banenkani nje!

Uninzi lwethu usasazi kwibhentshi yesikolo ukuba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeekamela, ezifana kunye, kodwa into ehlukile. Ziziphi iimpawu zabo eziqhelekileyo kunye nokwahlukana?

Impawu eziqhelekileyo zentsapho

Kakade, into ebonakalayo eyona nto ibonisa ukuba khona kwendawo. Ngendlela, kungenxa yesi sizathu ukuba unokuqonda ngokucacileyo uhlobo luni lwekamela. Intsapho yeenkamela idibanisa iindidi ezininzi, ezingekho ikamela, kodwa zihlobene ngokuthe ngqo kubo. Zonke ezi zilwanyana zizilwanyana. Intsapho yileli qela lezilwanyana ezinamaqabunga kunye ne-suborder of the corpent. Isakhiwo esikhethekileyo semilenze sinye yezinto eziphambili zentsapho. Zonke iikamela azinazo izikhumba (ukusebenza), kwaye umgangatho ongezantsi weenyawo ngumsila ongenayo. Kweminye imigangatho ibhanqa, abanye abayithandi.

Enye into ephawulekayo intamo ende. Kodwa eyona nto ingavamile, mhlawumbi, yinto enye yeenkamela ezingabonakali kwiso. Onke amalungu omzimba we-oerythrocytes oval, kwaye angasijikelezi, afana nazo zonke ezinye izilwanyana (kunye nabantu).

Kuyaphawuleka ukuba uninzi lwabameli bentsapho lukhulu kakhulu. Kwimeko yendalo yeenkamela, njengomthetho, kukho ukunqongophala kwamanzi, uninzi lwawo aluzange lubone amachibi nemifula ebomini babo, ngoko ke le ndlela ayiyikucaca ngokupheleleyo.

I-Alticamelus

Ezi zilwanyana, apho namhlanje iziqhekeza zee-squele zithe zajikeleza emhlabeni jikelele, ziphakathi kwabaninzi abameli be "mammoth fauna". I-genus yayiquka iintlobo ezifanayo zeenkamela, amagama abo anikwe ngamagama abaphandi (umzekelo, ikamela likaKnobloch), okanye kwindawo yokuhlala (ikamela yase-Alexandrian).

Ingqapheli, izazinzulu zanamhlanje zichonga kwiintlobo ezilishumi zeenkamela eziphelile. Zonke zazizinkulu kunamhlanje, zineentamo ezide kakhulu, ngaphandle kwento efana neirayi (kodwa ukufana kuguqulelwe kuphela). I-Altikamelus yayiqhelekile kwiCenozoic.

I-Bactrian enezihlunu ezimbini

Iintlobo zeenkamela ziyahluke nje kuphela kwinani leempembelelo, kodwa nakwizinga lomzimba. Ubukho bobuncwane bobabini yinto ebalulekileyo apho unokukwazi ukubona ukuba nguBactrian, kodwa ukuphakama nobukhulu bezilwanyana kubalulekile. Ikamela elinezimbini zikhulu kwaye zinzima kunesihlobo sayo esisodwa kunye nawo onke amalungu entsapho angamalungu omnye umzi.

Olu hlobo lobushushu obuvuthayo, kodwa i-frosts ezilinganayo ayimbi. Kodwa umswakama ophezulu kwiBactrian uyingozi. Iyenzeka kwi-Asia ephakathi kunye ne-Central, iMongolia kunye nemida engumda weChina neRashiya. Abantu baye bakhupha iintlobo ezininzi zeBactrian ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwifama njengombutho oqulunqwayo okanye ipakethe yezilwanyana. Inyama nobisi beenkamela zixabiseke kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba zihlala kwindawo ebalulekileyo kwiivenkile zelizwe ezininzi. Inomdla omkhulu ngoluboya obunzima beBactrian. Inani elikhulu leenkamela zeentlobo zifumaneka kwii-circuses kunye nee-zoos.

Haptagai

Uninzi lweemithombo zibiza kuphela iintlobo zeenkamela, njenge-single-horned and double-humped. Kodwa abaphengululi abathile banomdla wokungabikho kwi-Haptagaya kwifom ehlukile. Ngokuncediswa kwenguqu ukuthetha iziphumo zezifundo zofuzo kunye nokungafani kwangaphandle. Ukongezelela, kwanokuba ukholelwa ukuba iBactrian evela kwi-haptagaya yasendle iyabuzwa. Ngaphandle bafana. Kodwa inkamela yasendle incinci kunabameli bemveliso yasekhaya.

Ngethuba lokuqala i-subspecies yachazwa ngumhloli ophandwayo wasePrzhevalsky. Ngeli xesha lenzululwazi, inani labantu beenkamela ezimbini ezixhambileyo zazikhulu kunoko ngoku. Okwangoku, kunamakhulu ambalwa i-haptagai.

Zonke iintlobo zezifundo zezi zilwanyana zibavumela ukuba bafunde kangcono, bachonge amanyathelo aza kunceda ukulondoloza inani lemfuyo. Ukongezelela, izazinzulu zizama ukuseka isantya sobudlelwane phakathi kwezi zimbini. Mhlawumbi, ezi zizo zonke iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeenkamela, kodwa ngoku inzululwazi esemthethweni ayifumanga oku.

I-Dromden iyinqanawa yentlango

Ikamela elilodwa elixhambileyo liqhelekileyo kuMbindi Mpuma kunye neNyakatho Afrika, e-Asia Minor. Kwakhona unobungqina obukhulu kakhulu, ungathobeki, unamandla. Indoda yayifakwe kwikamela elinesibhozo elinamawaka eminyaka edlulileyo, ukususela ngoko i-dromedary iyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yomyalelo wehlabathi wabantu abaninzi. Njengomntu onamabini amabini, unenani elikhulu kwizoqoqosho.

Kwimvelo, i-dromedary ayifumaneki. Ookhokho beli silwanyana, abangazange bafumane ukuhlaselwa ekhaya, baphumela ngaphandle kwexesha lethu. Kukho iingxelo ze-dromedary zasendle, kodwa ezi zi-autochthons, kodwa izilwanyana zasendle ezazihlala kunye nendoda. Yaye loo matyala anqabile. Akusiyo umbuzo wokwahlula ama-dromedari alahlekileyo ukusuka kwindlu okanye abashiye njengezilwanyana ezahlukileyo.

Ukuthelekisa iintlobo zeenkamela, iifoto zazo ezichazwe kweli nqaku, unokwazi ukucacisa i-dromedary ngokubhekisele kwi-hump ephathekayo.

Amanye amalungu entsapho

Iikamela, i-llamas kunye ne-vicuñas yimihlathi emithathu eyenza intsapho yama-camelids. Iintlobo zesigidi zimbalwa. I-genus ye-lamas, umzekelo, inemibini kuphela: i-lamas efanele (yasekhaya) kunye ne-wild guanaco. Kwi-genus i-Viku ingena kwaye yenza intlobo enye - i-vicuña, efana ne-guanaco, kodwa inobuncinane.

Abanye abaphandi babiza ukuzalwa kwama-lamas kunye ne-vikunas iinkamela zehlabathi elitsha. Zincinci kakhulu kunamaDromedars kunye namaBactrians kwaye ayinayo i-hump.

Ubani umbhobho?

Leli gama elingavamile lidibanisa iindidi ezininzi zee-hydri ne-bactrian. Ufumene iimpawu ezivela kubazali beentlobo ezahlukileyo, njengamanye amaninzi okubhaliweyo, ahluke kwimpilo ephawulekayo, amandla okunyamezela kunye nokunyamezela kunokuba ngabazali babo. Amanqaku akwazi ukuvelisa inzala efanelekileyo, kodwa kwisizukulwana sesithathu, ngokuqhelekileyo abantu ababuthathaka bazalwa abangabaxabisi kubalimi. Amanqamlezo oMnqamlezo kunye neBactrian kunye neDromedary, ukufumana iziphumo ezilungileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ikamela elixubile lizalwa likhulu, likhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ngobukhulu xa likhulile likhulu kunekamela layo lomzali.

Ziziphi iintlobo zabahlambi beenkamela ezixubekileyo ezixhomekeke kwiinjongo. Ngosizo lokuwela, bahlala befuna ukuhlukanisa into ethile: ubude kunye nomgangatho woboya, inani elithile lomzimba, ukunyamezela. Kukho inani elikhulu lamacebo okuzalisa ikamela. Koppak, gibray, inert, kuz, kez-nar - oku akulona uluhlu olupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abahlambulukileyo abahluli kwiintlobo zezilwanyana kunye nakubanzi.

Kwinyango, le nto ayifumanekiyo kuba ikamela elinamabini kunye neelinye elilodwa linalo uluhlu oluhlukileyo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba ii-bunks zihlala zihlala zodwa, kodwa zenziwa ezimbini.