Duck Family: inkcazelo kunye namalungu entsapho

Kule nqaku, sifuna ukuthetha ngabameli bezindlu zodada, ezi ziqela elikhulu kunazo zonke phakathi kweefowuni zamanzi. Baye ngabokuqala ukuhlaliswa ngumntu endulo. Ukubaluleka kwabo kwezolimo kukhulu namhlanje.

Idada ebomini bethu

Intsapho yaseDuck ineentsholongwane ezingaphezu kwezi-150, ezizahlula zibe yiminyaka engamashumi amane. Abaphambili bezi ntaka bahlala emhlabeni kumaxesha amandulo. Kukho iziqinisekiso ezininzi kule nto. I-Archeologist ifumene iinqaba zeentaka (ukhokho wodada wamanje), oneminyaka engama-50 yezigidi ubudala.

Abameli bentsapho basabamba indima ebalulekileyo ebomini bethu, kuba bagcinwa emakhaya ukuze bahluthe, amaqanda kunye nenyama. Akukho ndlela efanelekileyo yokuchaphazela inani leentaka kunye nokuzingela kwezoshishino.

Inkcazo Yentsapho

Intsapho yaseDuck ayininzi nje, kodwa ikwahluke kakhulu. Abameli bentsapho bahluke ngokukodwa nje ngobukhulu, kodwa nangombala. Ngokomzekelo, ubunzima beentaka zivela kwi-250 gram (i-African Goose) kunye neekhilogram ezingama-20. Abameli bentsapho banompawu, intsiba eninzi, igutywe ngamanzi angenawo amanzi. Oku kungenxa yokuba intsapho yamanzi yodada ihlala isemanzini.

Iinyoni zinomtsalane omude kwaye uguquguqukayo, intonga ephahliweyo kunye ebanzi, umzimba ohlanjululwayo kunye ne-large supply of fat-cutaneous. Yaye imilenze yabo imfutshane, idibene ngokubanzi, kunye neminwe exhunywe ngamagundane. Zonke iintaka zentsapho ziyakwazi ukuhamba ngomhlaba, kodwa ngelo xesha zibaleka kakuhle, kwaye ezinye zidibanisa. Iintaka ezinamazinyo zihamba ngokukhawuleza kwaye zikwazi ukufikelela ngesivinini seekhilomitha ezili-80 ngeyure.

Izenzo zamalungu entsapho

Iinyoni zentsapho yodada zikhokelela kwindlela yokuphila kunye nokuxhamla kwezentlalo. Bakhetha ukuhlala kwidla kufuphi namagumbi amanzi, ngamanye amaxesha kwiziqithi. Amabhinqa endlekeni ahlanganiswe phantsi, ekhishwe kwangaphambili kwisisu. Iintaka zizalwa zibonwa, zikhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye zakha. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, abantwana banokuzimela ngokuzenzekelayo ukutya kwabo. Ngokuqhelekileyo bayondla ebumnyameni. Ngokuqinisekileyo zonke iintaka zintloni ngokwemvelo, ngoko ke zama ukunyamekela.

Kukholelwa ukuba ezinye iintlobo zinezizathu zengqondo eziphucukileyo: iphunga, ukubona, ukuva. Nokuba umlomo wedoki unomzwelo othile.

Intsapho yaseDuck ikude neentaka eziyinyabi. Abaninzi babo banengqondo ephuhlileyo, njengomzekelo, iigesi. Bathumela amava okuphila okuqokelelwa kwisizukulwana esinye kwesinye.

Ukuhlala nokutya kwamadada

Idada yentsapho ininzi kakhulu kwaye ngexesha elifanayo ineendawo ezahlukeneyo zokuhlala. Zisasazwa ngokubanzi malunga nehlabathi (ngaphandle kwe-Antarctica). Ngokuqinisekileyo zonke iintlobo zezilwanyana ze-molt ngonyaka kabini ngonyaka: ngokupheleleyo ehlobo kwaye ngeklasi ekwindla (okanye ebusika).

Kwiintaka ze-molt zize zilahleke amandla okubhabha. Bondla ukutya kwendalo: izityalo eziluhlaza zezityalo, imbewu, iziqhamo ezinzulu zezityalo, amahlumela. Kodwa ukutya kwezilwanyana kuba kwindawo yesibini. Inkqubo yokondla iyenzeka kokubili emanzini nasemhlabeni. Ngokuqhelekileyo iintaka azidibi. Ukusuka phantsi kweendawo zokuhlala bathabatha ukutya ngokubethelela iintamo zabo emanzini, ngamanye amaxesha kunye nendawo ephambili yomzimba wabo.

I-Ornithologists zibonisa ukuba xa idada liqala ukusasaza ngeenxa zonke kwilizwekazi kwi-Southern Hemisphere. Kwaye namhlanje bafunyanwa kuwo wonke umhlaba. Afunyanwa kuphela kwi-Antarctica nakwezinye iinqithi ezikulo olwandle. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka ukuba iintlobo ezifanayo zenzeka kwiindawo ezihluke ngokupheleleyo, phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokuhlala (umzekelo, kwimozulu epholileyo kunye nendawo epholileyo).

Iingcali zenzululwazi zikholelwa ukuba into enjalo iyenzeka ngenxa yokuphambuka kweendlela zokufudukela kweentaka. Kuphela nje ukulahleka nokulungelelanisa kumazwe amatsha kwiikoloni ezincinci. Emva kwexesha, bafumana utshintsho oluthile ngombala, ubukhulu, baze bayeke ukukholisa ukuphila okufudukelayo.

Phantse zonke iintaka zeentsapho zeedada zixhamla amanzi. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba bahlala kufuphi nemigangatho yamanzi, kummandla wonxweme. Kwaye abanye bahlala elwandle. Kuwo nawuphi na umzimba wamanzi ungabona omnye wabameli beli ntsapho. Kwaye abaninzi banomdla ngokubambela umntu kumasimi kunye neepaki.

Uluhlu lweentlobo zeendada

Idada - intsapho eninzi, equka intlanzana emithathu: amadada, i-geese kunye nee-glazed semi-glazed. Ingqikithi kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwezi-150. Ezi ziquka:

1. Ubuncwane obumhlophe.
2. I-dive emhlophe.
3. I-croquet enkulu.
4. Ibhokhwe e libomvu.
5. Mallard.
6. I-bean goose-goose.
7. I-Swan-mute.
8. I-Swan ngummemeza.
9. Inja yolwandle.
10. IGaga iqhelekileyo.
11. Gogol iqhelekileyo.
12. Svityaz.
13. Piganka.
14. Idada elimhlophe.
15. Grey Goose
16. Idada.
17. Sunga.
18. Umlingo-umkhweli.
19. Inkcazo.
20. I-teal ishiywa.

Sibona indlela eninzi ngayo intsapho yamadada. Uluhlu olunikezwa kuthi aluphelelanga. Kuphela iintlobo ezimbalwa ezimele kuyo. Makhe sihlale kwezinye zazo ngokubanzi.

Gogol

I-Gogol (intsapho yase-duck) idada yodada ebhekiselele kwizilwanyana ezifudukayo ezifudukayo kwaye imelwa ngamacandelo amabini ahlala eNyakatho Melika nase-Eurasia. Iindidi zasebusika ezantsi (kubandakanya i-Mediterranean). Ngokuqhelekileyo ibusika ebusika e-Italy.

Bahlala kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni kufuphi namachibi kunye nemifula emikhulu, kunye nobusika ecaleni konxweme okanye kumanzi amanzi. Ngo-Meyi no-Apreli, iintaka ziphinda zihlasele amaqanda angama-11, apho iwesibini iqhube khona (kwiintsuku ezingama-29). Amatshontshi ahlala esihlahleni nje iintsuku ezimbalwa, kwaye kwiintsuku eziyi-8 ukuya kweye-9 ziqala ukuhamba. Njalo unyaka iintaka zenza enye i-masonry. Bahlala behlangana ngamaqela amancinci, agcinwa ubomi. UGogol uhamba ngokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza, kwaye uyaphuma emva kokugijima emanzini. Intaka inondla ukutya kwezilwanyana, oko kuthatha ngaphantsi kwamanzi, ukuhamba ngeemitha eziliqela.

UGogol (intsapho yamadada) unomdla onomdla wokulungiselela izidleke zazo emigodini yemithi, iminyango yemilenze kunye neendawo zokungcebeleka. Indoda ibonisa ukuziphatha komtshato. Iintlobo ezinxulumene nazo i-Icelandic gogol (ehlala eMelika, eItali nase-Iceland) kunye ne-lagoon encinci (ehlala eNyakatho ye-Eurasia).

Swan Swan

I-swan-swan yintaka, yafumana igama layo ngenxa yomsindo we-tubal ophumayo. I-klikun ziintaka ezinkulu kakhulu, ubunzima bazo bunokufikelela kwiihilogram ezilishumi. Bondla emanzini angatye, agxininise ngokupheleleyo intloko emanzini kunye nentamo entanyeni kunye nengxenyeni yangaphambili yesiqu.

Ngaphantsi kwamanzi, iintaka zithatha iingcambu zezityalo, imbewu, ukubamba ama-invertebrates amancinci: izibungu, izinambuzane kunye nama-crustaceans. Basuka emanzini amaninzi ngenxa yobunzima babo obunzima. Ekuqaleni, iintaka zithatha ixesha elide, zibetha i-paws yazo emanzini, kwaye ngokukhawuleza ziqala ukufumana ukuphakama. Izibhakabhaka ezinobungozi kumntla weMeditera, kummandla wonxweme lweCaspian, kunye nezinye zeentaka zinyuka zisezantsi-mpuma yeAsia.

I-Swans ikhetha izikhala ezivulekileyo: izilwanyana, amachibi, iindawo ezihamba emifuleni kunye nolwandle lolwandle. Izilwanyana zihlala emanzini, kwiindawo ezinxweme, iipattle, i-peat bogs, kwi-tundra, kumachibi. Ukususela ekupheleni kukaMeyi isiqalo sokuhlala siqala. Amabhinqa abeka amaqanda amathathu ukuya kwantlanu aze ahlaselwe. Amakhonkco avela ekukhanyeni emva kweentsuku ezingama-31-42. Ngokuzimeleyo uqala ukutshiza iimifanekiso ezincinane kwiiveki ezili-11 ukuya kwe-14.

Ukusetyenziswa kweentlobo ezinxulumene nazo zinokuthiwa yi-tundra swan, enesayizi esincinane. Le ntaka esenyakatho yeentlanti zentsapho yodada, njengomthetho, kwibhanti ye-arctic ye-Eurasia, ngamanye amaxesha inokufumaneka kwi-Italy. Kodwa i-swan eyimnyama yayivela e-Australia, kwaye yaziswa eYurophu njengeentaka ezihlobisa.

Mandarin

Ngubani omnye obonisa intsapho yaseDuck? Mandarin - mhlawumbi, idada enhle kunazo zonke ehlabathini. Intetho, eqinisweni, imayelana nomdaka, kodwa inkazana ilungile, kodwa imbala encinane. Olu hlobo ludada lunegama lesibini - "idada yaseTshayina". Kangangeenkulungwane, iintaka ezinjalo ziye zahlobisa amachibi ase-Japan, eKorea naseTshayina, ngoko ke kuthiwa yi-mandarins (i-Mandarin igosa elikhulu e-Asia). Ngako oko, iziqhamo ze-tangerines azibandakanyekanga nemvelaphi yegama.

Le ntaka incinci kwaye ikhula ukusuka kwi-0.5 ukuya kwi-0.8 kg. Ibhekisela kumahlathi ehlathi. Ubude bomntu bufikelela kuma-40-48 ngamentimitha. Amadoda anemibala ebomvu kakhulu. Ukususela ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba ukuya kuJulayi entloko nasentanyeni yamadaka, i-whiskers kunye ne-crest zenziwe. Ukubala imibala ebomvu ye-orange ibonakala ngokutshintshela kwi-violet, eluhlaza kunye emdaka. Umlenze unombala obomvu obomvu, kwaye iipaws zidwetshwe ziphuzi. Amadoda amnandi kakhulu, kodwa amabhinqa ayabonakala ethobekile, kwimbala yawo ibandakanya i-gray-white and brown shades. I-tangerines ihamba kakuhle, kwaye ibuye ibhukude kakuhle kwaye idide. Ngomhlaba, bahamba ngokukhawuleza. Kodwa ilizwi labo lihluke ngokupheleleyo kwi-quack evamile, nangona ibonisa intsapho yamadada. I-Mandarinka iphakamisa i-scribbling okanye ikhwelo elithulileyo.

Indawo

Ekuqaleni ezi ntaka ezintle zahlala kwi-East Asia. E-Rashiya, ngoku iyakwiindawo zasePhermorsky naseKhabarovsk Territories, kwimimandla yaseAmur neSakhalin. Kwimimandla ekumntla, ama-mandarine enza njengeentaka ezifudukayo. NgoSeptemba, bashiya ubusika eChina naseJapan.

AmaMandarins anesici esibalulekileyo: bathanda ukuhlala emthini. Ngamanye amaxesha imingxuma yabo ifumaneka kwiimitha ezintandathu eziphezulu. Indlela enjalo yokuphila engavamile yenza amadada afunde ukuxhuma kwindawo ephakamileyo ngaphandle kokuzilimaza.

Ndihlala ejikeleze imilambo yeentaba, apho imithi ixhomeke khona, kunye nakumahlathi kufuphi neenqanawa. E-Rashiya, olu luhlobo ngenxa yobunqongophala balo ludweliswe kwiBlack Book. Izingela amadada, zizalwe kwiipaki kunye negadi njengezityalo zokuhlobisa.

Njengoko sele sithethile, iintaka zikhetha ukuhlala ngasenyakatho kwamanzi, zikhetha ukhetho lwe-windbreaks. Ngomyalelo wamabhinqa, iinkumbi zihamba ngqo ukusuka emhadangweni ize zifunde ukuthambisa. Ukutya kwama-tangerines kubandakanya iintlanzi, izilwanyana, imingxo, imbewu yezityalo, i-acorns namaxoxo. Amadada akwazi ukukhuphuka phezulu emoyeni, kwaye ngoko-ke kwiimithi ze-oki bafumana ukutya ngokulula. Ukongezelela, ama-mandarin atyiswa ilayisi, amahlumela okutya, i-buckwheat.

Iimpawu zokuziphatha kwe-mandarin

Uphindwe kabini ngonyaka bawaguqula umquba wabo. NgoJuni, abesilisa baphosa isambatho sabo esihle kwaye babe njengabafazi. Ama-Mandarinks abuya kakhulu kususela ebusika, ngamanye amaxesha ngelixa ikhephu lingakafiki. Ngexesha lokukhula phakathi kwamadaka kukhona ubundlobongela ngenxa yowesetyhini.

Amadada abeka amaqanda asixhenxe ukuya kwezine. Inyanga kamva kukho iinkukhu. Ngethuba lexesha lokutshatyalaliswa kwamabhinqa amabhinqa awashiyi izidleke zawo, atyiswa yindoda. Yonke ihlobo, bobabini abazali bahlanganyela kwimfundo yabantwana babo, bafundisa ukuba badime, baqhube, bazikhusele kwizilwanyana. Abantwana banokubhabha kwiintsuku ezingamashumi amane.

Ehlobo, ii-mandarins zincinci kwaye zihamba kakuhle kunye nezinye iintaka kuwo nawaphi na amanzi emzimbeni, ngoko zihlala zizalwe kwii-zoos kunye nama-dendroparks njengezilwanyana ezihlobisa, zinika iimeko ezinxulumene nemvelo. Kodwa kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba iintaka azikhuthazeli ukushisa ngaphantsi kwamadide amahlanu, ebusika abanakuhlala kwisitalato.

Patagonian Geese

Olu hlobo lwamaadada luqulethe iintlobo ezintlanu: i-Patagonian Goose, i-Goose-gray head-head, i-goose ebomvu, i-goose ye-Magellanian kunye ne-Andean goose. Indawo yokuhlala yeentaka - iIzilwanyana zaseFalkland kunye neMzantsi Melika, iChile, iPeru. I-patagonian geese inendawo yokusingqongileyo. Iintaka zidla ukutya kokutya, zikhetha ukuhamba emaphethelweni ehlathi kunye ne-glades. Ukutya okuthandayo kuku: i-rhizomes, imbewu, amahlumela, amaqabunga, okusanhlamvu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, olu hlobo lwendalo alufani nakwabanye abameli beedada.

Mallard

I-Mallard (intsapho yasedoki) iyona danzi enkulu kumlambo. Ngaphandle, abesilisa bahluke kwabesifazane. Unomzimba obomvu, isifuba se-chestnut kunye nentloko eluhlaza. Abahlali be-mallards kunoma yiyiphi na amanzi, kodwa izilwanyana zikhetha kwiimvumba, emhlabathini, ngaphantsi kangako-emigodini, ngamanye amaxesha zikwazi ukuhlala ngokukhawuleza ukusuka emanzini. Mallard ixhaphake kakhulu eYurophu. Umzimba weentaka unendawo ephantsi. Iintsiba zigcotyiweyo ngomxube owenziwe ngamafutha ogqwetshwe ngophothologeal, ngoko ke idada alizange limanzi, nangona lihlala limanzi.

Ama-Mallards anemibhobho yokubhukuda phakathi kweenzwane ezibanceda ukuba bahambi. Amadada ahamba ngokukhawuleza, kodwa iindawo ezihamba phambili zihamba ngokugqithiseleyo. Iinyoni zixhaphaza kwiinambuzane, i-amphibians, iimpethu, izihluma, ukutya ukutya. Yilawa maadada awakhiwa ngabantu basekuqaleni.

Esikhundleni sokulandelelana

Njengoko sibona, intsapho yaseDuck ayikho nje iqela elikhulu leentaka, kodwa lihluke kakhulu. Abameli balo bahlala ehlabathini lonke, kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi, kodwa baneempawu ezifanayo ezifanayo.