Ziziphi iindidi ulwazi

Ulwazi lumele ngenxa kwinkqubo yokufunda, ukuba isakhiwo esithile kunye namanyathelo ezinxulumene amanqanaba ukusekwa kunye nophuhliso yoluntu. ulwazi okhula kunye ubuxhakaxhaka practice.

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ulwazi lwabantu. Enye iifom amadala wenkolo nefilosofi. Umsunguli positivism, Auguste Comte phakathi kwenkulungwane ye-19, ephakamisa ingqiqo, ibonisa iintlobo ulwazi. Ngokombono wakhe, yena ingqalelo iintlobo ezintathu ngokulandelelana endaweni omnye komnye.

Ifomu yokuqala ingqalelo ulwazi yonqulo. Oku kusekelwe ukholo buqu kunye nezithethe.

Ifom yesibini - nolwazi bulumko. Ngokusekelwe intuition umbhali okanye ezinye imiba kwaye nzulu yaye kusengqiqweni endalweni.

ulwazi lwezenzululwazi - oku kwendlela yesithathu. Ngokusekelwe ukulungiswa izibakala kwi imvelaphi eksperimenti ejolise okanye okuboniweyo.

Namhlanje Kucacile ukuba zonke ezi ndidi ulwazi ziyaphuhliswa ngokunxuseneyo, akukho kanye njengoko apho izityalo zasendle nezilwanyana.

Kukwakho nenye yokuhlela. Ngokutsho ingqikelelo M. Polanyi (sobulumko IsiNgesi), iintlobo yolwazi zihlelwa ngokungqinelana iimpawu zomntu. IsiNgesi sobulumko kwaphuma yokuba ukwazi ukuqonda esebenzayo yezinto - isenzo ifuna izixhobo ezikhethekileyo kunye nobugcisa okhethekileyo. I "ubuntu", ngokutsho Polanyi, kwaye nokhupho nje inyaniso kodwa ungubani umdla yayo kwingqiqo. Kulo mzekelo, kukho isethi naziphi na iingxelo nje kuphela, kodwa amava abo. Ngenxa yoko, Polanyi wakhetha ezi ntlobo zilandelayo ulwazi:

1. A ecacileyo, yacaciswa, kuchazwe ngcamango, namasiko, ingqiqo.
2. Oluchaziweyo, lokukwekwa, kungekhona enikela usisithunzi epheleleyo amava oluntu.

ulwazi oluchaziweyo eziqulathwe izakhono ezibonakalayo, izakhono ezisebenzisekayo, amacebo umbono. It kungaboniswanga ngokupheleleyo zezifundo, kodwa isasazeka kukudibana buqu kunye nonxibelelwano.

Njengoko icandelo engundoqo nezinga lemfundo ngokubanzi nolwazi kusisiphumo kukwazi imithetho yendalo, ukucinga, uluntu kunye leyinene. Le yoko ibonisa amava jikelele yoluntu elingathathwanga ngexesha yokusebenza yoluntu zembali.

Umxholo Educational iquka iintlobo ezifana ngolwazi, ezifana:

1. The main amagama ezibonisa leyinene. Ukongeza sebaleni ngemihla, babonisa kunye nolwazi lwenzululwazi.
2. facts imihla ekhoyo kunye nenzululwazi. Bona asetyenziswa emi kunye nobungqina izimvo zabo.
3. imithetho yesayensi Basic. Aveza ubudlelwane phakathi nokuhlalisana izinto ezahlukeneyo.
4. Theory, eziqulathe iseti ulwazi lwenzululwazi malunga ezithile izinto nkqubo, izinto, ulwalamano phakathi kwazo, kwakunye neendlela ukuqikelela nokucacisa izenzakalo ethile nakwinkalo yesifundo.
5. Ukuhlolwa ulwazi. Zibonisa imilinganiselo ukuba iziganeko ebomini ezahlukeneyo.
6. Ulwazi indlela yokuqhuba imisebenzi zenzululwazi, iindlela yokwazi, kwaye ulwazi imbali lokuthenga.

Zonke ezi ntlobo ezineefitsha enxulumene imisebenzi kwaye asebenzise ubugcisa nokufunda.

Ulwazi nako:

1. Emotional futhi enengqondo.
2. Essentsianalisticheskimi (ngokusekelwe ekusetyenzisweni izixhobo ubuninzi analysis) kunye fenomenolisticheskimi (zisekelwe ekusetyenzisweni yeli binzana "umgangatho").
3. Sethiyori enokwehla (uvavanyo).
4. Chastnonauchnogo nefilosofi.
5. Eyoluntu nenzululwazi yezobugqi.

Ukusuka kwindawo zokufundiswa nangokwasengqondweni lwembono, i umdla kakhulu umahluko phakathi ubengo (zenzululwazi zendalo) kunye nolwazi (yoluntu) yenyama.