Yongezelela zentsimbi e ngehemoglobin eliphantsi abadala: ngokutsha, imiyalelo esetyenziswa kunye nengxelo

Ukungabikho intsimbi emzimbeni womntu kunokubangela iingxaki ezininzi. iziyobisi Modern ne ngehemoglobin low kuya kukunceda ukugcwalisa into ebalulekileyo esitokisini.

Yintoni anaemia

Le meko luphawulwa amaqondo aphantsi izakhiwo mpilo. Ukuphuhlisa anaemia, apho unikezelo ioksijini kwizihlunu kuguga iiseli. Kukho iziyobisi ezandisa athwala emzimbeni womntu.

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi iimeko zobuthathaka begazi apho kukho ukunqongophala protein, iikhompawundi zentsimbi okanye cyanocobalamin.
Eyona ndlela iqhelekileyo ayoni anemia kuqwalaselwa, zibangelwa yi ukubhidana kwimfuno kwaye ufumane Fe-ion.

Kukho ezimbini amanqanaba sifo:

1. ukungabikho abagxothwa yesinyithi apho athwala sinciphile ferritin boxinzelelo, kunye nomxholo transferrin, kungekho zimpawu kwezonyango Fe intswelo.
2. Eneneni iimeko ezizalwa kunye ngeempawu ezicacileyo yokunqongophala ezibengezelayo amalungu oluntu, xa kukho ukuyilwa ikukunyasha iimolekyuli mpilo.

Ixabiso yentsimbi emzimbeni

Kuyimfuneko ukuba ekumgangatho wabantu. Malunga ne-70% ukwimo ibandakanyiwe mpilo. amalungu yangaphakathi akakwazi nokulungelelanisa ion zentsimbi, zinikelwe kuphela ukutya.

Yihemoglobin sibophelela mpilo iiseli erythrocytic.

isiqulatho intsimbi Ukunqongophala ibangela oksijini yindlala. Ukunciphisa ukuba kwehliswa haemoglobin iziyobisi kunye namayeza, eziqulathe Fe-ion.

Isakhiwo mpilo

Ubume be Yehemoglobin iqulethe subunits ezine protein heme-equlethe. Protomers kwenzeka phakathi compound hydrophobic, ionic, hydrogen-uhlobo rhoqo ezisebenzisanayo.

Ukubunjwa heme langoku divalent ion metal, nto leyo ifakwe kwiqela angoozenzele.

Iimpawu kwegazi

yongezelela zentsimbi e ngehemoglobin eliphantsi abadala ezimiselweyo hypotension, pallor, imithambo belele, ubuthathaka, nobuthongo, isiyezi, sinciphise yokusebenza, iyangongoza, bamba umphefumlo.

Isizathu sokuba ukuthatha iyeza na utshintsho imvaba ukoma ngokugqithiseleyo, yokuzikhwebula. Isikhonkwane ipleyiti uba striated kwaye inkumnkum, yaye neenwele ayikho namandla ngokwaneleyo, kukulahlekelwa kunye necandelo. Ayoni bungabonakala imilo uhlaba kukhetho incasa.

Xa izifundo laboratory, umda osezantsi egazini mpilo eqhelekileyo ukuba grams 130 ilitha nganye umzimba oyindoda, kwaye 120 grams ilitha nganye oyinkazana.

degree Light siyagula ka-HB lixabiso, engaphezulu kwe-90 grams ilitha nganye kodwa ngaphantsi kwe 110 grams ilitha nganye, nokulolonga HB uya kwisalathiso grams 70 ukuya 90 ilitha nganye, yaye kwinqanaba HB kakhulu ngaphantsi kwe-70 grams ilitha nganye.

Amanqaku nokukhetha lwamayeza

Ukuze ukuphelisa ugqirha ayoni zobuthathaka begazi lakho ukhetha iziyobisi ukwandisa ihemoglobin, ezisekelwe phezu iimpawu yokucolwa of ion zentsimbi nokwenziwa kweempawu, ukwakhiwa kunye ukuma balawule.

Yaye yasekwa ukuba zolawulo intramuscularly isiyobisi unika japan mbi xa ngomlomo ilawulwa iifom tablet. Oku kuchazwe ngendlela nokwenziwa of ion yesinyithi, eqala ethunjini. Kule ndlela yokuqala, ulawulo lwenzeka ngayo ezingafunekiyo.

amalungiselelo zentsimbi kunye ngehemoglobin eliphantsi abadala kufuneka kubandakanye umxholo kangangoko element kwifomu yayo enyulu, leyo isusela ukusuka 80 ukuya 160 mg. Loo imali elingana 320 mg sulphate, kwanele ukuvelisa isiphumo enyangayo ezinqwenelekayo. Le ukutenxa idosi okhethiweyo okanye ukupheliswa ichiza kuya kubangela iziphumo ezingafunekiyo.

Yimeko kubalulekile ukuba unyango olufanelekileyo ukungqinelana ukuthembakala amacwecwe kwi ulwamkelo. Kubonakala ukuba luthi, wabaginya ngokukhawuleza ngamanzi. Ngesiqhelo engamanzi iyeza yentsimbi azipilisi kuthathelwe ngobuchule.

Complex vitamin nezimbiwa amalungiselelo bengenako imbuyekezo ngokupheleleyo ngenxa yokunqongophala sakhi umzimba ngenxa isiqulatho esezantsi.

Eyenzwe zithathwa anyityiliselwe wawutyabeka iimveliso nesinyiti ukwandisa mpilo. Loo isheyiphu ithintela mucosal epithelium le wokugaya kwimiphumo ebuhlungu amayeza.

Medicines for kwegazi

Ngokuxhomekeka kuhlobo kwegazi usebenzisa amayeza ezahlukeneyo. Ezi ibe arhente ayoni okanye vitamin kweziyobisi ngohlobo cyanocobalamin, folic kunye ascorbic acid, Alpha-tokoferrola, riboflavin okanye pyridoxine.

Xa ifomu isifo aplastic asebenzisa iziyobisi glucocorticosteroid, imithi ezisekelwe steroid, androgens, cytostatics.
Amayeza kunye erythropoietin lujoliswe ukukhuthazwa hematopoiesis kunye nokwanda mpilo.

izixhobo Iron

Kokuba ezininzi eziqhele ukusetyenziswa ukunyanga karhulumente igazi. Ukuba eli qela libandakanya amalungiselelo zentsimbi ukuze kuphuculwe umthamo eliphantsi. Ngokuqhelekileyo amayeza saline, ezo wendele kakuhle eludongeni wamathumbu ukuba yeConvenco elandelayo kungena ententeni heme. Formation mpilo ubangela ukuphucuka kwindlela yothutho ioksijini.

Kukho amayeza kunye ezintathu okanye nentsimbi ayoni. Ukuphucula ukufumaneka yokuqala compound ifomu acid adingekayo ukuvumela Fe ²⁺ nabo bathuthwayo wamathambo. ukufunxeka yentsimbi Valence II kunyuswa phantsi kwempembelelo ascorbic acid ebonelela transfer ion kunye nokufakwa kwi isakhiwo heme.

Ukusuka kwindawo komzimba lwembono, tablet amalungiselelo ikhethwayo ngakumbi. ulawulo Parenteral ye ichiza osetyenziswayo ilungu lomzimba Ukwanda ngokukhawuleza xa kukho ngezifo wamathumbu kunye nonyango akukho nokuphuculwa iifom eqinileyo.

iidosi eziphezulu zamachiza ezisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa amaxabiso haemoglobin okuqhelekileyo, uze ukhethe up umthamo yesondlo. imali Ukuncipha iziyobisi bamthwala yothintelo anemia.

Amayeza ne divalent yentsimbi

Abantu igazi badla cela ugqirha umbuzo malunga ngoko ukwandisa umthamo egazini. Amalungiselelo sulfates kunye mzimba. Akutsha nje igalelo ekuphuculeni ukufunxeka nokufumaneka.

Ezininzi eziqhele ukusetyenziswa amayeza "Sorbifer Durules", kumafa ngoku zesinyithi sulfate ahle kunye C-vitamin.

Enye indlela efanayo "Tardiferron" amacwecwe apho ascorbic iasidi indawo folic. Thatha amayeza kusasa nasemva kwemini, imizuzu engama-30 phambi izidlo. Iipilisi kufuneka ihlanjwe phantsi 200 ml yamanzi.

Esebenzisa imixube capsule ziquka:

• "Ferrofolgamma" kunye divalent yentsimbi sulfate, cyanocobalamin, ivithamin C
• "Ferretab" kunye fumarate kunye folic acid.
• "Fenyuls" kunye FeSO _4, B9, B5, C, B2 , B6 iivithamini.

Medicament "Aktiferrin" ngohlobo njengezingxobo, amachaphaza kunye isiraphu abaphathana anemia ebantwaneni.

iziyobisi engaxabisi ukwandisa umthamo "Hematogen" kumafa waso neprothini albumin kunye FeSO _4.

"Totem" iziyobisi isisombululo equlethe yentsimbi (II) gluconate, ubhedu, manganese.

Le dragees "Prolongatum gemofer" Fe sulphate langoku.

Amayeza nensimbi ferric

Ezi ziquka iziyobisi ukwandisa umthamo egazini. Isishwankathelo iziyobisi kweli qela ukufumanisa ifomu idosi umsebenzi osemqoka izithako ezisebenzayo mali esiphuma kwegazi.

Le imithi kunye nentsimbi esebenzayo i intsimbi ferric ekhoyo njenge polimaltozata hayidroksayidi. Ngoko ke ukubunjwa iye:

• iziyobisi "Maltofer", evela ngohlobo isiraphu, ngenaliti, yaye amacwecwe.
• amayeza "Fenyuls", yenziwe amathontsi kunye isiraphu.
• lithetha "Ferrum uAmaleki" - tablets, isiraphu, kunye nesisombululo injectable.

Le medicament "Biofer" polimaltozata hayidroksayidi Ukongeza, iqulathe folic acid. Ifumaneka azipilisi.

Xa isakhiwo ichiza "Ferlatum" solution esisebenza na ziiprotein succinate.

Intramuscularly ilawulwa amalungiselelo zentsimbi kunye hemoglobini eliphantsi kubantu abadala, xa kukho iimpawu ezibonisa ethile. Bona luphawulwa nokuphungulwa nokufunxwa ion zentsimbi kwisiqwenga zesisu kwi ezimbi ezahlukeneyo ezingapheliyo ngohlobo enteritis, pancreatitis esinganyangekiyo, elanele nokwenziwa syndrome.

amayeza Parenteral kufuneka wenziwe ukuqhubela phambili izilonda apha duodenum okanye isisu, sisilonda sikabhobhosi, hypersensitivity ngamnye eqhola nentsimbi, ngokususa ingxenye esiswini okanye emathunjini amancinci.

Kuba Ukwanda metal yomzimba inyama ngokukhawuleza kwi ukopha enkulu, phambi imisebenzi edibene hemorrhoids, unyango fibromioticheskih ngokobuninzi kunye nezinye izinto ezimbi, wamisela ukusungulwa ichiza kungena izihlunu. Isixa yesinyithi ichiza elisetyenziselwa unyango inaliti, ukuba ngaphezu kwe-100 mg ngosuku. Kwanele ukuba kuwanelisa ngokupheleleyo iimolekyuli transferrin njengako isinyithi.
Xa uhlobo kwezisombululo injectable, ukukhululwa iziyobisi "Venofer", "Argeferr", "Likferr", "Kosmofer".

abasabela Ezingalunganga kwi unyango

amalungiselelo zentsimbi kunye ngehemoglobin eliphantsi abadala ukuze bandiqumbise ziziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, ezo zibangelwa yi-ethe-isigulane ngasinye kwaye ifomu le medicament.

Ezinye izixhobo kungabangela zonke iintlobo iinkqubo, uhlobo komzimba ebangelwe wayengabunyamezeli isithako esebenzayo.

Le isifo amalungu ometyiso ukuba ukubacaphukisa agents isiphumo ayoni kodwa engakhankanywanga esingxotyeni salo olukhuselayo. Kulo mzekelo, ngaba wehlelwa iimpawu intlungu kummandla epigastric, kwakunye ubunzima lokusula ngekhefu.

Kukwamkela tablet kunye amalungiselelo ulwelo abangele mnyama phezu amazinyo lwawo.

indlela efakwa yokusebenzisa izisombululo kudale thrombophlebitis karhulumente, apho iimpahla asha kummandla isitofu.

Ifuthe nothomalaliso

yongezelela zentsimbi e ngehemoglobin eliphantsi abadala uqala ukuba nempembelelo iiveki ezintathu kuphela emva kokufumana ichiza, apho kukho yinto encinane HB. Nokulunga isiphumo pharmacotherapeutic beziyobisi ithathwa HIV xa amaxabiso haemoglobin eqhelekileyo iintsuku ezingama-60. Emva kokuba esithathwa hlengiswe ukuze unyango yesondlo.

Xa unyango lwe-ayoni izigulane anemia ziqhutywa ngaxeshanye ngamayeza lokuthathwa kutya zezityalo, incindi, aba bakhoyo apha izixa ezikhulu zezinto vitamin. Kuba uvuselelo umzimba kufuneka enze iiproteni kunye neemveliso zobisi kunye nenyama.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo - ichiza lukhetho yonyango kwegazi kufuneka ukujongana ugqirha okunyangayo. Self ayiyi kunika uphuculo kuyimfuneko, kodwa baxabane esingamkelekanga ukuba mandundu sifo.