Yintoni ulwandle zinzulu ehlabathini?

Ngaba ukhe ucinge malunghana ni mhaka leyi, iphi na ulwandle zinzulu ehlabathini? Ziintoni iimpawu zayo? Ohlala kuyo? No? Kwaye ndiza Ndingathanda?

Iimpendulo yonke le mibuzo ungafumana siqhelane izinto ze nqaku.

Icandelo 1. Yintoni ulwandle?

Phambi kokuba zisixelela ntoni elwandle zinzulu ehlabathini, sinikezela inkcazelo kanye ingqiqo. Ngoko ke, ngaphantsi kolwandle kuthetha ukuba inxalenye wolwandle yehlabathi, ezahlulwe komhlaba okanye phantsi kwamanzi sezwe ukuphakama.

Ngokubanzi, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukususela elwandle kolwandle ihlabathi imithetho zemozulu, zemozulu kwaye nemin ezahlukeneyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba ngokuqhelekileyo akhiwe kwi kungqameko iilwandle, yaye ngenxa kunxibelelwano encinane kunye nenxalenye evulekileyo indawo yamanzi ikhona kuzo kutshintshiselwano ngamanzi kade.

Kwaye kwenkcazo incwadi yejografi uthi ngaphantsi kolwandle kufuneka aqonde isixa esikhulu samanzi netyuwa, oludityaniswe iqokobhe amanzi komhlaba, okanye Great Salt Lake, ayinabantu ngokupheleleyo elwandle kwaye akukho iplagi.

Enye kwenye ukusuka elwandle, kakade, bebona izinto enezityalo nezilwanyana zazo.

Icandelo 2: Sea Philippine

Ngoku, mhlawumbi, nawuphi na umfundi unako igama ulwandle zinzulu ehlabathini. Le Philippine, nto leyo ifumaneka phakathi iziqithi yasentshona wePasifiki. Enkosi nemisinga efudumeleyo, amanzi apha ine avareji lobushushu ²⁵ ° iindawo C kunye etyuwa ifikelela 35.1%.

Ubunzulu mkhulu ebhalwe i-Mariana Trench , okanye njalo-ebizwa ngokuba Mariana Trench. Mhlawumbi wonke ubuncinane kanye ebomini bakhe weva ngale ngongoma kwimaphu. Kwaye abalawuli cinema mihla badla abasahlala oominenga zakhe ezingabonwayo, intlanzi nezingaqhelekanga, swa koteka ku nobugqi namaqhina.

Ubunzulu yale umsele yi-11 022 m. Noko ke, la manani luqikelelo. Abanye abaphengululi bathi ngokwenyani lo mzobo ibe abantu likhulu kakhulu nje kodwa ngendlela alungele inomlinganiselo Ezi ziqwempu.

Ngelo xesha, ulwandle zinzulu indawo ehlabathini ekugunyazisayo iziqithi bungaphezu kweekhilogram ezingamawaka asixhenxe amahle kakhulu kwizityalo nezilwanyana zizityebi.

Phakathi zalo eziluncedo Ungakhetha unique seengxangxasi Pangaskhanskie, amachibi, mlilo, emiqolombeni kolwandle hlabathi zizityebi, enikezelwa iminenga, iinkomo ulwandle, amahobe, lookrebe, dolphins, stingrays enkulu, eels kunye namanye yaseJapan.

Icandelo 3. Sea Coral

Ukuba sithethe malunga nokuba yintoni na yolwandle kwi-Southern saseNtla, akunakwenzeka ukuba singasathethi Ukuphupha. Oku ise ekweleenjiko Pacific Ocean yaye ligubungela ummandla ngaphezu kwezigidi ezi-5 square metres. km. Ezinye ukudakumba kubonakele zizazinzulu ezinzulwini zawo ukufikelela kubunzulu ka 9000 m.

Indawo, kuba asuka zivela elunxwemeni Australia ukuya Solomon Islands, kwiziqithi New Guinea kunye Hebrides Entsha, yaye ngasemntla-ntshona waya Indian Ocean.

Amanzi olwandle unyaka wonke into seliphantse ukugqitha kakuhle. Umndilili weqondo ngenyanga isusela ku-20 ^o C ukuya +28 ^o C.

Igama oLwandle Coral ayikho ngengozi. Ngenxa yobuninzi amathanga zekorale neengqaqa, ezabo, iziqithi polyp iifosili, kwaye wafumana igama layo.

Hi ndlela leyi, musa ukulibala ukuba le nxalenye ye elwandle, kukho isakhiwo kunazo zonke planethi - Enkulu Barrier Reef. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ububanzi balo ephakathi 60 no-80 km, kwaye wolula ezimelene nonxweme ka-Australia kumgama 30-60 km ukusuka elunxwemeni km ngaphezulu kwama-2,000. Izazinzulu zithi ukuba oku kumda, ngenxa yokuba unyaka wonke kuba enezixhobo kuphela ngakumbi.

Ukongeza iintlobo ezahlukeneyo nekorale, ookrebe kunye oononkala, kuya kuhlala ngabameli ezininzi zehlabathi kwamanzi: anemones ulwandle, inkwenkwezi, inkomo, urchins ulwandle, intlanzi eziphaphazelayo, cucumber ulwandle, amahobe ulwandle omkhulu, squid, eziyityhefu ilitye iintlanzi-prilipialy pteroisy intlanzi kunye nabanye.

Icandelo 4: Sea Tasman

Phakathi elunxwemeni kwisiqithi New Zealand kunye Australia kuMzantsi wePasifiki, ukuba ibekwe kwenye elwandle zinzulu ehlabathini - Tasman.

Indawo ka-3340 macala onke. km kwaye kufana elimile irhombus. Kwezinye iindawo, ifikelela nobunzulu amanani amakhulu 6,000 m. Nokuba Kunzima ukucinga ukuba oku kanye umgama leyo ukoyisa indiza, umzekelo, ukusuka eMoscow ukuya iyavuma.

Imozulu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo yolwandle yohlukile kakhulu. Kutheni le nto isenzeka? Eyona nto kukuba ezithandwa kwimimandla zezulu ezahlukeneyo.

Umphezulu emanzini olwandle kumntla ukufudumala ku +27 ^{° C,} nakwelasezantsi - ehlotyeni nje ukuya +15 ^{° C} kwaye ebusika kusithwa +9 ° ^C. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba uhlobo i Tasman ubomi ulwandle sifana kakhulu kwiyantlukwano Ukuphupha.

Ihlabathi kwamanzi yenziwe kuneekorale, ookrebe, akaphumelelanga, iminenga amadlozi, iminenga, iminenga umbulali, tuna, mackerel kunye nezinye izidalwa zaselwandle.

Icandelo 5. Sea Banda

Entshonalanga, i-Pacific Ocean luLwandle Banda, kwiStraits oludityaniswe kwezinye iindawo yolwandle yehlabathi.

indawo wayo 714 lamawaka. ^km2. Enyanisweni, loo nto ithathwa ulwandle nzulu kunye nobunzulu oluyi-7440 m, lo gama umlinganiselo 2737 m, oko phantse iyafana naleyo ulwandle zinzulu behlamba Russia, - .. wethu.

Izazinzulu ziye zafumanisa ukuba misinga 6 Banda, eshiya umgama ngaphezu ubunzulu 4000 m. Bonke kolundi ehlukanisiwe nezinyuko.

Enye into etsala ayikwazanga kubizwa ngokuba into yokuba ulwandle ibekwe kwindawo esebenzayo mlilo lomsebenzi, ngoko inkoliso siqithi mlilo.

Sea Banda uye enezityalo nezilwanyana zonke ityebileyo ezahlukeneyo, thaca iindidi zeentlanzi ezinobukhulu obahlukileyo, imibala neemilo. eziphilayo zaselwandle bahlala ubukhulu becala kwimimandla yonxweme nzulu.

Phakathi abameli yehlabathi kwamanzi kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ezantsi izixhobo ookrebe, stingrays, stingray, eels Moray, nekorale, iinkwenkwezi nkum anemones ulwandle, iinyoka ulwandle, urchins ulwandle, iinkwenkwezi njalo njalo.

Icandelo 6 Caribbean

Entshonalanga, i-Atlantic Ocean kufuphi weikhweyitha ibekwe Caribbean ziziqithi ezininzi, zokuqubha zesanti, amanzi ecacileyo, Kuyashisa, ubomi zasemanzini kunye neendawo sithi ndijonge.

Kungenakwenzeka ukuba umntu evela bahambi mihla ayaqonda ukuba, ndisiya apha ekhefini, omabini ithuba kutyelela omnye kweelwandle zinzulu kulo mhlaba.

Sea kobushushu amanzi ihlala zilolo hlobo zazilulo kuwo wonke unyaka, ukusuka +23 ^o C ukuya +28 ^o C.

Kuyinto likhaya leentlobo malunga 500 ngeentlobo zeentlanzi, baba phakathi kwawo uGoliyati intlanzi, angelfish, parrot intlanzi, eels Moray, iintlobo eziliqela ezinqabileyo yenani lookrebe, dolphins, iminenga amadlozi, iminenga.

Icandelo 7. I-Sea wethu - ulwandle zinzulu eRashiya

Sea wethu - yenye lwemvelo kakhulu nemveliso eziphilayo kwaye ezahlukeneyo ehlabathini.

Kubhaliwe iphakathi kwe-Russia, Alaska, kwaye ngokufanelekileyo unezibizo isihloko "Ulwandle zinzulu Arctic."

indawo layo angaba inkulungwane km ^2.

Ngokubanzi, ulwandle ubunjwe Arctic amanzi sub-Arctic. Okumangalisayo kukuba, oko esisityebi kunene eziphilayo eziphila. Noko ke, Kakade ke, ngabo abo physiologically wohlala obushushu aphantsi ngolo hlobo.

Iingcali uqaphele ukuba kukho zonke iimeko ngobukho beentlobo ngaphezu kwe-450 iintlanzi, molluscs, intlanzi, iminenga, dolphins, walruses, seals, iingonyama ulwandle, amabhere, iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-200 neentaka zonke amazwekazi kunye neentlobo-26 nezilwanyana zaselwandle.

Sea - elinye lamaziko inkulu semi-sethi amanzi, kuphela emideni kumazwekazi amabini, nto leyo kuthathwa ukuba ukwandiswa elingasemntla Pacific Ocean.