Yintoni receptor? Iintlobo kunye nenjongo receptor

Eli nqaku lichaza ukuba receptors ezinjalo, kuba ezo umntu kwaye, ingakumbi, umxholo abamelene receptor.

eziphilayo

Ubomi emhlabeni yethu kukho phantse eziibhiliyoni ezi-4 iminyaka. Ngexesha le bikho kwimbono yabantu ubomi ekuwo indawo ezininzi iintlobo, yaye mhlawumbi le nkqubo iza kuhamba kuyo ngonaphakade. Kodwa xa usibona kwindawo Ngenxa nayiphi ephilayo eziphilayo, ngoko isakhiwo, ezihambelanayo, nkqu ekudala emangalisayo lwezenzululwazi, kwaye kumayelana nkqu neyona esisiseko. Kwaye malunga umzimba womntu abathethi nto! Nayiphi indawo of biology wayo wahlukile kwaye unika umdla.

Esiza kuxubusha ngayo kweli phepha ukuba receptors ezinjalo, kutheni ukuba siyafunwa yaye oko kwenzeka. Ngokwenza njalo, siye zama ukuqonda kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

ukusebenza

Ngokutsho encyclopedia, lo receptor - kunxulumano iziphelo luvo kwezinye luvo ngovakalelo ezahlukeneyo kwaye ukuyilwa ezithile wenkqu intercellular kunye iiseli ezikhethekileyo kwithishyu ophilileyo. Kunye ke lizimisele ukutshintsha impembelelo yeemeko ezahlukahlukeneyo, nto leyo kudla kuwo ziyakhuthazeka, ingakumbi nemithambo uyibona. Ngoku siyazi ukuba eli receptor.

Ezinye iintlobo receptors zabantu ukuqonda ulwazi nokuqhelana ngokusebenzisa iiseli ezikhethekileyo imvelaphi epithelial. Ukongeza, oko amaYiputa abephathe ulwazi malunga nokushukunyiswa baxakeke nayo modified iiseli zemithambo, kodwa umahluko phakathi kwabo ukuba izala inkqubela-luvo akakwazi zodwa, kodwa benze kuphela innervate ekupheleni. Ngu azosala (ukuba ibekwe epithelium bobume ulwimi) Umzekelo ukuze isebenze. isenzo sabo isekelwe chemoreceptors banoxanduva imbono kunye nonyango sesimeni imichiza okanye aziphethe ngayo.

Ngoku siyazi ukuba yintoni azosala nendlela zisebenza.

ukuqashwa

Ngamafutshane, le receptors banoxanduva umsebenzi phantse zonke izivamvo. Kwaye ngaphandle kakhulu ezicacileyo, ezifana emehlweni okanye ezindlebeni, zenza umntu azive kunye nezinye izenzakalo: koxinzelelo, iqondo lobushushu, ukufuma njalo njalo. Ngoko siye saxubusha umbuzo wokuba yintoni receptor. Kodwa khangela ngokweenkcukacha ezingakumbi.

Nokushukunyiswa ukuba kusebenze receptors ezithile ukukhonza iziphumo ezahlukeneyo kakhulu kunye nezenzo, umzekelo iimpawu mechanical le deformation (amanxeba kunye amanxeba), iikhemikhali ndlongondlongo, kwaye nkqu intsimi yombane okanye zibuthe! Noko ke, yintoni receptors banoxanduva kwimbono elidlulileyo, kodwa hayi ncam. Siyazi kuphela ukuba onjalo apho ngokwenene, kodwa aphuhliswe kuzo zonke ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.

iintlobo

Zahlula-hlulwe iintlobo ngokutsho indawo emzimbeni kunye isivuseleli, apho sifumana iziganeko kwi kwalapho. Cinga kwezinye iinkcukacha receptor uhlobo lwe stimulus eyaneleyo:

• Chemoreceptors - banoxanduva incasa kunye nevumba yomsebenzi wabo isekelwe ngefuthe eguqukayo kunye namanye amachiza.
• Osmoreceptors - inxaxheba ekumiseleni utshintsho kulwelo osmotic, okt ukwandisa okanye ukunciphisa .. uxinzelelo Osmotic (oku uhlobo ulungelelwano phakathi intracellular kunye neencindi extracellular).
• Mechanoreceptors - ukufumana imiyalezo ezisekelwe neziphumo ezibonakalayo.
• Ziiphotoreceptor - ngenxa ukuba amehlo ethu athathe ukukhanya spectrum ebonakalayo.
• Thermoreceptors - zinoxanduva kwimbono lobushushu.
• Nociceptors.

Yintoni abamelene receptor?

Ngamafutshane, kuba ezo izinto ezinokuba ubophe receptors, kodwa musa ukutshintsha inkqubela yazo. A agonist, phezu koko, sibophelela nje kuphela kodwa bakhuthalele iphembelela receptor. Hi xikombiso, le yokugqibela kuquka amanye amachiza asetyenziswa zomzimba. Bona, ndayihluthwa uvakalelo le receptor. Ukuba kuthiwa buso, kwaye intshukumo ye ingapheleli zabo.