Yintoni orthoepy? Yiyiphi imigaqo nemithetho?

Xa athe umntu ohleli ngenkxola phezu kwetafile okanye kwikhompyutha ngenjongo ukubhala into, yena ucinga kubhala ngayo le nto okanye loo ncwadi, ukubeka iziphumlisi. Kwintetho ngomlomo, nathi ngokuqhelekileyo Yobeka phi thalele yokubiza amagama, ngenxa yesizathu esibalulekileyo. Science ojongene upelo emisiweyo amagama athile, ebizwa nopelo (ukusuka Greek - "upelo"), kunye ingqeqesho efanayo intetho - Orthoepy (in translation - 'ukuthetha'). Ukuze uqonde into orthoepy kufuneka sinengcamango yokuba imithetho yayo ezisisiseko kunye nemigaqo. Yiba orthoepy abanezakhono ezibalulekileyo, ingakumbi kwicandelo loshishino, amajelo eendaba, ngokunjalo ukwenza uluvo komntu okrelekrele.

nezendawo

Nezendawo ebizwa umahluko inkqubo ulwimi olunye. Aba umahluko ezikhethekileyo ehlabathini nefonetiki, isigama, kwezivakalisi, igrama, kunye neminye imiba ulwimi, kunye nawabucala. Kakade ke, ukuba asidli ayisekho nokuphuhlisa enye kuphela inguqulelo ulwimi. kuvela nezendawo ngenxa yokuba abantu abahlala kwiingingqi ezahlukeneyo, kodwa ukuthetha ulwimi olufanayo, kuxhomekeke kwiimpembelelo ezahlukeneyo iilwimi evela kubamelwane, abafuduki, njl Yintoni orthoepy zomthonyama, kube lula ukuqonda yimizekelo: khumbula ukuthamba "g" lidla wenza kwi Kuban - ifuthe Ukrainian, okanye "ileta ileta" pronunciation of St. Petersburg - yoko abantu abaninzi kakhulu imfundo.

ulimi Russian

ERashiya, njengokuba kwenye, kukho inani elikhulu kunye ezahlukeneyo neziyelelane. bona zihlelwa iintlobo kunye ohlobo! Eyona idumileyo - ukuba mhlawumbi Vologda kunye Kuban. intetho uncwadi kuthathwa amagama, aqhelekileyo eSt Petersburg eMoscow.

Imithetho esisiseko ye-Russian orthoepy ulwimi

a) emangalisa. Consonants ngolwimi Russian amaxesha ingxolo (okt abazizithulu ngokupheleleyo) ngaphambi kokuba enengxolo nasekupheleni zelizwi. Imizekelo: Umngundo kwi ilizwi kuthiwa "n", ngoxa ubhale "b" (ekupheleni igama);

b) phambi sonants, iminxeba kunye izikhamiso, kwakunye ekuqaleni kweli gama izandi ngamanye amaxesha ozvonchayutsya ( 'c' yelizwi likaThixo, nceda).

Pronunciation lwezikhamiso ziqwalaselwe zodwa, ekubeni ke ezahlukeneyo kakhulu iziyelelane ezahlukeneyo:

a) Akan - na inguqu kwi "o", "size" kwindawo unstressed. Isenzeko esahlukileyo - Ocaña - eziqhelekileyo Vologda kunye nezinye iziyelelane emantla (umzekelo, sithi "njengempahla" endaweni "ubisi");

b) Icahn - "e" is kuguquka 'yaye' kwindawo unstressed (sithetha vIlikan, hayi giant).

c) ukuncipha - oko kukuthi, ukuncitshiswa lwezikhamiso ngo-za- okanye doudarnyh izikhundla, oko kukuthi ngokukhawuleza kwaye Ndayishwabanisa amagama. A umahluko ocacileyo ukuba amnqande okanye Icahn, hayi apha. Sinako bagcine kuphela ezabo ukuba ezinye zikhamiso Sithetha ixesha elide ngaphezu enye (marmalade: yokugqibela "a" xa ukuphulaphula, uthethe ixesha elide ngaphezu kweyokuqala).

Yintoni orthoepy iilwimi ezahlukeneyo?

Ulwimi Russian eqhelekileyo upelo morphological - oko kukuthi ngokufanayo kuyo yonke inkqubo morpheme Ukuveliswa (ngaphandle - le alternation kwi iingcambu kunye nokubhala 's' emva kokuba consoles kwi ngeqabane). E Belarus efanayo, umzekelo, inkqubo phonetic: ukuba indlela - nokubhala. Ngoko ke, ukuba besikolo Belarusian ukuqonda oko orthoepy, kulula kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu okuninzi. Okanye, umzekelo, kwezinye iilwimi (Finnish, Turkish), amagama kakhulu, elide kakhulu - onokuzixela izikhamiso ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ngazwi linye, akunakwenzeka. Ngenxa yoko, zonke izikhamiso zilungiselelwe phantsi omnye - kukothuka. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, lo mgaqo badlula ngencwadi ebhaliweyo.

intetho Right

Ukuze ufunde kwaye ukusoloko sisebenzisa nemigangatho ulwimi zoncwadi kuba nzima ngaphezu ukubhala ngokuchanekileyo, kodwa, nangona kunjalo, eli khono - enye yezinto ezibalulekileyo ukuze umntu okrelekrele.