Yintoni na ixesha? Iyintoni na intsingiselo ixesha lethu?

Yintoni na ixesha? Eli lokuphumla ixesha elimiselwe iinjongo maxesha okanye mbali. Concepts ezi esiqaphelekayo ezifanayo, ubudala, ixesha sakulum, Eon (aion Greek) nesiSanskriti nomzantsi.

Yintoni na ixesha?

Eli gama lisetyenziswa kunye xesha ngo-1615 ize iguqulelwe kwi-Latin "aera" uthetha xesha, nto leyo kulinganiswa ixesha. Ukusetyenziswa kwale kota-maxesha yaqala ngeenxa kwenkulungwane yesihlanu, ngexesha amaVisigoth eSpeyin, apho livela khona ibali Isidore waseSeville. Emva koko, imibhalo kamva. era Spanish ibalwa '38 BC. Kanye ubudala, ekuqaleni ingqiqo kwathetha isiqalo kwinkulungwane.

Ukusetyenziswa Imbali

Yintoni na le era kwimbali? Kucingwa inqanaba eliphezulu lombutho kuba ixesha womlinganiselo. Le khalenda ibonisa ixesha nexesha eziqaphelekayo, ukususela ngomhla othile, nto leyo edla uphawula ukuqala ekwinqanaba ethile yezopolitiko, kwakuphela ulawulo. Oku kungaba ukuzalwa yinkokheli okanye ezinye zembali okanye wentsomi isiganeko esibalulekileyo.

era neznye

In ezinkulu-isikali zenzululwazi zendalo, kukho imfuneko ngendlela eyahlukileyo ixesha, elizimeleyo zezinto ezenziwa luluntu, yaye Eneneni ichaza ixesha elide kakhulu (ikakhulu kokubhalwa kwembali) apho era nokwakheka libhekisela kwixesha ngamathuba kakuhle echazwe. division ngakumbi ngexesha zomhlaba - aeon. Le Eon Phanerozoic yahlulwe zaphawula. Okwangoku kukho eneminyaka emithathu ezichazwe kwi Phanerozoic. It Cenozoic, Mesozoic ziwayo Paleozoic. AbaDala Proterozoic kunye eons Archean ahlulwe sebebadala.

era ukwakheka and calendrical

Kuba ngamaxesha kwimbali iphela, ibinzana elithi "nguva yin'wana" kudla kungcono ukuba i "kwixesha", nangona la magama interchangeable. era Ikhalenda ibalwa iminyaka ngaphakathi imihla ethile. Amaxesha amaninzi ezinokubaluleka yonqulo. Ngokubhekiselele AD, kucingwa ukuba kwexesha lawula kunye ukuzalwa kukaYesu Kristu. Le khalenda Islamic, nayo leyo ineenketho elibalayo iminyaka ukusuka Hijra, okanye ukufuduka Islamic umprofeti Muhammad ukusuka eMecca ukuya Medina, owenzeka ngowama 622 BCE

Ngeli xesha - ukususela 1872 de Second World War - i yaseJapan baye basebenzisa inkqubo konyaka komlawuli ukusuka kwixesha xa edume uMlawuli UJimmy wasungula Japan. Kwaba ngo-660 BC. ikhalenda abaninzi Buddhist zibalwa ukusuka ukufa Buddha, leyo, ngokutsho izibalo kusetyenziswa kakhulu ngokuqhelekileyo senzeka kwiminyaka 545-543. BC. e. Okunye ikhalenda zaphawula nifudula uphumayo iziganeko zezopolitiko. Ezi, umzekelo, ubudala kaSeleucus kunye umphathi ongumRoma, ongumsunguli ukususela kumhla ekusekweni esi sixeko.

Century kanye ixesha

Igama elithi "Ixesha" ibhekisela kwiiyunithi ezisetyenziswa kwezinye nkqubo, engenasizathu ngakumbi apho ixesha na kumanqwanqwa okuqhubeka engenasiphelo kunye nonyaka omnye ingxelo, kodwa ibloko nganye entsha iqala ngefreyim entsha reference, ngokungathi ixesha iqala kwakhona. Ukusetyenziswa iminyaka eyahlukeneyo - inkqubo kakhulu engenakwenzeka, kwaye basem- - umsebenzi onzima. Xa kungekho maxesha enye imbali, kubonakala ukuba ubukho ebomini uluNtu umlawuli ngokupheleleyo iindawo ezininzi mandulo. amasiko Maxa wambi ezo lokuzibona amandla ezopolitiko setrone apho, yaye nokuba kusekelwa iziganeko wentsomi okanye iirula, ngubani na nkqu khona.

Yintoni na ubudala ngexesha? Ngaba ezi ngcamango zisetyenziswe ngendlela efanayo? Ubudala - akunyanzelekanga ukuba iminyaka eli-100, nangenye indlela, kusenokuba iinkulungwane eziliqela, okanye uzenze isibini amashumi eminyaka. Umzekelo, ibhodi nawuphi na umlawuli ngazo kwimbali "Golden Age", kodwa oku akuthethi ukuba walawula kanye 100 iminyaka. Ngoko ke, lo umda kwinkulungwane unako zinokohluka ngamini-nye yaye kwelinye icala. E East Asia, ubukumkani umlawuli ngamnye angohlulwa izihlandlo eziliqela karhulumente, nganye ithathwa njenge kwixesha elitsha.

Ixesha of historiography

ERA zingasetyenziswa ukubonisa ichazwe ngokucacileyo mbali ixesha, umz, ongumRoma, yeVictorian njalo njalo. ixesha amabali kanye ziquka leSoviet. Nakule umculo othandwayo mihla sikwakhupha amaxesha zabo, ezifana lolawulo disco.

izimvo ezahlukeneyo

Yintoni era ngendlela eyahlukileyo? Sinikela kakhulu eqhelekileyo:

1. ixesha inkqubo ngokuthi amanani iminyaka ukusuka ethile isiganeko esibalulekileyo okanye kwingongoma ethile kwexesha (kwexesha lamaKristu).
2. Umcimbi okanye umhla esiphawula ukuqala ixesha elitsha kwaye ezibalulekileyo ezimbalini (Renaissance).
3. Ixesha Ixesha kuqwalaselwa ngokwemiqathango iziganeko ezimangalisayo yaye uphawu, amaqela (inkqubela ixesha).
4. Ukusuka kwindawo wejoloji lwembono, ixesha uchaza ixesha elimisiweyo ukususela ekudalweni kwendalo yoMhlaba kunye nexesha lethu. Eli candelo inkulu ngokulandelelana (era Paleozoic).

Yintoni na ixesha elitsha?

lwezizwana ezahlukahlukeneyo ukuba ubalo lwabo. ekuqaleni yemveli ixesha lethu ithathwa ukuzalwa kukaYesu Kristu, eli xesha kanye echazwa yi upopu. Ngenxa yoko, ixesha lethu kwakhona kucingelwa ukuba ngumKristu, imbeko ngunozala imfundiso entsha yonqulo - ubuKristu. Ngaphambi kule maxesha lwenziwa ngokungqinelana khalenda Yuliya Tsezarya.

December 25 uthathwa yiholide ebalulekileyo kumazwe amaninzi ehlabathini lonke. Le yimini xa "nguNyana kaThixo" wazalwa. Ukususela ngoko, bathi: "Le unyaka phambi kokuba (BC) okanye emva kokuzalwa kukaKrestu" (AD). Umhla ukuqala omtsha wavunywa yi Tsar Peter I, yaye emva kowe-31 Disemba 7208 unyaka isiseko yebhayibhile kwehlabathi kuza January 1, 1700 emva kokuzalwa kukaKristu. Abantu balandele eli maxesha, kwaye bayibiza entsha, okanye ixesha lethu.