Yintoni iziko? Planetarium eMoscow. Observatory le Moscow Planetarium

Ngaba uyayazi into a Planetarium? Mhlawumbi ewe, kodwa mhlawumbi hayi zonke, ngoko qiniseka ukuba ukufunda izinto inqaku. Planetarium ebizwa isixhobo enombala, nto leyo efunekayo ukuze ezayo imifanekiso iinkwenkwezi, langa, ilanga kunye nezinye imizimba yasezulwini. Ngelo xesha wabona ukukhanya, indawo kunye nentshukumo necala. Inokuba nokuzala umfanekiso zezulu njengoko kubonakala ukusuka naphi Emhlabeni, njengoko kwixesha elidlulileyo nelizayo. Leyo ke umatshini mini-ixesha. Esi sixhobo kufuneka ngeenkwenkwezi zophando, kodwa kungcono kakhulu kunene ngathi townsfolk eziqhelekileyo, abanomdla iimfihlelo iphela. Ngaphandle nje ukuba iziko enjalo, abantu badla engqondweni kanye igumbi amajukujuku hemispherical, nto leyo ifakelwe kwaye iyasebenza le mveliso, okanye yonke isakhiwo.

History of indalo

Lenza emva ihlabathi lamandulo, izixhobo sokuqala isifundo leminyele ogcwele asusela malunga ngenkulungwane yesi-6 BC. Abantu abazange yazini oko iziko, kodwa wazama ukwenza imodeli iphela, kwaye ukulandela imithetho yayo ekhoyo. Ngokomzekelo, ababephila ngaphambi uSocrates sobulumko Anaksimandr wasungula wonke yasezulwini, apho imifanekiso imizimba yasezulwini elahlwe kumphezulu wayo. Kamva, le isixhobo akuxhomekekanga nje kuphuculwe zizazinzulu ezahlukeneyo, kodwa babelane ethile omnye - zazimele isibhakabhaka, ulijonga ngaphandle.

Lizama ukulungisa izazinzulu German ikhokelwa ngu A. Oleary, ngo-1650. Bathi umfuziselo umhlaba omkhulu Gottorp, apho abantu abaninzi bakwazi ukubona ezikuyo imizimba yasezulwini. Ngaxeshanye waya ubuncinane uphuhliso olukhawulezayo kwisixhobo, leyo ubala intshukumo yabo. Ekugqibeleni, ngo-1855, ihlabathi yenzululwazi bafunda ntoni a iziko. O. Miller wacebisa ukuba project umfanekiso yakhe imizimba yasezulwini ukusetyenziswa kumphezulu lwangaphakathi kwisigaba. Size, ukukhanya kunye nendawo iinkwenkwezi iyafana oko kubonwe ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ngokukhanya (leyo lalingekafiki) esibhakabhakeni. Le ifilimu thaca kwi zentshukumo, okt wabonisa eshukumayo diurnal.

ezikhoyo ngoku

Namhlanje, izinto zitshintshile. Kufuneka ukufikelela ngezibonakude ezinamandla, Hewana aya kuthi gqolo kuzisasaza ngqo ezi ukurekhodwa zezulu kufutshane. Kuyinto le data ezashicelelwayo nezathi koko kusasazwa phezu kwawo. Oku kudala embonweni enamandla kwindawo evulekileyo-moya. Ukongeza, ubugcisa bale mihla angaba umbono umculo orekhodiweyo ilizwi-over, kwakunye neziphumo ezizodwa. Ngoko Planetarium yabuya ibe wokwenene yokubonela ukuba nje kuphela ukufundisa, kodwa kunika ithuba namava okumangalisayo adventure.

Planetarium eMoscow

Bona uyazingca Russia. Yeyona indala kweli lizwe kwaye yaziwa kulo lonke ihlabathi ngenxa ubukhulu. Wayo umsebenzi ebesoloko kakhulu yi zizazinzulu. Wenza igalelo elikhulu kuqeqesho lweengcali kwaye yenza kube lula ukwenza ezahlukeneyo izifundo.

Planetarium eMoscow ufanelwe ingqalelo kuphela phakathi kwabantu enxulumene kunye nenzululwazi. Iindwendwe zesiqhelo apha rhoqo ngakumbi, kuba ayikho enye uya kubona iinkwenkwezi kufutshane kangaka. Namhlanje, uthotho yonke ukhenketho eyonwabisayo kunye zemfundo, nto leyo eza kuba kuzo zombini abadala kunye nabantwana umdla. Isebenzisa Big Star Hall, suzey Urania, interactive "Lunarium". Ukongeza, kukho iinqaba amabini Observatory, 4D cinema kunye neHolo Small Star. Oko kwanele ukuba axhamle kusicima ezininzi obufihlakeleyo kweenkwenkwezi kwaye bafumane ulwazi olutsha kumnyele wethu.

Museum Urania

Oku museum uya ngakumbi umdla abadala. Enyanisweni, ibonisa uphuhliso ngeenkwenkwezi. Ifunyanwa phantsi uphahla imodeli iinqanawa, kwaye ngasezindongeni yabamba iimatshini oko ngaphambili, esibanekile esibhakabhakeni ngumntu kwezi ezindongeni. Kuya kuba umdla ukukhangela izixhobo kuqala, ukuze wenze umboniso malunga yonke yokuqala. Uyakwazi ukubona nakwiinkwenkwezi umhlaba kunye nesakhiwo Venus. Ezindongeni ukuxhoma imifanekiso kweNyanga, amafu, namakroza. Kukho kwakhona umnquba rocks indawo, apho ubona ezahlukahlukeneyo awe esibhakabhakeni.

Big Star Hall

Oku zombini yemiboniso bhanya kunye imyuziyam obungaqhelekanga. Wangena, ubona amajukujuku enkulu (ubukhulu-25 eemitha) kunye nobuninzi lezihlalo. Xa iziko lusisisekelo ngokwayo, iqhayiya yokuveliswa izazi basekuhlaleni, isizukulwana iprojektha yakutshanje. Ngenxa it ungenza ukwenza ebezityalwe kwi ukuya imihlaba ezingaziwayo. Okulandelayo, iindwendwe bacelwa ukuba ukudlulisela isihlalo ngokuxwesileyo, naphantsi kwawo leenkwenkwezi sebeqala phemba. Le nkqubo iqulathe iinxalenye ezimbini, eyokuqala wazisa nesibhakabhaka esimnyama, namakroza ezinkulu, amafu, enomsila. Okwesibini - olu hambo luvuyisayo kwenye ehlabathini, omnye bhanya polnokupolnyh "yokungqubana cosmic", "imingxuma emnyama," "Amazing Telescope", "uhambo ukuya Stars." Umfanekiso phantsi kwawo zincediswe neziphumo ezizodwa kunye nesandi.

Observatory le Moscow Planetarium

Ngokuqhelekileyo ndiza apha emva kokutyelela iholo Grand ogcwele. Kuya kufuneka ukuba behle baye ngumphakamo wesibini imyuziyam, kwaye ufikelelo ngqo Park esibhakabhakeni. Oku kwakhona uhlobo lwembali, ogama imiboniso abavela kwiindawo zilandelayo: ngeenkwenkwezi bamandulo yamandulo. Kwisayithi uya kukwazi ukubona Stonehenge, umhlaba bomhlaba ubukhulu amakhulu kunye neemodeli eziliqela phantse ulibele lelanga.

Okulandelayo, indlela yakho abalekele komnye ezinde ezimbini. Le enkulu kunye Observatory omncinane Moscow Planetarium. Bona elise ummandla astroploschadki, kuquka ikopi Stonehenge, iiphiramidi kunye sika. Eli bali-emibini isakhiwo angqukuva. Kumgangatho wesibini, kwisakhiwo eliphangaleleyo, ibekwe 300 mm Array. It ngamagqabantshintshi kumbhobho umlenze zamafu. Kuba ukusebenza Dome wabuye kwicala elifanelekileyo. Uyilo ivumela ukuba kuvulelwa kuyo nayiphi isidanga elifunekayo, kangangokuba ukuziphatha lokuqaphela Kulula kakhulu. Qiniseka ukuba uye apha, ukuba isigqibo ukutyelela iziko. Observatory igcina uluvo ezikhanya.

Igumbi lokugqibela - "Lunarium"

Okunye ngqo, ukuba amagumbi amabini. Bona babonisa ukuba iziko enjalo abantwana. Kukho izixhobo, eziqhelekileyo kuthi kokuqhubekileyo physics, zinceda nombono iziganeko ezahlukeneyo zendalo. Onke unako ukuchukumisa, twist, ujingi. Ngokomzekelo, umoya ampontshwe ngaphandle ukusuka iselwa, ukudala emoyeni kwaye sibone ukuba fly ngayo ibhola. Isebenzisa Izikhokelo eziliqela ezicacisa ukusebenza izixhobo kunye neziphumo, kwakunye intetho malunga iimpawu wezijikelezi-langa. Kukho izixhobo ebonisa plasma okanye uhambo omkhenkce owomileyo. A nomdla inkulu lo mshini, apho ukuphuhlisa izakhono wenqanawa compound nesikhululo isithuba. Kwiholo ephantsi uya kufumana inani elikhulu zezixhobo umdla.

Siye sifunde nesibhakabhaka esimnyama ekhaya

Ukuze wenze oku, namhlanje kukho iintlobo izixhobo, ezo zibizwa ngokuba "iziko ekhaya." Zahluke ngobukhulu, amandla kunye imithwalo ezisebenzayo. Kodwa ukuba umgaqo - umatshini ethumela umfanekiso ukuya eluphahleni esibhakabhakeni. Imifanekiso elula kusenokwenzeka isibane, kodwa umsebenzi olongezelelweyo ke ezayo umfanekiso ogcwele. Umfuziselo ezibiza kakhulu, kokukhona inani imifanekiso ngayo ukuzala. Cinga nje indlela ngokuhlwa elimangalisayo ilele nosana lwakhe, kwaye masithi ukuba bayahamba uhambo, ezifana kweAndromeda fu. Iincwadi kunye iintsomi ixesha elide akufuneki, kuba unako ixesha ngalinye ukubhala ezabo, kodwa iziko ekhaya kuya kukunceda.

Esi iziko kwisixeko

Asingabo bonke unethamsanqa elaneleyo ukuba ukuphila kwisixeko apho kukho indawo yo hlamarisa. Ngako oko, a mobile iziko lamiswa. Olu qambo emangalisayo iza nowokuchwayita izifundo uyadika ngeenkwenkwezi, ebenza ibonakale kwaye inemibalabala. Lo amajukujuku sawa, ekulula ukuba kumiswe kwiholo. Ngaphakathi kuyo kubekwa phezu koonyana ukhuko, kunye umlingo iqala. Phezu yangaphakathi komhlaba, Uya kubona uqikelelo zasezulwini izidumbu. Imiboniso bhanya-bhanya kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa iziphumo okubonakalayo nomsindo. Ulwazi lunikezelwa ngendlela efikelelekayo, kufuneka ekhasethini, aguqulelwe abantwana ukusuka kwiminyaka emi-3 ukuya kwi-18. Ezi klasi zahluke kakhulu kwizifundo esikolweni rhoqo okanye ukufunda izinto iincwadi zezifundo. Eli lithuba lokuphila ngathi yasemajukujukwini ukuze asinde.