Yintoni ingozi zemisebenzi? Ukuhlelwa yoluhlu

Eziyingozi kubantu ukuba yonke. Nditsho zokusebenzela eqhelekileyo abaqeshwa abachatshazelwe zizinto ezimbi, ezifana esebenza ngekhompyutha, okanye ixesha elide ehleli. Yintoni ingozi zemisebenzi? Oku emibi abajongene nazo abasebenzi kwamashishini.

definition

umsebenzi izityalo ezininzi kunye neefektri linxulumene ifuthe abasebenzi iimeko ezimbi. mathuba eziyingozi yingozi zisoloko zihlobene. Yintoni kuyingozi ngumba imveliso? Ezi zinto ngenxa apho kuguga impilo yomntu okanye kukho ukwenzakala. Kwicandelo lezoshishino kunye nemiqathango enjalo aphela rhoqo nazo.

Yintoni ingozi zemisebenzi? Oku kuquka nefuthe elibi, ekhokelela zizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo. Bona babe igama izifo emsebenzini. iimeko eziyingozi zokusebenza kunye neengozi omsebenzi ziyafana. Khumbula ukuba imida phakathi kwala magama olunemiqathango. Kwindawo eyodwa iingozi ibe yingozi. Umzekelo, ukufuma eliphezulu ingqalelo imeko engafunekiyo, iba unobangela zizifo ngezifo zemiphunga. Xa umntu osebenza kuloo meko kunye umsinga wombane, oko kuyingozi.

ngezigaba

Kukho ukuhlelwa iingozi emsebenzini, ngenxa yokuba imvelaphi ezahlukeneyo. Kuyenzeka ukuba amashishini kuvela iimeko ezimbi ngenxa ncwadana. Le nkundla kuyimfuneko ukuba baqwalasele izidumbu lokuhlolwa. Ukuba inkampani iye iingozi, kuyimfuneko ukuba athathe amanyathelo ukuze kuncitshiswe ifuthe lazo abantu.

Kukho kucalulo izinto eziyingozi. It ikuvumela ukuba ukusasaza ukuba:

• ngokomzimba;
• chemical;
• begazi;
• psychophysiological.

Olu luhlu ngemisebenzi eziyingozi kunye yingozi kumashishini ezininzi. Konke oku kuba nefuthe elibi ebantwini, nto leyo echaphazela impilo yabo. Yintoni na iingozi zomsebenzi, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ezi ngcamango? Oku nemiphumo eyingozi kwimpilo ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwasengqondweni. Akukho ukwahlukana phakathi iimeko ezinobungozi kunye yingozi. Kuyinto olunemiqathango.

izinto chemical Iyingozi

Yintoni na imibandela eyingozi kwimveliso? Le nefuthe elibi kokusingqongileyo ngenxa kwiinkqubo zobugcisa. Amaxesha amaninzi oku nazo ku:

• processing iinkcukacha indlela kwemichiza;
• Lichaza izixhobo;
• welding;
• iinkqubo isicelo Ipeyinti anticorrosive;
• Metal Processing.

Ukuba enze ezi ntlobo zemisebenzi, imbonakalo components eziyingozi akunakuphepheka. Kodwa imfundo yabo eliluqilima unobangela-zokungathotyelwa okanye ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zobugcisa.

izinto ezibonakalayo

Kwimveliso kuba nzima ukuba siphephe yempembelelo yezinto ezininzi. Abo ezizodwa ziquka:

• lobushushu, ukufuma, radiation;
• emasimini umoya;
• laser nemitha cuke;
• lokungcangcazela;
• ingxolo olunamandla;
• ukukhanyisa;
• sesichengeni eluthulini ulwelo;
• icala umoya;
• iindawo izixhobo zokusebenza.

Ukwazi izinto eziyingozi kukodwa akusayi kusa ingozi umntu ukuba le nto ixesha elide. Kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo abasebenzi baphenjelelwa ngabo ixesha elide, kaloku ke, ukuba zidla ngokuba iintlobo ezimbalwa, ngenxa yoko, iziphumo zibe uvalo.

Isiphumo ingxolo yabantu

Zeziphi izinto eziyingozi imveliso ziye kwimveliso? Kukho ezininzi, enye yezinto ezibalulekileyo ntswahla. Nguye kuzo zonke iivenkile apho izixhobo ezisebenza. Ngenxa isixhobo esisebenza rhoqo kweli gumbi ingxolo kakhulu. Ukuba umntu osoloko kuya kuchaphazela ezo zinto, kuya kuchaphazela kakubi impilo yakhe. umsindo ibangela yintloko, pressurization, ukungase-.

Ezi zinto zinefuthe ukusebenza lehla ingqalelo ukubonakala ukudinwa. Yaye kube ngunobangela iingozi. Leaders kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa inqanaba elamkelekileyo ingxolo, ukuze ungabinako ichaphazele nempilo yabaqeshwa.

Ukulungiselela le njongo:

• silencers;
• izixhobo siqu;
• soundproofing kwiindawo ezinengxolo;
• Imihombiso aphezulu izinto.

Aba basebenzi amanyathelo Imveliso iya kuba bume ngakumbi. Oku kunciphisa amathuba iingozi, kwakunye nezinye iziphumo ezibi.

Impembelelo ye lokungcangcazela kunye nokupheliswa kwayo

Lokufaka izinto eziyingozi ziquka lokungcangcazela. Yahlulahlulwe yaba ngokweendidi eziliqela:

• indlela transmission - jikelele beengingqi;
• ngakulo - nkqo nkqo;
• ixesha exposure - kunye nexesha rhoqo.

Ngenxa impembelelo rhoqo le nto iye isihla ngokomgangatho hayi kuphela luvo, kodwa kwinkqubo musculoskeletal, le analyzers. Abasebenzi kufuneka asebenze rhoqo kwimeko enjalo, ezikhala intlungu entloko, isiyezi, ukugula motion. Kwaye ukuba kunjalo ezichaphazela ukufuma, iqondo eliphezulu nengxolo, kungenxa yoko lokungcangcazela nto ziyanyuswa nefuthe elibi.

Ukuphelisa ezi zinto eziyingozi imveliso emsebenzini, ungasebenzisa:

• replacement kwizixhobo zeteknoloji;
• Ipeyinti ethambileyo asetyenziswa eshukuma ndawo;
• ufakelo isiseko esiqinileyo siyawazi.

Ukuboniswa kwiiarhente zeekhemikhali

Amacandelo yale hlobo zahlulwe ngokweendidi eziliqela.

Ngeziphumo empilweni yabantu zezi:

• ukusebenza yityhefu kwi yonke ephilayo, umzekelo, carbon monoxide, mercury phila;
• Into etyabulayo, bachaphazela inwebu yangaphakathi (acetone, chlorine, kwenitrojeni);
• umhlaza, akhiwa iiseli umhlaza chromium oxide, beryllium;
• allergenic;
• mutagenic, kusenokukhokelela kwiinguqu kwi DNA iiseli;
• kuchaphazela umsebenzi okuzala.

Bangena emzimbeni:

• isixokelelwano sokuphefumla;
• zesisu;
• isikhumba kunye ngenwebu yangaphakathi.

, Imiba yemveliso eziyingozi emsebenzini zineziphumo ezahlukileyo abantu. Ngenxa yesi sizathu ababiwa:

• kakhulu yingozi;
• kakhulu yingozi;
• ngokulinganisela yingozi;
• ingozi ephantsi.

Ukuba izixhobo ezisetyenziswa ngamashishini, abasebenzi abayi kuchaphazeleka ziimeko ezimbi. Oku kunciphisa ingozi yempilo enkenenkene.

imiba yabasebenzi

izinto Psychophysiological ziquka ubungqongqo iimeko zokusebenza kunye neengxaki zawo. umsebenzi onzima lubandakanya:

• ubunzima obukhulu phezu intliziyo, imithambo yegazi, musculoskeletal kunye neenkqubo zemigudu;
• ubungakanani umthwalo static;
• inani kwezindululo kokuphindaphinda;
• isixa impahla umele aphakanyiswe;
• lubeka abasebenzi emsebenzini.

umthwalo Tension ithathwa luvo, izitho. Oku kuquka umsebenzi yengqondo eqhubekayo, i usenza intw lweenkqubo, umthwalo kwinqanaba ngokweemvakalelo. Zonke ezi zinto zichaphazela abantu abaninzi, kodwa shiyana.

Isiphumo zizinto eziyingozi kwi abantu

lweshishini ngalinye ukunika imo engqongileyo evumayo kubasebenzi imiqathango efanelekileyo kufuneka zidalwe. Oku kuqala ibhekisa umoya ococekileyo emsebenzini. imibutho Sanitation ukwabelana izinto eziyingozi kwi kumacandelo imichiza kunye nothuli mveliso.

Eyokuqala yahlulwe:

• yonakalisa;
• zinambuzane;
• imithi;
• iikhemikhali indlu;
• izakhi ezinetyhefu.

Uthuli ingxaki entsimini kwemigodi, yokunyibilikisa isinyithi, ngezobunjineli, ezolimo. ifuthe layo ezigxekayo kubonakala kwinto yokuba iphuhlise isifo miphungeni. izinto ezininzi ezimbi ezichaphazela ishishini ngalinye kubasebenzi. Kungenxa yale software ukhuseleko ebalulekileyo sphere kwimveliso.

Indlela yokukhusela ezingozini?

Nokuba iimfuno eziyimfuneko nangoku awukwazi ukufumana ilungelo neemeko zokusebenza. Oku abukhange bufikelelwe ngenxa yeenkqubo zobuchwepheshe, iimveliso nezinto ekrwada. Ukhuseleko ngokuchasene izinto ezimbi kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba iintloko eentlangano.

Umsebenzi kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa le migaqo ilandelayo:

• ukuphelisa iingozi okanye ukunciphisa ingozi igalelo layo;
• usebenzisa iindlela ezikhuselekileyo zomsebenzi;
• ukuphunyezwa amanyathelo ukuphelisa izinto ezimbi;
• isicelo amayeza.

Kudla ukuba amanyathelo abazange baqinisekise ngokupheleleyo ukhuseleko kweemeko zokusebenza. Kule meko, sebenzisa ka-PPE. Eyona ethandwayo ezi ziquka:

• Imali evela lokungcangcazela. Ngenxa enokuba loo ukhuseleko kunciphisa ukusebenza zabasebenzi, kufuneka uthathe ikhefu rhoqo.
• ingxolo ane. Kodwa angafundisi ukukwazi uhambe, negalelo ukuvela yintloko.
• Respirators kunye iimaski negesi. Long besebenza ebaphazamisayo, ngoko kufuneka sisebenzise iindlela ezizezinye.

PPE ukunciphisa ifuthe zizinto ezimbi, kodwa yingozi ukuba omnye umntu. Ngoko ke, kufuneka isetyenziswe kuphela injongo eyenzelwe yona.

ukuphepha

imithetho Safety ziyafuneka ukukhusela ifuthe elibi yeemeko kwi imeko yoluntu. Ngoko ke, lo imveliso uthathwa ukuba umthambo mandatory kuqeqesho lokhuseleko. Ezi nkqubo kufuneka zibhalwe log kunye iisiginitsha abantu abafanelekileyo kunye nabasebenzi.

Kukho iindidi eziliqela umsebenzi onjalo:

• umyalelo isingeniso. Oku kwenziwe ngaphambi kokuba umntu ukuba asebenze. Isiganeko inyanzelekile kubo bonke, kungakhathaliseki isigxina, aphezulu kunye nobudala babo.
• Primary. Ezaziqhutyelwe emsebenzini, lo mcimbi yinkosi okanye yisuphavayiza yakhe.
• Ophindwe. Oku qho kwiinyanga ezi-6 eqhutywa ngomqeshwa ngamnye.
• Ezingacwangciswanga. Luqhutywa utshintsho kumsebenzi imithetho, xa uthenga isixhobo, ekuchongeni ukunyhashwa, emva kwekhefu.

Ukuziqhelisa, hayi onke amashishini yalela. Amaxesha amaninzi, abasebenzi zinika Imagazini iilebhile loo mcimbi. Oku kuphula. Ukhuseleko lweshishini kuxhomekeke kumsebenzi kweenkokeli.

umthwalo

Ngokuqhelekileyo, imibutho kufuneka abantu abanoxanduva ezempilo kunye nokhuseleko. Ilawula ukhuseleko. Ukuba kuphambuka ibhaqwe kulo mmiselo, ekufuneka iqulathe emsebenzini, ukuba uxanduva. Oku kubhaliweyo emyalelweni. Isohlwayo yeyokulawula, lolwaphulo-mthetho, oluleko.

Ulawulo kunye namagunya zokwalusa ukubeka izohlwayo umntu onoxanduva ngokohlobo ukugxothwa, lokululeka, isohlwayo. Ukuba kukho naziphi na ukunyhashwa ezinzulu, umntu onoxanduva isohlwayo, ukungakwazi ukwenza izinto, abasebenzi okulungisa kunye nokuvalelwa entolongweni.

Eyona njongo iphambili yale nkampani kukuba ibe ekhuselekileyo. Kuphela ukuba ziyathotyelwa, sinako ukuphucula ukusebenza umsebenzi, nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle abasebenzi.