Yintoni i-Pluto? Umoya wePluto: ukwakheka

Umoya wePluto yinkqonkqo yendalo engummangaliso yeSolar System. Okokuqala, kuba kuthiwa ihlanjululwe ebusweni, ihlukaniswe ngophulo. Ezinye zeengqungquthela zalo zifikelela kwiCharron. Okwesibini, ubuninzi bayo buninzi bamaxesha amaninzi ngaphezu kobunzima bomhlaba. Hayi, iigesi ezibandakanya kuyo, alas, azifanelekanga kuluntu. Okwesithathu, umoya weplanethi iPluto yinto eguqukayo. Ngenxa yokuxinwa kwayo kunye nobunzima, iyakwazi ukufudumala kwizinto ezibizwa ngokuthi "ihlobo" kwiplanethi. Ukuba ezi zinto kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi ezenzeka kwiPluto, unomdla, sincoma ukuba siphumelele kwilizwe lakhe.

Kuphi ukukhangela iplanethi yesithoba?

I-Pluto yinto yesithoba ephuma kwiLanga, eliloluhlu lweeplanethi ezinzulu ze- SS. Ngokwenene ngekhulu leminyaka edluleyo, wayehlala kwindawo ehloniphekileyo yeplanethi ekude kakhulu kwiinkwenkwezi zethu. Kamva kwafumanisa ukuba into iyinxalenye yebhande le-Kuiper, kwaye kwiiparitha zayo zizithulu zingaphantsi kwezinye ieplanethi ezilwanyana ezikulo ndoda ye-asteroid. Ukujikeleza kwePluto yona mkhulu kwinkqubo yethu, ngoko ukuguqulwa okupheleleyo malunga neLanga apha kudala iminyaka engama-248 ehlabathini. Ngexesha lethu, izazi zeenkwenkwezi zinethuba lokugcina ihlobo lasePlutonian. Eli qiniso liqinisekile kukuba iplanethi isondelene neLanga ngokunokwenzeka, ibonakala ngokucacileyo kwii-telescopes. Umoya wePluto uphambili kakhulu ngeli xesha. Ekuqaleni, ubukho balo babonakaliswa ngolu hlobo, kodwa kamva kwakunokwenzeka ukuqwalasela igobolondo lomoya ngokubonga kwii-optics.

Ukuvula i-Atmosphere

I-Pluto yona yafunyanwa kakhulu kutshanje-ngo-1930. Wayebhalwa njengento yesithoba yesigxina se-SS kwaye wayemkhohlwa malunga nexeshana. Ngama-1980, ukugqalwa kweplanethi yaqala kwakhona. Uninzi lweemifanekiso zithathwe ngoncedo lwe-telescope yeHubble, eyasityhilela iimfihlelo zezulu. Ngo-1985, umoya wePluto wafunyanwa kuqala. Ukubunjwa kwegobolondo yomoya kwakhiwe isicwangciso semathematika, kuba kwakungeke kwenzeke ukuvula i-shuttle ukuba ithathe iisampuli zomoya. Ngokufanayo nale nto, umgangatho weplanethi nayo yafundiswa. Njengoko kwavela, iqukethe ice cream eyomileyo, equkethe i-hydrogen namanzi ngokwawo. Nangona ihlabathi lizinzile, njengeMhlaba, liphezulu, liphuma, lenza uhlaka lwomoya. Ngoko ke, ukubunjwa kwezi zimbini zifana, okwenza kube lula ukwenza umsebenzi wezinkanyezi.

Iimpawu zendalo

Ngaphambi kokuqhubela phambili ekufundeni iipropati kunye nokusebenzisana kwee-gesi ezahlukahlukeneyo kwindawo, makhe siqwalasele ukuba yintoni umoya we-Pluto. Le ngqungquthela eqhelekileyo, ububanzi bayo iikhilomitha ezingama-3 000. Isiseko saso si-nitrogen - sino-99% we-airspace ngokupheleleyo. Iipesenti ze-0.9 yi-carbon monoxide, kwaye i-residu imethane. Zonke ezi gesi ziyajikeleza ngeeplanethi ngoba ziphuphuma kwiqhwa elijikelezayo. Emva kwexesha, inkqubo yokukhuphuka kwamanzi iyanda kwinqanaba, ngenxa yokuba umoya wePluto ukhula. Ukubunjwa kwalo kuhlala kungatshintshi, kodwa i-sublimation ithatha isilinganiselo sehlabathi jikelele. Oku kuquka ukunyuka kweqondo lokushisa komzimba wasezulwini, kunye nokunyuka kwintsimi yayo yokunqongophala. Mhlawumbi kwixesha elizayo, elingenakuqhathaniswa nobomi bomntu, iPluto iya kuba iplanethi ehleliweyo.

Imvulophu yomoya yePluto ehlobo

Sithe satsho ukuba ngoku, ekujonge i-telescope kwi-Pluto, sinokubona indlela ihlobo elidlulayo ngayo. Ngeli thuba iplanethi ifikelela kwiSanga ngokuninzi kwaye ivuselela ngokufudumele. Kule ngongoma ukuba i-atmospheric of Pluto yenziwe, apho abaphandi behlabathi babona kwii-telescopes. Ehlotyeni, ngenxa yempembelelo yokutsalwa kwe-greenhouse, eyenzeka phantsi kwefuthe lokukhanya kwelanga, kuvela ukukhuphuka. Kuphela apha i-ice surface ayitshintshi emanzini, kodwa ngokuthe ngqo kwi-gesi, ekubeni i-gravitation kwi-Pluto ayikho. Le gesi, equkethe ininzi ye-nitrojeni, iphakanyiswe yi-giant mono-cloud ngaphezu kweplanethi, ncinane ibuye ibaleke kuyo kwaye yenze uluhlu olubizwa ngokuba yi-vacuum layer. Ezinye iamolekyu ze-nitrogen kunye neemethane zifikelela kwindawo yeCron. Siyabulela kule mpu melelo ye-greenhouse effect, enyanisweni, ubukho be-Pluto emoyeni bubonakalisiwe. Iingcali zenzululwazi ziye zaphawula ukuba iplanethi ayinayo icacacileyo, kodwa injengokungathi kwintlango yenkwenkwezi enkulu. Ngoviwo olunzulu, zonke iinkcukacha zingentla ziye zaqulunqwa.

Ubusika kwindawo yokubanda

Ukuba abantu befikelele kwiindawo zobugcisa zanamhlanje kwiminyaka engama-200 edlulileyo, bekungeyiyo ingqiqo ukubonakalisa ubukho be-Pluto's atmosphere. Ngexesha apho iplanethi enamanzi isuka kude neLanga, zonke iigesi ezihamba phezu kwayo ehlobo zibuyela phezulu kwaye ziba yinxenye yamagqabi aphuma kuwo aqala ukufudumala ekuqaleni kwexesha elidlulileyo. Kule meko, uPluto ubukeka 'ehamba,' kwaye iincwadana zayo zibonakala ngokucacileyo nge-telescope, kuba ingabonakali ngumvulophu womoya.

Ukushisa komoya kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomoya

Sisetyenziswe ukuba inqwelo-moya yomhlaba iyaphupha njengoko ihamba kude, kwaye abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba kuzo zonke iiplanethi izinto zifana ngokufanayo. Kodwa oku akunjalo, kwaye umzekelo ocacileyo weli yi-atmospheric Pluto. Umhlaba weeplanethi ngokwayo ubanda kakhulu - ama-degrees angama-231 ngaphantsi kwe-zero. Le yilathisi ebonakalayo kwisalathisi esingaphantsi kwemoya. Njengoko umgama ovela kwiingubo ezingapheliyo ezijongene nePluto, iqondo lokushisa liphakama. Kwiindawo eziphezulu ze-atmosphem, sele sele sidibana nomlinganiselo we -173 degrees, ngokuqhelekileyo, ngokuqhelekileyo kwindawo yendawo. Ngaphezu koko, kukho ukuphazamiseka okuphazamisayo apha. Ehlotyeni, xa i-gesi ihlukaniswe kwiplanethi, ngenxa ye-sublimation, i-coal surface yayo iphezulu. Le yinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-anti-greenhouse effect. Ebusika, ngenxa yokuba i-gases iyanyamalala, kwaye ilanga elithe ngqo litshitshisa iCluto, ii-glaciers ezingapheliyo zifudumala kancane.

Isibhakabhaka sePluto

Ngenxa yokuba insimu yokuvuthwa kwale planethi eninzi kakhulu, ayigcinanga umoya. Ezi gesi ezikhuphukayo zisuswe ebusweni, akukho ndlela zikhusela le planethi kwimiphumo ye-cosmic radiation kunye ne-asteroids. Kodwa nangona ukuxuba umxube we-nitrogen kunye ne- carbon monoxide kunokuhlala ixesha elidlulileyo kwi-bark yePluto, abantu babengenakuhlala phantsi kweemeko ezinjalo. Ngenxa yokungabikho kwe-hydrogen, kunye nangenxa yokuba ubuninzi beendawo eziphantsi kakhulu, umoya wePluto ukhululeka ngokukhululeka. Oku kuthetha ukuba akukho kwakhona ukusekwa kwendawo ekhethekileyo eya kutshintsha umbala wezulu ngokuxhomekeka ngexesha lemihla. Ngoko ke, ngokuqinileyo, ekubeni kwiPluto, awukwazi ukwahlula ukususela emini ukuya kusihlwa. Ngokusoloko phambi kwakho kuya kujikeleza ibhola elimnyama ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo kuya kuvela iinkwenkwezi ezikude kunye neeplanethi ezidlulayo.

Isiphelo

Namhlanje izazi zeenkwenkwezi zinomdla kunjani uhlobo lwemozulu ekhoyo. Ngaba izibalo kunye nokuqwalaselwa kwazo zichanekile kwaye zithini ukuba ziguquke ngokwenene? Kwixesha elizayo elizayo, kucetywa ukuqalisa i-satellite engakwazi ukunqoba izithako zegesi ezinkulu, emva koko ziya ku-Pluto. Ngokweqhinga, i-shuttle, eya kuqaliswa kwimozulu yale planethi emininzi, iya kufinyelela phezulu kwaye iza kuba nakho ukuthatha iisampulu zomoya kunye neqhwa. Emva koko, akukho zixhobo zamakhemikhali eziwonakalisa iteknoloji, njengeJupiter, apho.