Ukusebenza kunye namandla okhoyo wamandla kagesi

Kwesekethe nganye evaliweyo, ukuguqulwa kwamandla emibini kubonakala kwenzeka. Kulo mthombo wamanje, ukuguqulwa kwamandla (umzekelo, kwi-generator - umatshini omnye) wenziwa yombane, kwaye kwesekethe yangoku ibuye ibe ngumlinganiselo ofanayo wohlobo oluthile. Umlinganiselo wokuguqulwa kwisiphaluka samandla sombane kwiyiphi na iindidi zamandla ubukhulu bomsebenzi okhoyo ngoku.

Kodwa siyaqonda ukuba umsebenzi kunye namandla ombane wamandla ngumsebenzi wendlela yamandla kagesi ehambisa iindleko; Ngoko kulula ukubala.

Umsebenzi wokudluliswa kweerhafu zombane kwintsimi yombane uqikelelwa yimveliso yenkcitho edluliselweyo ngobukhulu bokubahluko phakathi kwamaphuzu ekuqaleni nasekupheleni kokutshintshwa, Ngexabiso lexabiso:

A = qU.

Ngokucacileyo, olu lamano lungasetyenziselwa ukuphononongwa kweengcinga ezifana nomsebenzi namandla okwangoku kagesi . Ubungakanani bentlawulo ejikelezayo kwesekethe lunokugwetywa ukusuka kwikhompyutha ejikelezayo kunye nexesha elithathayo, kuba q = It.

Ukusebenzisa ulwalamano olunjalo, sithola ifomula ebonisa ubungakanani bokusebenza kwamanje kwicandelo elithile lesekethe elinezixhobo U:

A = UIt.

Umsebenzi kunye negunya lombane wamandla zilinganiswa ngolu hlobo: ukuba i-current iyalinganiswa kwi-amperes, ixesha lokusebenza ngemizuzwana, kunye ne-voltage kwi-volts, ngoko umsebenzi udlala kuma-joules (J).

Ngaloo ndlela, 1 umdlalo = 1 ampere x 1 volt x 1 yesibini.

Amandla alinganiswa kumatts (watts):

1 watt = 1 umdlalo / 1 wesibini, okanye 1 watt = 1 volt x 1 ampere.

Umbuzo wokubala ubukhulu bomsebenzi okwangoku kulo mmandla awuhambelani ngokupheleleyo nombuzo woluphi uhlobo lwamandla amandla kagesi aya kuphendulwa kweli candelo. Lo msebenzi ngumlinganiselo wombane oguqulwa ube yintlobo.

Okwangoku umbane, xa usenza umsebenzi, unokutshisa i-filament yesikhanyiso sombane, utyhoboze isinyithi, ujikeleze iinqwelo zeemoto, kubangele utshintsho lweekhemikhali, njl njl. Kuzo zonke iimeko, umsebenzi kunye negunya lombane wombane unquma izinga lokuguqulwa kombane kwezinye iifom - amandla omatshini, amandla ashushu, njl njl.

Ukwazi ukuba amandla P = A / t, kunokwenzeka ukuba ufumane ifomu ngendlela ekhoyo ngoku kubalwa kwicandelo elithile lesekethe:

P = UI.

Umsebenzi kunye negunya langoku ngoku lingabalwa ngoncedo lwala mafomula, kunye nangokuncedwa kwe-ammeter, i-voltmeter. Ngokwenza oko, umsebenzi wendawo yamandla ulinganiswa kunye nemitha ekhethekileyo. Ukudlula kwi-counter, i- disc aluminium disc iqala ukujika ngaphakathi kwayo , kwaye isantya sayo iya kuba ngokulingana ngokuthe ngqo kumanje kunye nombane. Inani lokujika eliza kuyenza ngexesha elithile, kuya kunceda ukufumana izigqibo malunga nomsebenzi owenziwe ngeli xesha. Amanzi amitha angabonwa kuyo yonke indawo.

Amandla okwangoku alinganiswa usebenzisa isixhobo esikhethekileyo - i-wattmeter. Kulo fowuni yale divayisi, imigaqo ye-voltmeter kunye ne-ammeter iyadibaniswa.

Kwizinto ezininzi zombane kunye nezixhobo zobuchwepheshe, amandla abo abonisiwe. Umzekelo, amandla e-bulb incandescent ingaba yi-25 W, i-75 W, njl., Amandla okucoca i-vacuum okanye i-iron engama-1000 W, amandla omoya kagesi angafikelela kwixabiso eliphezulu kakhulu ukuya kumawaka angamawaka kilowatts. Kule meko, sithetha amandla okwangoku adlula kulo okanye kwisixhobo.

Ukusebenza kunye namandla okwangoku okutshintshileyo kubalwa ngokwahlukileyo. Ngoko ke, ukubala umsebenzi owenziwe ngotshintsho oluthile ixesha elithile, ungasebenzisa ifom:

P = 1 / 2I₀U₀ cos φ. Ngokuqhelekileyo le fomyibhali ibhaliwe kule fomu: P = IU cos φ, apho mna no-U zixabiso zamanani kunye nezamanje, ezizihlandlo ezi-2 ngaphantsi kweemilinganiselo ezihambelanayo.

Ifomula yokubala i-AC yamandla iya kuba yinto efanayo.

Ubunye bamandla nomsebenzi:

1 watt-yesibini = 1 J 1 watt-iyure = 3600 J;

I-hectawatt-iyure = 360000 J;

1 kilowatt-hora = 3600000J.

Izixhobo zamandla:

1 ampere-volts = 1 W;

1 hektare = 100 W;

1 kilowatt = 1000 watts.