Yintoni i-Information System? System Information School. inkqubo ulwazi ehlanganisiwe

Ukuba sithethe ngento inkqubo ulwazi (IS), kufuneka siqwalasele lo mba ngendlela eyahlukileyo, nto leyo eya kudala umfanekiso omkhulu. Iingcali zithi ukuba yingqokelela oqhagamshelwano phakathi kwemali, abasebenzi kunye neendlela esetyenziselwa ukugcina, inkqubo kunye nohambiso ulwazi oluyimfuneko ukusombulula imisebenzi ethile.

Iimbalasane

Ukuthathela ingqalelo yokuba inkqubo yolwazi enjalo, kuyimfuneko kuthi ukuze abe umda ezahlukeneyo kunye nenjongo. Kukho nezinye iimpawu. Le nkqubo zisenokwahluka iqondo abasingethe kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo inkampani, enokuthi yenziwe nje kuphela ekuqhutyweni qonga accounting, kodwa ukuze baxhase ukuphunyezwa accounting iindleko kunye nokulawula ukuhamba lweshishini.

Enoba khona, bonke babe uluhlu elikhulu iipropati eziye eqhelekileyo kubo. The main iindlela zobugcisa ulwazi processing kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo yanamhlanje ifuna ukusetyenziswa kweekhompyutha. Zizinto izixhobo kunye nezibonelelo zobugcisa kunye software ezizodwa efakiweyo phezu kwabo. Ukuba sithethe inyaniso yokuba inkqubo lwazi, ngoko ke kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kuthiwe isiseko izixhobo ukulungiselela ukugcina nokufikelela data. Ngaloo ndlela zenzelwe ukusetyenziswa ngumsebenzisi isiphelo, apho kufuneka ube yincutshe kwi candelo lezobuchwepheshe computer. Oku kuquka izicelo zomxhasi, eyenzelwe ukunika i-interface enobuchule.

iintlobo ze IP

Le nkqubo yahlulwe obusezimpepheni echanileyo. Eyokuqala swi zokusombulula iingxaki ezinxulumene nolawulo lwemveliso, ukubala, kunye nabanye abafana nabo. I lwesibini lwalujoliswe khangela iimpendulo ecacile imibuzo, kwakunye isisombululo kwezi ngxaki ngendlela enye kuphela. Oku kunokuba owahlukeneyo inkqubo reference umlinganiswa, ukukhangela, yaye lweenkcukacha yokusebenza baqeshwe. Kumnandi documentary zenzelwe ukusombulula iingxaki musa ukunika iimpendulo esichazayo kwimibuzo. Kukho zinokoyanyaniswa njengomzekelo yokuba inkqubo yolawulo xwebhu ngekhompyutha, nekungoku ingxamele zithandwa ngakumbi kumashishini kwiminyaka yakutshanje. EC wavumela uhlobo exutyiweyo.

isikali

Ngaphandle yokuba inkqubo lwazi, kuyimfuneko ukuba kuqwalaselwe umba obalulekileyo efana isikali yayo. Ukwahlula phakathi desktops okanye womnatha IP, leyo kukugubungela umsebenzisi ngaphezu kwesinye, kwakunye kakhulu elikhulu - lweshishini isikali. Iinkampani Modern Kunzima ukucinga ngaphandle ukusetyenziswa kwenkqubo enjalo. Akukhathaliseki kwizinto yintoni kwindawo lwezinto inkampani, awabalulekanga kangaka, kunye nobungakanani bayo, IP yayo nayiphi na imeko, yeyona ingundoqo yokuqinisekisa ulawulo olusebenzayo nesiveliso, urhwebo kunye nokunikezelwa ngexesha kweenkonzo ezisemgangathweni. Ekubeni imisebenzi yokuphatha uncedo ubomi obulula, uyakwazi ukuba akhulule ezinye abasebenzi ukusuka izisombululo ezahlukeneyo kwamatyala yesiqhelo, ukunciphisa amathuba iimpazamo, kunciphisa inani amaxwebhu bephepha, kwaye kukho amathuba ukunciphisa iindleko kakhulu. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, naliphi na ishishini mihla luphawulwa yokuba yonke into enxulumene nenkqubo yolwazi kunye nokusebenza yayo agudileyo, waye wabandakanyeka esweni okhethekileyo ngabasebenzi yolawulo.

ulwazi City inkqubo yobhaliso cadastral

EC Urban Cadastre - indlela enye ukuqinisekisa ukuba ulwazi lokuguqula data uluhlu kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo kweendawo impahla kule lali. It is a iseti hardware ne-software, izixhobo nezibonelelo zabasebenzi, ezo ezijoliswe nokudalwa ulwazi malunga izinto ezithengiswayo kunye nokumelwa yayo ngokupheleleyo ngohlobo amaxwebhu ezingamaphepha aprintiweyo.

inkqubo ulwazi City idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuboneleleni data, njengoko ukhonza kuyindlela ephumelelayo ukwakhiwa kwendawo lolwazi, nto leyo iya kusetyenziswa ukulawula kwezoqoqosho zoqoqosho kunye neminye imisebenzi yasekuhlaleni,, kulo. Kule meko ngoku kwezentlalo noqoqosho nokudala indawo enjalo yenzeka kuphela ngokusekelwe esizisebenzelayo ngokupheleleyo iinkqubo ezifana data collection, ukusetyenzwa, ukugcinwa kunye inventri uhlaziyo kwi bempahla yokwenene. Ukongeza, ukubonelelwa kweenkqubo ngcaciso ufikelelo kuzo zonke ezi data, utshintshiselwano ngokukhawuleza phakathi izakhiwo zoluntu norhwebo iintlobo ezahlukeneyo, iinkonzo kunye nemibutho aloo mzi.

Imfuneko yokuba izakhiwo ezinjalo

Okwangoku, imibutho ezithile kukarhulumente, ezoshishino kunye kamasipala (kurhwebo lomhlaba, iibhanki mboleko, iikomiti uthengiso real estate, ii-ofisi irhafu, iinkampani ze-inshorensi, njl) phantse akakwazi azalisekise imisebenzi yawo ngqo ngaphandle lombutho ngokutshintshiselana kwangethuba kolwazi cadastral, oluthembekileyo ngeli thuba xesha. Kungenxa yoko le nto uphuhliso inkqubo yolwazi elolu hlobo yenza kube lula ukucombulula nje ingxaki wokhuseleko amalungelo obunini kunye irhafu, kodwa eminye imiba.

umsebenzi Nekadastrovye

- ekhawulezileyo, ngokupheleleyo ezikumgangatho ophezulu ulwazi inkxaso amabhunga ukubonisa ulawulo aloo mzi, ezorhwebo, ezoqoqosho kunye namanye amaziko kunye nabantu a ulwazi olupheleleyo noluchanekileyo ngemeko emzimbeni iimpawu eziveleleyo zeemo ezahlukeneyo ubunini, kunye nezinye izinto yokusingqongileyo wedolophu;

- uhlalutyo nosetyenziso lwamaseko, zendalo, abasebenzi, izixhobo kunye neendlela zobugcisa kunye nezibonelelo aloo mzi, usasazo ngokohlobo bobunini, njalo-njalo;

- umsebenzi ekulungiseleleni yocwangciso lwedolophu iiprojekthi zokwakha, ukuyila kothungelwano zobunjineli kunye nabanye.

ubunzima kulo

Ukuyila olu hlobo iinkqubo zenkcazelo kuye kwayimfuneko ngenxa yokuba kude kube kutshanje, kurhwebo lwasekhaya iye achazayo, njengoko ikwazi zokusombulula iingxaki ezintsonkothileyo. Phesheya, kakhulu, akukho zigqibo ezinjalo, kodwa ukuze siqinise umsebenzi kule ndawo ezimbini ebetha kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Uphuhliso yokuqala eRashiya kule ndawo yaba Ais GK wadala naseNovosibirsk isebe RosNITs "Umhlaba". Ugxile ekuboneleleni ezahlukeneyo uluhlu oluchanileyo izakhiwo ulwazi: ulawulo lwaka yekomiti oluthengiso, ii-ofisi irhafu, amaziko kunye neenkampani, sokubambisa, umhlaba kunye notyalo-mali beebhanki, kwakunye njengabantu ilifa ezithengiswayo.

Iimpawu ze data accounting

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba iinkonzo ezithile kunye nemibutho esixekweni kunokuba nje kuphela abasebenzisi nje yolwazi cadastral, kodwa ulubumbe, ndizibhokoxa nempembelelo gqitha ukuyilwa indawo yolwazi ezidolophini. Kungenxa yesi sizathu ukuba uphuhliso Ais GC lwenziwa kuthathelwa ingqalelo ithuba usebenzisa iimveliso software abasebenzisi ezinjalo, kwaye ikwanika ukhuseleko kwezithuthi zabo ngokwemilinganiso. inkqubo yolwazi ehlanganisiwe iye ziphuhliswe kuthathelwa ingqalelo zonke ezi mpawu.

izimiso zokwakha Used

- modularity ngokubhekiselele kulwakhiwo, nto leyo evumela eqhelekileyo yokusebenza element wonke, kwaye kungoko aphelela iphela;

- iinkqubo zolwazi nobuchwepheshe bolwazi abe ukwakhiwa software bhetyebhetye kakhulu ukuvumela ukwenza inethiwekhi ukuba izikhokhelo ezitsha ukuze zingabandakanywa kulo, akuyi kujongelwa phantsi komsebenzi, ukuthembeka, kunye nokusebenza kobume lonke, kwaye ayidingi perenastroek;

- data akhuselwe ngokupheleleyo ukusuka ilahleko kwimeko lokungaphumeleli okanye imvume yokungena ye IP;

- ngokuhlelwa encoding idatha okusingqongileyo kwedolophu i iseli enye;

- entry data oluqhutywa ngendlela efanayo, elisuke laba kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zoqwalaselo ukuba zibonelelwa yi kwinkqubo yokusebenza kunye DBMS inethiwekhi;

- iziphumo zotshintsho geodetic .Luqhubekekisiwe ngokupheleleyo ngokuzenzekelayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ziziphi iindlela ezazisetyenziswa ukuqokelelwa kwazo;

- Ingcaciso database imelwe ngengqibelelo topological, kunokwenzeka ukuba uhlele zonke iintlobo nedatha;

- ukulawula zokusebenza ukuthembeka nokunyaniseka idatha yabo bonke imisebenzi kunye nabo.

Loo inkqubo yolwazi munye uyakwazi ukucombulula iingxaki-inventri kuphela ngqo, kodwa nabanye abaninzi enxulumene nophuhliso kwezicwangciso indawo zophuhliso kunye hlengiso, ukhuselo lokusingqongileyo, ukusasazwa ubengo izibonelelo zezindlu, ebonisa izithuthi nokuphuma kwemali, ulawulo lwee-asethi kunye nabanye abaninzi. Ukongeza, inkqubo ifaka i lula izixhobo zomsebenzisi, izixhobo kunye neekhompyutha.

ezizezinye

inkqubo yengcaciso isikolo indlela entsha ngokupheleleyo imfundo. Ngoncedo eziqalelo ebalulekileyo ifunyanwa yi amalungiselelo kwangethuba data. Ngokomzekelo, enye into efana idayari elektroniki, isetyenziswa ukubeka ulwazi kwiimvavanyo kunye wasekhaya, nokuvumela ootitshala ukuba basebenzisane ngokukhawuleza kunye nabafundi. Oku kuquka Iiphothifoliyo abafundi ', ukubonakalisa umsebenzi walo esikolweni kunye nangaphaya. inkqubo yengcaciso School ixhasa ukusetyenziswa izicwangciso zobuntu wedwa-akhawunti yakho. Abazali ngokukhawuleza ukufumana ulwazi oluthembekileyo nje kuphela kwinkqubo yezifundo kodwa wasekhaya.

Ngoko ke, konke oku kusenza siqonde ukuba yintoni le nkqubo yolwazi, njengoko kunceda ekusombululeni imiba ebalulekileyo.