Yifemur: isakhiwo, umsebenzi, umonakalo

Ubude omkhulu ithambo tubular komzimba womntu a yifemur. Amanqaku onke amathambo elide - kuba phambi komzimba kunye emancamini omabini obengo.

Indawo yentloko ithambo isekelwe phezu ophezulu proximal, isebenza ukudibanisa ukuya ithambo zangasese. Direction medially kunye nobuso wobomi Lubonakala lasentloko, ebizwa entlanganweni. Kwiziko kwayo fovea intloko femoral yomzimba, Yiyo le indawo ikhanda nemisipha ukudibanisa amathambo. Intloko nentamo uzibandakanya umzimba ithambo, ukwakha kunye nayo i engile ikhulu elinamanci mathathu degrees.

Entanyeni nomzimba kodini ezimbini nesisu enkulu ingamathambo, ngokuba atshicelwe. Indawo trochanter inolwayo kumphezulu wayo medial, ekhangelene entanyeni, fossa trochanteric. Yena ekumanqwanqwa aphezulu yokuxazulula. Le trochanter encinane into ibekwe medially kwaye posteriorly ngeenxa ungqameko olungezantsi entanyeni. Ezimbini kwezi babe trochanter umgca intertrochanteric osuka ukuba ngasemva, ekuthiwa Crest intertrochanteric.

Yifemur, okanye umzimba wakhe kunoko, imilo zezindlu, eyinxenye egosogoso khaxa ye ngaphambili, nasesangqeni axis longitudinal, kubonakala ngathi ejijekileyo. umzimba ithambo has kumphezulu ogudileyo, ngasemva kukho umgca apho isonka kancinane, yaye lohlulwe emlonyeni ezimbini - medial and lateral. Phakathi yifemur kanga ngokusondeleyo imilebe, kunye nolwalathiso ephezulu nesezantsi, baqala diverge. Zombini imilebe mayibhekiswe trochanter - ezinkulu nezincinane. ukunyuka lip osecaleni lube ziyatyeba kakhulu, emva kokuba adlulele kokuba tuberosity gluteal, nto leyo yindawo apho uyanamathela enkulu gluteal kwezihlunu. Ngamanye amaxesha oku kuthatha uhlobo tuberosity le trochanter wesithathu. lip medial iba umgca rough. Ukufikelela osezantsi yifemur, imilebe ezimbini diverge, kusekwe phezu popliteal ukuba imilo triangle.

Isiphelo distal wethambo iyandiswa kancinane, ukwakha condyles ezimbini ezinkulu imilo ajikelezayo. Ezi condyles ubungakanani ezahlukeneyo kunye neqondo ugobile wobuso articular.

Le condyle medial lo osecaleni elikhulu incinane. Zombini condyle kwinqanaba elifanayo, bahlukane kwaye ubuyele phakathi umhadi, ekuthiwa intercondylar. Ngentla medial condyle articular ngaphezulu abe epicondyle medial, kunye kwicala osecaleni kwaye condyle osecaleni iye epicondyle, ubukhulu incinane kakhulu ngaphezu medial. Phambi zombini condyles imiphezulu zabo ezidibeneyo omnye komnye. Le fom suprapatellaris phiko apho kwicala elingasemva patella eqhotyoshelweyo.

Ekubeni yifemur ithambo lomntu yeyona thambo inkulu, ngokuba zezona baboniswa deformations ezahlukeneyo. Eyona nto kakhulu kubo eyaphukileyo. Xa uyaphule ingqibelelo yokwakheka iinkuni - oku ezinjengokwaphuka. Izizathu zakhe kuba ezahlukeneyo: a hit ngqo ethangeni, nethontsi izinto eziqinileyo nangaphezulu. Ukuba yifemur eyaphukileyo, ngoko eli wokwenzakala sibi. Oku kunokuba ukopha ezibalulekileyo kunye nokothuka iintlungu. Kakade ke, ukuhamba akunakwenzeka, yaye nayiphi na umthwalo kwesebe ezichaphazelekayo nayo basuswe. Leg ethe yayinqamlela deformation unenzondelelo. iimpahla ezinkulu imilenze seyonakele ngenxa ukubana amaqhekeza, ingakumbi ezisezantsi wesithathu, xa abafudukele umva otlomok bonakalisa kwemithambo popliteal, ngaloo ndlela ebangela ukopha lweenkcukacha. Yifemur kufuneka ilungiswe ngoko nangoko. ibhasi Ingaba ngaphezulu i zomzimba, yaye ngoko ke ixhoba unikelwa kwiSebe Traumatology.

Ubume yifemur lulula kakhulu, kodwa uzalisekisa lo msebenzi ungundoqo - ogcina umthwalo lomzimba kwaye umzimba ngokwawo zilungelelane, ebandakanyekileyo entsonkothileyo motor ukuxhaphaza, sisiseko ekwenziweni kweqondo ephantsi isinqe. La mathuba wapha indalo yakhe, kwaye ke ngoko zinxulumene ukhathalelo lwempilo oyifunayo.