Ento - it ... Izimamva ento

Gerund ... Yintoni inxalenye ekhethekileyo intetho! Okanye uhlobo oluthile isenzi? Okanye enye into? Kodwa kude kube ngoku izazinzulu ngokushushu kuphikiswana ukuba ento efanayo. Oku kwabangela ukuba ukuyilwa amanqaku ezininzi iimbono kulo mba. Sizama ukufumana phandle hlobo "iziqhamo" a gerund, ukujongana ezahlukeneyo, kwakunye ukufunda izimamva ento.

uhlobo isenzi okanye inxalenye yokuthetha?

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, phakathi yahlulwe lo ngeelwimi, yintoni kufuneka kwaziwe gerund. Cinga ingongoma Ngenxa yolwimi edumileyo mbandela.

1. Le yolwimi ezaziwayo-kakuhle Bogoroditskiy V. A. gerund ibhekisela ... nezihlomelo! Kodwa ngokwenene, kukho ukufana! Umzekelo: Ndiya kusabela ngokukhawuleza (isihlomelo) kunye wawubaphendula ngoko nangoko I (gerund) - ukuphendula umbuzo ofanayo - njani?

Kubonakala, musa ukuthandabuza - kukho isihlomelo eqhelekileyo ndlela, kodwa inika isalathiso inkqubo, njengokuba kunjalo, waqhuba Okwenziwayo yesenzi uphendule.

indawo ludale lwembono, kodwa yindawo ukuba.

2. ngeelwimi ezinjalo njengoko Shanskiy N. M. kunye Babaytseva VV bakholelwa gerund yinxalenye oluzimeleyo intetho, kodwa caveat "ekhethekileyo." Kuba, njengokuba njengesibizo okanye isiphawulo, kukho inani iimpawu akukho inxalenye enye kwintetho. Ngokuzimeleyo esetyenziswa zindululo, iye Iwawo Ukuveliswa. Ngoko kutheni ithathe izigaba zentetho?

3. Shvedova N. Yu, omnye The compiler "Igrama-80", kwaye nalo ke Gvozdev AN, cinga enye uhlobo gerund i yesenzi, invariable kunye unconjugated. Kwaye apha asinakukwazi uyavuma: "Tata" ento - yinto kwisenzi. Wamnika iimpawu zakhe, umbuzo wamnika umqondiso wokuba kusetyenzwe, nakuba liye likhula.

Nazi iingongoma eziphambili izazi abanamava. Yaye ngamnye kubo kumalungelo alo, njengoko ento - Olu luhlobo noko ezintsonkothileyo. Akumangalisi ke, abaninzi badidekile kulo mbandela. Kwizikolo, ngokuxhomekeke program, ukufunda iBanga gerund 7, attribute yona uhlobo oluthile ngomlomo okanye inxalenye intetho, wabala kanye loo uluvo olungachanekanga kangaka kude.

Iimpawu yesenzi ento

Ukufana ibalulekileyo phakathi ento ngesenzi ezivakaliswe isibakala sokuba abokugqibela babo afunda. Oko kukuthi, elowo gerund kuphela wabumba izenzi akukho nto iyenye, kwaye ibonisa amanyathelo kuphela ezingundoqo ezongezelelweyo.

iimpawu Morphological, wazithwala phezu gerund lwe izenzi:

• Le recoverability (ubukho -sya postfix).

Yenza isigqibo - yisa isibindi - ehambayo.

• View (ogqibeleleyo abangafezekanga).

Run (nesov.vid) - indlela yokusebenza (Nessov imbonakalo.);

ucinga (sov.vid) - yokucinga (izikhova khangela.).

• Transitivity (ile isenzi wesenzo ngaphandle isalathandawo):

Ukweqa umgwaqo (newayini. Inc., Akukho sizathu), inja sisilo (newayini. Pad, akukho sizathu).

Ento naleyo yathatyathwa izihlomelo

Njengoko sele sibonile, "uyise" i ento kwisenzi. Kodwa "unina" kungathathwa lwesigodi, ivela kwezi izigaba zentetho, yaye kwakuthabatha imiqondiso.

Ukusuka gerund isandiso bafika:

• Eyona nto ibalulekileyo - ukungaguquleki. Kwakunye utatomkhulu, oko akathandi kwaye conjugated, yaye ngenxa yoko akukho isiphelo, nokuba zero.

Uthetha ukuphisa (isihlomelo) - intetho prikrikivaya (gerund).

• Junction - ke yena kunye namanye le fomu ikhonkco syntactic kuphela.

Njengoko ento imperfective wabumba

Nemilo ezinjalo ento ezithathwe kwesenzi, kakhulu, kakade, Nesov. uhlobo, kwaye ujoyine izimamva. Isimamva A (I) yakha imperfective ebelidlula:

Jonga - ukukhangela, baleka - ukubaleka, ibhodle - ibhodle.

Kwimeko apho isimamva isenzi na -wa gerund loo ukhandwa i isenzi esithi:

Macala - isohlwayo umgwebele - ukohlwaya, nalanto - iphehlwa.

Ezinye izenzi abafezekanga ento fomu akakwazi:

1. izenzi abangafezekanga ne isimamva Well: fade, Dumani;
2. izenzi monosyllabic, isiseko eliphela ngo-A okanye B: nesingqi, ndalala ubuthongo;
3. Ezinye izenzi nje abanalo ngendlela egqibeleleyo, igrafu: chopha, ukuba kubiza, ukuba ahambe kunye nabanye.

kunqabile kakhulu sinako ukuhlangabezana izimamva ento -UCHI okanye -YUCHI. Le fom endala, kodwa kunjalo maxa wambi kusetyenziswa kwintetho.

Yibani - njengokuba, umdlalo - kwamandla.

Ento, ngombono ogqibeleleyo

Le milo ayikho wabumba izenzi ezikwixesha langoku, kwaye ukusuka nethi. Kule added izimamva -B okanye -VSHI okanye -SHI:

Yenza - ukwenza phinda - kwakhona adle - emva kokutya, usondeze - bayizisa.

Of izenzi zochazo, abe isimamva -VSHI kwakheka ukubuyela kuphela ebelidlula ogqibeleleyo.

Indima kwisivakalisi

Ento, ezifana izihlomelo kwizivakalisi ahlala adlala indima meko:

Emva ukudlala, ndaya ekhaya. Wahlala cwaka kwigumbi ngaphandle kokuphazamisa.

Kufuneka athi malunga isakhiwo ebalulekileyo ngolwimi Russian, oluthi luqokelelane yi ento. Oku mabinzana ebelidlula ngomlomo. Urhwebo ebizwa gerund ngamazwi ayo.

Umzekelo, ukwenza i gerund ngokwayo enye, singabanda- bazithobe. Kodwa ukwenza umsebenzi - lo amabinzana ebelidlula ngomlomo, ngokuba ngoku luvula indlela bajoyine-oxhomekeke umsebenzi lizwi.

Abafundi benza umsebenzi, imibhalo.

turnover Participial athathiweyo ikheswa (ikheswa) emida macala omabini. Kungakhathaliseki indawo ilizwi engundoqo apho libhekisela. Hi ndlela leyi, igama engundoqo kwimali iyonke iya kuba kwisenzi. Kodwa kowona msebenzi ento - ukuncedisana intshukumo yesenzi engundoqo.

imali Participial, ukuba uyilo ekhululekile kakhulu, ngokufuthi lisetyenziswa kwi ncwadi, ubuciko intetho. Xa wayelapha emhlabeni, ngenxa yezizathu ezithile andizange ukubamba kwi ithuba. Mhlawumbi ngenxa ubhobhoyi. Kubomi, sizama ukusebenzisa izivakalisi ezilula ngakumbi.

Ento - le yinto ongaqondakaliyo kakhulu ngolwimi Russian. Nangoku asikwazi athi nayiphi na inxalenye yokuthetha okanye uhlobo isenzi. Kodwa ke, ezazi zonke iimpawu, ungakhetha ujongo elifanelekileyo Scientist nganye. Gerund buyifanele ulwimi lwethu yenza kube ephelele ngakumbi, ilungelo. Kunye nokusetyenziswa amabinzana ebelidlula ngamazwi uphendulela nayiphi na itekisi uyadika ngoku umsebenzi wokubhala.