YaseVenice Biennale: inkcazo, iimpawu, imbali kunye namanqaku anika umdla

Kuba phantse 120 iminyaka Venice Biennale ibhiyozele amagcisa kunye nobugcisa. Ngokuvula iingcango zalo bonke abathandi ubuhle, i Biennale kukuqukunjelwa ingqondo yemveli. Esi siganeko lusoloko ngokubanzi ihlanganiswa kumaphephandaba. Nabalondolozi kwaye ikomiti eququzelelayo, nto leyo lisoloko yenziwe ziingcali abavela kumazwe ahlukeneyo, zama ukugcina imo elizimeleyo lo mboniso.

zalungela impi kuphela kuthintele sisingathe Forum yeHlabathi. Wonke umntu wamkelekile ukutyelela umboniso, ukuze aqhelane ezenzekayo ngoku ya vutshila. Abasemagunyeni Venice ngandlela zonke ukukhuthaza abakhenkethi ukuba atyelele siganeko, ukudala umdla ngakumbi kwaye likhululekile kubo. Ngoko ke, i Venice Biennale yenye ezinomtsalane eziphambili yaseVenice.

Yintoni i "Biennale"?

Lo mboniso zobugcisa ngamazwe apho bayamenywa amagcisa ukuba onke amazwe. Ilizwe ngalinye lineCandelo umnquba yayo eyahlukileyo. Hi ndlela leyi, ulwakhiwo ezi eminqubeni kwinkulungwane yama-20 yenzeka phantsi kobunkokheli labazobi kakhulu ehlabathini. An ejaji ngamazwe okhetha amagcisa ezinye eminqubeni zikazwelonke, ukubeka bhaso zabo ezizodwa - "Golden Lion" okanye "Silver Lion".

Igama elithi "Biennale" livela bis Latin - kabini kunye annuus - nyaka, ngokulandelelana, lo mboniso ibanjwa rhoqo emva kweminyaka emibini, ngamnye ngonyaka ongaqhelekanga-zibaliwe. Ngaphandle yelo xesha, kukho abanye, kodwa abamazi kakuhle. Yiyo le foram luphawu yobugcisa ngaphandle admixture wa tiko. Nangona kule imiboniso ngenkulungwane kunye neemyuziyam ayisiso isenzeko inqabile, kodwa ke Venice Biennale - ukufumaneka kwe-buchopho behlabathi.

Beka wobugcisa yakho apha - lilungelo elikhulu zonke amagcisa. Ngalinye umxholo wayo biennale kunye isaci emayilandelwe ngabo bonke abathathi ngalo mboniso. Ukongeza, ebekekileyo kunye noxanduva - ukuba omlawuli eforam. iiyure zomboniso iinyanga eziliqela, nto leyo yahlulwe yaba ngamanqanaba amathathu. predpokazy Okokuqala, ngexesha apho mboniso esazisa abakwa, ngoko kuvulwa ngokusesikweni, apho Amabhaso anikwa. Ngexesha kwisigaba sesithathu lokufikelela kwinkcazelo ufumana uluntu jikelele.

Lokuqala Venice Biennale

Lo mboniso yokuqala yaqhutywa eVenice ngowe-1885, phezu kulinyathelo Consul Ricardo Selvatiko. Ke phezu kwiforam kwakukho amazwe angamalungu 16 kuphela. Kuphela emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, Venice Biennale ufumene elizweni jikelele. Eyokuqala yaba elingelilo inyathelo loluntu okanye ezopolitiko, kwaba ungumthombo yobugcisa ecocekileyo, iqonga apho ke salivula abantu zokudala.

Venice Biennale 2017

Ukususela ngoMeyi 13 Novemba 26 zabanjwa 57 Biennale, phantsi Isaci «Viva Arta Lemag» (Makadle ubomi ubuchule ephilayo), oko kukuthi, kwingcamango omlawuli, yayiza swi wegcisa kunye nehlabathi lakhe.

Oku yelo Biennale of Contemporary Art esikhethekileyo ukuba postmodern. Iforam umenyiwe amagcisa asakhulayo ngaphezulu kwe-100. A jonga fresh kwi womboniso art ehlaziyiweyo kakhulu umfanekiso eziqhelekileyo. Art apha ezikhuphile fom ezifana ukufakela Ilaphu ukuba basebenzisane. Ibhaso i "Best National inkundla" baba amaJamani, ukwenza ukusebenza iiyure ezintlanu.

French inkundla thaca nofakelo umculo kunye inxaxheba amagcisa 60. Njengesiqhelo, ukongeza kuzwelonke, babesebenza iqonga spiral bayiminquba ezinikelwe emhlabeni, iintyatyambo, Ixesha kunye nezinye izihloko ezininzi.

nkundla Russian kule nyaka amelwe iqela lobugcisa «Risayikilisha» ngokubiyelwa yokwenene yenyani. A igcisa ezaziwayo-kakuhle Russian Grisha Bruskin umxhelo uluntu izimvo zayo kwezentlalo nezopolitiko, umsebenzi wakhe wayeyixabisa British The Guardian. Kwakhona emnqubeni yethu baya debutante Sasha Pirogova.

emnqubeni Russian e Venice Biennale

Le umdali egumbini Russian ngo-1914 Schusev Aleksey Viktorovich, lomhleli abazukileyo USSR. Ayizizo zonke ixesha artists Russian bakwazi ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiforam elidumileyo. Ngoko ebudeni bemfazwe eSoviet Union abazange bathathe inxaxheba mboniso de 1956. Kwiminyaka ethile, lo mboniso kwafika igcisa kuphela, umzekelo, uAristarko Lentulov ngo-1988.

Kodwa ngo-1924 iinkosi Russian baba 97, kuquka odumileyo Boris Kustodiev, ngubani na ngokuphindaphindiweyo watyelela lo mboniso. Amalungu Russian Biennale sele baninzi, ngokufuthi na iqela zobugcisa. Ke, phezu kwazo zonke iinzame, i "Golden Lion" Russia alikazaliseki ethathwe up.

Biennale 1977

Venice Biennale 1977 laliyindawo. 38 mboniso Yayikukuzinikela uso bangavumelani, ubugcisa ongekho mthethweni lwe eMpuma Yurophu kunye eSoviet Union. Ngaloo nyaka, kwindawo ethile iye yabamba imisebenzi yi yiSoviet awodwa amazwe uso. Le Biennale ithathwa wepolitiki kakhulu kwimbali kwemiboniso, yabangela Ndilicukuceze nozakuzaku eSoviet eItali.

Nangona kunjalo, lo mboniso yaqhutywa, ukunika ithuba lokuba amagcisa ezininzi imvelaphi Russian ukukhwela kwiforam. Le nkundla yesizwe Russian kunyaka iposwe iqela Mboniso ka amagcisa, kuquka UErik Bulatov, Oscar Rabin, Ili Kabakova, Anatoly Zverev, Oleg Vasiliev, uAndreya kaThixo looNongendi, Olega Lyagacheva-uHelgi. Xa iyonke bekukho 99.

Nabalondolozi balindele ukubona Alexander Solzhenitsyn, Mstislav Rostropovich, Andreya Tarkovskogo kunye nezinye amagcisa ezinkulu, kodwa abaninzi abazange bakwazi ukuza. Ngenxa yoko, i-Venice Architecture Biennale ngo-1977 akuphumelelanga, kwakungekho abadumileyo. inkxaso-mali karhulumente, ngokulandelelana, Kwaya akazange abe ukuba umphumo umgangatho mboniso. Abasemagunyeni Italian wayefuna ukufumana yokufika abakhenkethi, kodwa kubanda kunye nesihloko uphikise ukuba bayeke nabo.

wezakhiwo Biennale

Architecture - enye yezixhobo ezibalulekileyo azinampembelelo ehlabathini. Le art idibanisa ingqondo, ezenzululwazi kunye nabasebenzi. Ngoko ke, lo ubugcisa bokwakha ibisoloko ehlonitshwa eziphakamileyo onke Biennale. Izifundo izakhiwo kunye nobugcisa owayephila xa utshintsha Biennale. Ngaphambili, umxholo lwezakhiwo zibandakanyiwe lilonke, kodwa 1980 yahlulwe Biennale leyo.

Venice Architecture Biennale ibanjwa qho ngonyaka de-zibaliwe. Bokwakha Biennale ukukhumbuza utshintshiselwano yamava, yinto nokuboniswa kobuxhakaxhaka ezintsha impumelelo. Ngokungafaniyo iiforam art, apha nje ukubonisa izakhono zazo, kodwa ukuxoxa iiprojekthi ezintsha. ababukeli eziqhelekileyo ngayo kwakhona umdla kakhulu, bamba umda. Ngaphandle imiba zobugcisa ichazwe ngu zentlalo. Architecture - kukudala izindlu zodidi yaye zokusebenza, ukwakhiwa izibhedlele kunye nezikolo, ngaphandle ukuthetha mntu ingamampunge.

anika umdla

• Ngo-2009, i "Golden Lion" ifumene notorious Yoko Ono ngegalelo lakhe ubugcisa.
• Le igcisa indala 57 Biennale, umfazi isiRomania Bretesku Goethe wayeneminyaka engama-91 ubudala.
• Ingongoma umdla - umsebenzi azithengiswa apha.
• Ngeenxa zonke eminqubeni kuba iintsuku-2.
• Boris Kustodiev - umzobi kuphela Russian, iphumelele ibhaso e Venice Biennale ngo-1907.
• Pablo uPicasso Akuvunyelwe ukubonisa umsebenzi wakhe kwi Biennale iminyaka engama-50.
• Amatikiti - 15-30 euro.