"War Nokuthula". Abantu babecinga ukuba inoveli L. N. Tolstogo. Heroes imifanekiso

UTolstoy waba nako ukubonisa zonke iinkalo zobomi eRashiya ngenkulungwane ye-19 yobuciko "War Noxolo". Abantu babecinga inoveli ezikhanyisayo ingakumbi eliqaqambileyo. Umfanekiso abantu ngokubanzi yenye esisiseko kunye kwisemantiki. Ngaphezu koko, akukho nto umlinganiswa wesizwe isifundo yomfanekiso kwinoveli. A ubhalo kazwelonke nga kuqondwa kuphela ukususela inkcazo yobomi bemihla ngemihla babantu, imbono yakhe ngoluntu ihlabathi, sizahlulele, iingcamango kunye nomkhethe.

umfanekiso wabantu

UTolstoy kwakuquka ingcamango "yabantu", kungekhona amajoni kuphela kunye nabalimi, kodwa asebukhosini, leyo imbono efanayo amaxabiso yokomoya noxolo. Kuyinto iingcinga le zombhali Kwabekwa isiseko lo amaqhawe "War Noxolo". Abantu babecinga inoveli ukuze kuthwelwe bonke abantu Simanywe ulwimi, imbali, inkcubeko kunye nommandla.

Ukusuka lo mbono, Tolstoy yi ngumsunguli, ngokuba phambi kwakhe iincwadi Russian ebesoloko yabamba umda ocacileyo phakathi abalimi kunye izikhulu. Ukucacisa incopho wakhe, umbhali ubuyeleyo amaxesha ezinzima kakhulu lonke Russia - kwiMfazwe Patriotic ka-1812.

Le kuphikiswa - ukulwa amadoda ilungileyo wabanumzana, kudityaniswe inzalelwane zabantu, emkhosini kunye nezangqa ngokwemimiselo, akukho ukwenza uqulukubhode, okanye ukwenza imibingelelo ngenxa ukhuseleko looBawo.

Umfanekiso we ubomi zamajoni eziqhelekileyo

Ubomi Umfanekiso iintlanga walibeka kwixesha loxolo waza lemfazwe, zimelwe kakuhle oyindumasi zikaTolstoy "War Noxolo". Abantu babecinga kwinoveli, Noko ke, inkoliso lubonakala ngexesha leMfazwe yeHlabathi yeSibini, xa bonke abemi eRashiya yayifanele ukuba babonise ukuqina, isisa nobuthandazwe.

Ngaphandle koku, nkqu imiqulu zokuqala ezimbini kwinoveli kukho iinkcazelo isigcawu womthonyama. Lo mfanekiso lamajoni Russian, xa inxaxheba kumaphulo amazwe, ukwenza ityala Amanyeneyo. Kuba amajoni eziqhelekileyo weza ebantwini, ngathi ukunyuka intaba ningaqondi - kutheni ukukhusela ilizwe labo?

imifanekiso ezoyikekayo sisondela Tolstoy. Umkhosi indlala, bemanyene, lowo iwuxhasayo, hayi amalungiselelo ukubonelela. Ayikwazanga kukhangela yeentlungu amajoni, igosa wagqiba kwelokuba baphinde babe Denisov zokutya webutho, omnye umntu, nto leyo iba nefuthe elibi umsebenzi wakhe. Kule isenzo iimpawu zibonakale zokomoya yabantu Russian.

"Imfazwe Uxolo": ingcamango ethandwa kwinoveli

Njengokuba sele sitshilo, ziyahlelwa amaqhawe Tolstoy Amanene best ukuhlobana ubomi babantu. Ngoko ke, i "ingcamango yabantu" kuzo zonke udibaniso ngomsonto obomvu. Ngoko ke, Per Bezuhov, yathinjwa, bayaziyo inyaniso sobomi utyhila kuye umlimi njengomntu oqhelekileyo. Yaye ukuba umntu angonwabi kuphela xa ubomi bayo ngaphezu. Sonwabe kufuneka kancinci.

Ngomhla entsimini Austerlitz Andrey Bolkonsky uziva uxhulumaniso wakhe nabantu. Yena ubamba eFlagstaff, ningathembi ukuba uya kuhamba emva kwakhe. Kodwa ke amajoni, ndibona ibhanile-bearer edabini. Unity wamajoni eziqhelekileyo namagosa omkhosi unika amandla ibonwe.

House kwinoveli "Imfazwe Noxolo" kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Kodwa akukho malunga uhombiso kunye nempahla. Lo mfanekiso wendlu Kufaka amaxabiso usapho. Ngaphezu koko, indlu yonke weRashiya, bonke abantu - usapho enye enkulu. Kungenxa yoko le nto Natasha Rostova licwangcisa kwakhona ukunika izinto zabo aze awanike wabangxwelerhiweyo.

Kungenxa kule ubunye Tolstoy ubona amandla ngokwenene abantu. Amandla unako ukuyoyisa kwi 1812 imfazwe.

Lemifanekiso abantu abaqhelekileyo

Kwanaphezu kumaphepha lokuqala umbhali inoveli uyila imifanekiso amajoni. Oku ehlelekile Lavrushka Denisov kunye umsindo wakhe roguish bazixovula Sidorov, hilariously amile isiFrentshi, noLazaro, lowo wamkela Order of uNapoleon ngokwakhe.

Noko ke, kule ndlu kwinoveli "Imfazwe Noxolo" yinto efunekayo, ngoko inkoliso amaqhawe abantu abaqhelekileyo kunokubonwa kwiinkcazo loxolo. Oku kuphakame enye ingxaki enkulu kwinkulungwane ye-19 - kwemithwalo serfdom. Tolstoy sibonisa njengoko Prince Bolkonsky endala, sizimisele ukohlwaya uFilipu barman, bakhohlwa ukuyalela umnini, wayinika amajoni. Ilinge ukwenza ubomi lula Pierre ngamakhoboka weza nto, njengoko umphathi baxoka ukuya kwigrafu.

abantu abasebenza

Ezininzi iingxaki uphawu uyilo Tolstoy uphakamisa ibonwe "War Noxolo". Ngokuxhomekeka zabasebenzi njengoko ngumbhali enkulu akukho ngaphandle. Umsebenzi kuhlangene kunye ubomi babantu. Ngaphezu koko, Tolstoy usebenzisa ukuba ukuchaza abalinganiswa, njengoko likubona kubaluleke kakhulu oku. Ukungenzi ekuqondeni umbhali uthetha amandla yokuziphatha, singabalulekanga nabangabufanelekelanga yomntu.

Kodwa lo msebenzi - oku nje umsebenzi, kumnandi. Ngoko ke, whipper uDaniyeli, abathatha inxaxheba ezingela, anikwe ityala ukuya ekupheleni, libonisa ingcali yokwenene, kwaye ukulungele inkanuko, nokuba udanduluka Bala Rostov.

Old valet Tikhon phambi ladityaniswa isikhundla sakhe ukuba uyaziqonda ngaphandle amazwi inkosi yakhe. A iyadi Anisa ubufanasini Tolstoy ngenxa zemibutho ulondolozo, sidlala nokuhleka. Ngokuba indlu yakhe nabanini indawo kumphambukeli elwayo, abantu esibathandayo. Woman nothando malunga nomsebenzi wakhe.

Abantu Russian kunye imfazwe

Kodwa nizole igqithile, waza waqalisa imfazwe. Isimo kunye nayo yonke imifanekiso kwi inoveli "War Noxolo". Bonke oonobumba, zombini udidi ephantsi eziphakamileyo, ifaka ingqiqo olunye 'izwe ubushushu yangaphakathi ". Le imvakalelo uba uphawu yesizwe sabantu Russian. It wamenza ziyakwazi yokuzincama. Elo lidini ukuba isigqibo isiphumo imfazwe ngoko bachukunyiswa amajoni isiFrentshi.

Omnye umahluko phakathi amajoni Russian ukusuka isiFrentshi - abasayi ukudlala imfazwe. Kuba abantu Russian, le ntlekele inkulu, apho akanakuba into elungileyo. amajoni Unknown Russian lokonwabela uvuyo edabini ezayo okanye imfazwe. Kodwa lo gama bonke elungele ukunika ubomi bakhe. Akukho ubugwala apha, amajoni bakulungele kufa, kuba umsebenzi wabo - ukukhusela kwilizwe. Ngaba eyodwa kuphela ngubani na "kum buhlungu kakhulu" - awatsho abantu bacinga Andrey Bolkonsky.

mood yamahlwempu amaqhawe

Umzimba kunye izandi Kukhazimlayo, inoveli "War Noxolo" umxholo yabantu. Ngaloo Tolstoy akazami ukuba idealize abantu. Umbhali ubonisa imifanekiso ebonisa spontaneity kunye ukungangqinelani of nabalimi neyethu. Umzekelo omhle woku - yemvukelo bogucharovsky, xa abalimi, ukufunda zibhabhayo French, wenqaba ukukhulula kwilifa Princess Mary. Amadoda ayakwazi ukunyoluka mnye, abanumzana ngathi Boris Drubetskoy okanye Berg, abo banomdla ukuphumela ezintlwini imfazwe. The French wathembisa imali, kwaye ngoku kubo wathobela. Noko ke, xa UNikolai Rostov bayalelwa ukuba bayeke i olahlwa uze unxibelelanise baphembeleli, kuba siziva abalimi lizaliseke imiyalelo yakhe.

Kwelinye icala, xa French waqalisa ukuya phambili, abantu bashiya amakhaya abo, batshabalalisa impahla abayinqobo, ukuze iintshaba iye unento.

Amandla Abantu

Kunjalo uyihlubile arcade games intsomi enkulukazi "War Noxolo". Kakuhle eli umsebenzi njengoko ixesha kukuveza amandla labantu Russian.

Xa umzabalazo kunye French, Russian nangona ukuba bakwazi ukulondoloza iimpawu ephakamileyo yokuziphatha. UTolstoy wabona ubukhulu uhlanga ayikho ukuba ngezixhobo ukuba boyise iintlanga ezingabamelwane, kodwa into yokuba olu hlanga , ekucuthekeni ke kwamaxesha naizhestochayshie unako lwabaligcinayo isiko, nobuntu kunye nesimo onobabalo ngayo utshaba. Umzekelo woku isiqephu kokuhlangula umthetheli French Ramballe.

Tikhon Shcherbaty UPlato Karataev

Ukuba Bahlalutya inoveli "War Noxolo" yi sahluko, qiniseka ukuba ukutsala ingqalelo ezi abalinganiswa ababini. Ashinyeneyo, kubandakanywe ibe ibali, wayefuna ukubonisa ziyadlelana ngexesha elinye icala lomlinganiswa yesizwe Russian. Makhe sithelekise le balinganiswa:

Plato Karataev - ijoni intle kwaye swii ababesakuba ukuthobela ngokululama ikamva.

Tikhon Shcherbaty - smart, izigqibo, yamahlwempu ngqindilili none- abangazange ukwamkela isiphelo kwaye uza kuyichasa ngenkuthalo kuyo. Wenyuka waya emkhosini waza waduma ngenxa yokuba wabulala French kakhulu.

Ezi abalinganiswa ehlanganiswe amacala amabini umlinganiswa Russian: ukuthobeka, umonde kwelinye icala, kunye umnqweno esisuka ukulwa - kwelinye icala.

Bakholelwa kunjalo ukuba ibonakala ngokucacileyo scherbatovskoe ekuqaleni kwinoveli,, kunye karataevskaya ubulumko nomonde nje kusala ngasemva.

iziphumo

Ngenxa yoko, abantu umdlali ophambili kwi "War Noxolo". Ngokutsho kwintanda-bulumko Tolstoy, umntu akakwazi ukutshintsha imbali, kodwa amandla nomnqweno abantu bayakwazi oko. Ngoko ke, uNapoleon wagqiba ukuhlengahlengisa ihlabathi, waphelelwa ngamandla lonke uhlanga.