US sezulu. Imozulu ye Intshona Melika - itafile. Imozulu of South America

Akekho umntu enokukuphika ukuba imozulu United States kakhulu iyantlukwano, kwaye inokuba nomahluko ukusuka kwenye inxalenye yelizwe kangaka kwelinye icala, ukuba maxa wambi, ehamba moya, willy-liqhubeke, uqala ukuba ucinge ukuba isiphelo lakho kwelinye ilizwe ishiywe. Ukususela ntaba entabeni, iminqwazi ikhephu efihlakeleyo, xa kukho into iiyure kwendiza unako ngokwakho ukufumana entlango, apho ukukhula Cacti, yaye ngokukodwa kwiminyaka ezomileyo kakhulu ukuba kufa lunxano okanye ubushushu kakhulu.

Abantu abaninzi ngempazamo abakholelwa ukuba imozulu yoMzantsi Melika nakuMntla ngokufanayo, ie ukuba ziphindwa ngathi umfanekiso esipilini. Oko akukho ngaphezu kokuba ulahlekiso. Ngapha koko, uyabona, iimeko zemozulu, ingakumbi kwi-sikhokelo woNyaka, akhiwa kuphela ngokuxhomekeke indawo yezwekazi. A indima enkulu kule nkqubo fanele nayo izityalo zengingqi, ubukho okanye ukungabikho imisinga ukubanda lifudumele, ukuphakama kwiintaba phambi uxinezeleko.

Ngoko ke ngubani na imozulu eUnited States xa bebonke? Yintoni lokulindela kwimozulu onyaka ezahlukeneyo? Zama ukuqonda kunye.

Icandelo 1. Ulwazi jikelele

Indawo enkulu United States baye ezahlukahlukeneyo iimeko zemozulu. Apha uyakwazi ukufumana kwiindawo apho phantse yonke yokusebenza yemozulu.

Ngokutsho kweengcali, ifuthe elibonakalayo US lwemozulu zonke indawo ngokwejiyografi inxalenye ethile kwelo lizwe.

Formation lohlobo yezulu yamaxesha onyaka ngaphakathi kummandla kuxhomekeke mphandle, imisinga yolwandle kunye nezinye izinto. Eyona ndawo iphambili kurhulumente, ibekwe ukuya ezantsi, ibekwe kwindawo sikwisubtropic, emantla imozulu of America has zonke iinkalo uhlobo zokumodareyitha.

Hawaii naseMzantsi Florida ezi ndawo, Alaska imozulu ezingundoqo kwiingingqi polar yomhlaba. ihewu US yinduli esezantsi kolundi luphawulwa semi-iyintlango kwemozulu, kunye nonxweme California - imozulu lweMeditera. Plateau Great Basin kunye indawo ngeenxa ibekwe kwindawo zemozulu ngokoma.

Hi ndlela leyi, akakho umntu enokukuphika isibakala ukuba iimeko imozulu intle wadlala indima enkulu kwi ukulungisa yeli lizwekazi.

Icandelo 2. US imozulu kunye neempawu nokubunjwa kwayo

A ifuthe olubonakalayo ngokwexabiso kwezulu na umsinga jet lokumpompoza umoya, nto leyo ukufuma kwi North Pacific.

Izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba imozulu North America (Itheyibhile 1) tshintshwa ikakhulu ngenxa zinto zilandelayo ekhankanywe ngezantsi.

umoya emanzi unkcenkceshele kunxweme olusentshona eUnited States. Kwi ntshonalanga rhoqo iyana, kwaye le mimandla kufuneka nekhephu kakhulu ebusika. E California, inkoliso kwezulu iwela ekwindla yaye ebusika, ehlotyeni kuba njani na kowomileyo kunye kushushu. yoko kucingwa ukuba imozulu United States wasentshona kaninzi kuye kufuneke ukuba ungathanda ukuba abasuka evela Central Russia. Imo yezulu apha phantse ayitshintshanga, njengoko amaxesha ukutshintsha kukho ecacileyo neqondakalayo.

Ukuqonda yonke ukufuma Cascade kunye Rocky Mountains, Sierra Nevada, yaye isiphumo ebizwa ngokuba isithunzi imvula, nto leyo ichaphazela imozulu kwi ngasentshonalanga Great Plains.

Hi ndlela leyi, asinguye wonk 'umntu uyazi kude ukuba imvula-isithunzi nayo yafak' isandla ukuvela Valley Ukufa esentlango ye Basin Great. Xa umlambo yokungqubana jet kunye nomoya we-Gulf of Mexico kukho izaqhwithi eyomeleleyo kunye izulu. Kuxhomekeka emoyeni ubunzima lobushushu utshintsho kwenzeka. Oku linokwanda okanye linciphe.

Icandelo 3. Imbalela

imozulu ishushu ne imvula encinane ngethuba elandisiweyo kukhokelela ziimbalela, nto leyo eUnited States - into rhoqo, kwaye nemiphumela emibi kakhulu.

Ke enkulu, ke, kuxhomekeke kwindawo enye okanye enye inxalenye lizwe. Ngokomzekelo, imozulu North America (Itheyibhile 1), ubushushu lineziphumo ngaphantsi kwe nakwabanye mmandla, kodwa kunjalo kwabangela ziintlekele ilizwe lithandwa ubukhulu becala.

Umzekelo, imbalela phakathi 1931 no 1940, ngokuba uluthuli Bowl, phantse bazitshabalalisa zonke iifama Enkulu Plains. Eyabizwa ziwe loo Kwakhona kuye kwaphawulwa ngo 1999-2004.

Kodwa ke imbalela wokugqibela, owenzeka e California, yaba enamandla kakhulu kwaye kwakhokelela ukomisa Lake Folsom, apho imikhondo yokuhlala kwegolide zisaqala. Kwezinye iindawo imo yonxunguphalo sabhengezwa. sezulu Dry kuye kwanciphisa zolondolozo amanzi amadama Project Water System State, yaye abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi 25 basala ngaphandle kwamanzi.

Icandelo 4. inkanyamba kakhulu buhlungu

US kukhokelela inani inkanyamba, ezo uphawu yemozulu karhulumente. Ezi iinkanyamba ukulahleka awoluntu nezinto. Le isilinganiselo a qwa inkanyamba siren ezikhethekileyo, nazo zonke izindlu banikwe indawo yokusithela. Isizathu kukuba esesibhakabhakeni zidada yokungqubana komoya kweshushu mass. Usoloko inkanyamba kwenzeka ekuthiwa-Tornado Alley, leyo eye imimandla apho ezi zemvelo zizinto eziqhelekileyo.

Ngo-Epreli walo nyaka Tupelo, Mississippi inkanyamba wambetha enamandla yabulala abantu abangaphezu kwama-20 baye baba. Element ukusilela kunye namanye amazwe US, nangokubulala, kwalimala inkitha yabantu, yatshabalalisa amakhaya kunye imigca zonxibelelwano.

iinkanyamba Icandelo 5 e American

Iinkanyamba - kwizimanga zendalo, nto leyo eqhelekileyo kweli lizwe. US kwemozulu ikhuthaza nokudaleka.

Ingakumbi azichaphazeleki koku iindawo lwentlekele kunxweme lwasempumalanga, Islands Hawaiian kunye States owayamene Gulf of Mexico. Ixesha inkanyamba ithatha ngoJuni ukuya kutsho ngoDisemba. Eyona engundoqo ngesibetho ixesha ukususela ngo-Agasti ukuya ku-Oktobha. Le iinkanyamba zintlanu ezinamandla ziquka: "Katrina", "Ike", "uWilma", "uYohane" yaye "Charlie."

Inkokeli phakathi kwabo inkanyamba "Katrina". Ilungu ekupheleni kuka Agasti 2005 yaba yeyona etshabalalisayo kwimbali US. hit nzima New Orleans eLouisiana. Ngaphezu kwama-80% yendawo sixeko aba phantsi kwamanzi, wababulala abantu abangaphezu kwama-1,800, umonakalo ukusuka ntlekele yaba 125 billion US zeerandi.

Kwenkanyamba yesihlanu lonyaka-2008 yaba "Ike", wafumana 4 kwisikali umngcipheko "Saffir-Simpson." Storm libetha kunxweme womzantsi-mpuma eUnited States, isantya somoya zafikelela 130 km ngeyure. Nombindi inkanyamba ibekwe 1.150 km mpuma wesixeko Wilmington (North Carolina). Ukonakala ukusuka ntlekele yaba 30 billion US zeerandi.

Kwanele makuqhutyekwe engeluncedo lwanto emvula siphango inkanyamba "uWilma". Ngowe-2005, waba amandla lesithandathu wazisa umonakalo omkhulu. Amandla ephambili kwenkanyamba eyehlela kwi weYucatán kunye Florida. Ngokubulala abantu malunga 62 kunye nelahleko yezoqoqosho yaba 29 billion US zeerandi.

6. Izikhukula Icandelo kwi US

izikhukula ezininzi zenzeka ngexesha zizikhukula ezinkulu. Iimpawu US isiqabu kwakhona kuchaphazela inkangeleko yazo. Umzekelo, kukho isiphango unako ngokukhawuleza niwuzalise mwonyo kunye nokuphakamisa umgangatho wamanzi. nezikhukhula kudala babe iimvula ezinkulu, ngenxa apho iifayile zenzeka landslides.

Umlambo inkulu yenzekile ngoMeyi 2011, uphethwe ezisibhozo US States. Lithe inqanaba lamanzi i-Mississippi River Uvukile izihlandlo eziliqela, ukwanda ngokukhawuleza ngoku. Intlekele phantse watshabalalisa isixeko New Orleans. Ububanzi lomlambo Tennessee liye landa amaxesha 6 waphuphuma indawo enkulu. Kwaye phezu lomlanjana Cumberland kukhokelele kulahlekelwa bubomi kwaye sabangela umonakalo izinto kakhulu.

Icandelo 7. Uphi na amaninzi iinyikima zenzeke?

yonke indawo kunxweme olusentshona North America ibhekisela kwindawo ekuthiwa-Pacific ibhanti umlilo, apho kukho iinyikima ezininzi. Le ndawo ikwaquka indawo ukusuka Alaska kumzantsi California. Ingakumbi mlilo kwi Range Cascade kwi ntshona United States. Kodwa umsebenzi mlilo e Hawaii, edume mlilo zayo, akukho yingozi ebantwini.

Le nyikima kakhulu kwinkulungwane yokugqibela elingesiganeko sakutshanje eWashington. Barr baziva abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-12. Waba nombindi Virginia. Ayizange ibe umonakalo omkhulu. Kodwa ukuba yalapho iye ibekwe ngaphakathi kumgama ukuhamba ukusuka eWashington okanye New York, kungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Wezazi bathi ezi intlokoma kungummangaliso kwaye ufumane ithile emkhathazayo.

Icandelo utshintsho 8. kwemozulu

Njengoko kubonakala ulwazi oluvezwe apha ngasentla, iintlobo zemozulu e North America zahlukahlukene kakhulu, kodwa azikwazi kubizwa ngokuba izinzile. Kutheni? Inyaniso kukuba ukususela kunyaka iingcali waphawula iinguqu ezibalulekileyo kulo nyaka.

Ngaloo ndlela, izifundo ziikristale ice umoya aye abonisa ukuba okukule CO ₂ emoyeni liye landa nge-40%. Ngokutsho izazinzulu, oku kubangelwe kwimisebenzi yabantu. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba CO ₂ lilungu usemthethweni zezulu, umntu eziphili kwamafutha yokutsha angafundisi umjikelo carbon yendalo kunye surplus ukuwa kwayo ngoLwesithathu. Uchatha CO ₂ umxholo kwixesha elizayo kukhokelela ekwandeni kwamaqondo nje kuphela elo lizwe kodwa ehlabathini lonke ubuso xa iyonke.

Xa kuthelekiswa ne yokugqibela leminyaka izinga ukunyuka lobushushu avareji kwathotha. Kodwa ke kule meko alukhabi ezinye iinguqu kwihlabathi zalathisi obushushu.

Ukufudumala a izidanga ezimbalwa inokuba ngunobangela kakhulu ukuba alarm. Nokuba unxaxho encinane kuchaphazela utshintsho indawo kwamaqondo obushushu kunye imvula, ngokunjalo kwandiswa inani sezulu esibi.