Uninzi inkuthazo nonefuthe iincwadi: A list, inkcazelo kunye nohlolo

iincwadi ezikhuthazayo - imveliso ukuba ukutshintsha umntu. Phantsi impembelelo yabo, kwakheka sengqondo. Baye into kukhuthaza, ukuphembelela inyathelo, kwaye ukutshintsha ihlabathi embilwini. Kwezinye, nangona iimeko ezinqabileyo, ziyakwazi kusengaphambili ikamva. Wonke umntu efunda incwadi oyithandayo okanye ezinye ezinjalo. Yintoni le mveliso? Uluhlu 'ncwadi Top ezikhuthazayo "xa umntu ngamnye. Kodwa kukho iziqwenga kufuneka nje ukwazi.

Yintoni ukufunda?

Nyaka ngamnye, izigidi iincwadi ezipapashwe ehlabathini. Kaloku isahlulo sekhulu kubo ayikwazi ukufunda. Kwaye kuyingenelo? Emva koko, wonke umsebenzi wobugcisa kuba nefuthe kuyingenelo.

Nabani na oye wafunda ngembali uncwadi yehlabathi, sijoliswe ehlabathini ncwadi lula. Sele ufunde amakhulu imisebenzi, phakathi kwawo kukho ncwadi ezikhuthazayo, nabo esirhesha kukudakumba. Enye indoda ukufunda imisebenzi nje embalwa ezakudala ezinkulu ebomini bakhe, kwaye ngokwenza njalo phantsi ibakhathazayo, akasoze akwazi ukuqonda amandla amakhulu uncwadi.

"Ndixelele, yintoni na le ukufunda yaye ndiza kukuxelela ukuba ungubani na." aphorism odumileyo UEuripides 'nga kungabekwa. Incwadi ingaba umhlobo wenene enokusetyenziselwa ukuxhasa ngamaxesha anzima kwaye ukunceda ukufumana indlela yokuphuma kwimeko ebonakala ithemba. Kukho ezininzi iinketho uluhlu lwamabali ngokwabo, ngathi ukuba "incwadi ezikhuthazayo." Nakweyiphi na ukukholwa umsunguli uluhlu ayikho imfuneko. Kodwa yintoni lisebenze reviews abafundi nobunzima kakhulu kufuneka nje ukufunda?

"Ulwaphulo-mthetho kunye Zokohlwaya"

Inkqubo yesikolo ibandakanya imisebenzi ekufuneka ukwazi wonke. Noko ke, ukuze baqonde intsingiselo enzulu iinoveli ka Dostoevsky kunye Tolstoy kunzima ukuya kwiminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu okanye ishumi elinesithandathu. Phantse engenakwenzeka. Mercy Sony Marmeladova nako ukuphichotha kuphela umntu omdala, emva apho amava obomi amahla ndinyuka, nokuphoxeka ...

Xa ubomi kuza indawo wumbe, yaye abantu baqonde ukuba imali okanye umsebenzi ayikhange ibe nako ukuzisa uxolo lwengqondo, uncwadi ethandwayo kwi psychology of ndawo. "Iincwadi Inspirational" Devida Karnegi ngendlela yokufumana indlela novelwano loogxa nokumkholisa umqeshi, bangabasindisi nokubasindisa kukudakumba. Kwimeko enjalo, kufuneka sibe uncwadi nzulu kakhulu. Omnye umzekelo inoveli ongafiyo "Ulwaphulo-mthetho kunye Zokohlwaya." Ulutsha akukhathalwa njengoko ibali umcuphi malunga umfundi, bebulewe kunye endala nomfazi-itshivela. Abantu abadala-nye abantu - njengencwadi lobulumko inceba nemfesane. Konke oku akubanga ngokwaneleyo njengokuba njengakwimihla Dostoevsky kunye namhlanje. Kungenxa yoko le nto inoveli yi ezakudala ezinkulu Russian umdla kubafundi mihla, yaye, ngokutsho ncomo ezininzi, iyasebenza namhlanje njengangaphambili.

"Mfundisi noMargarita"

Phakathi imisebenzi uncwadi Russian kukho iincwadi, ngokwenene ubomi ngaphandle ubuxoki nokuba ligwala. Iincwadi ezinceda siphephe mposiso eziyingozi. One of them - inoveli "The Master noMargarita." Ukuze uqinisekise oku, kufuneka ulifunde, yaye ingqalelo ekhethekileyo - izahluko eyahlulelwe ukuba koPontiyo Pilato. wayeyirhuluneli Fifth lakwaYuda wayeqinisekile msulwa lamabanjwa. Kodwa akazange enze nto ukuba balahle isohlwayo sentambo. Kwaye emva kokuba lo Mthetho bubugwala waza wabandezeleka ngexesha lokuphila kwakhe, yaye emva kweenkulungwane ezininzi emva koko.

Le mveliso kwakhona zifakwe kuluhlu olusisinyanzelo iimbekiselo, ekufuneka unokongamela wonke umfundi kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo Russian. Nangona kunjalo, lo inoveli "iNkosi noMargarita" ubhetyebhetye kakhulu. Kuyo kukho subplots eziliqela. Ngamnye kubo, esazi ngokwahlukileyo ngokuxhomekeke kubudala labo nokunyusa amazinga ingqondo yomfundi.

Mhlawumbi kungekhona imisebenzi uncwadi Russian, abathe bona baba ncomo ezininzi ezintle. inoveli Bulgakov malunga eninzi sana. Waba ndaba inani elikhulu amanqaku ezibalulekileyo. Kwaye koku kuphela icebisa ukuba funda "Mfundisi noMargarita" kuyimfuneko. Le inoveli, Kakade, kunganxulunyaniswa imisebenzi udidi "Le ncwadi ezikhuthazayo."

"Enye Flew Kule Nest nengabangaba kaThixo"

Inkululeko unfreedom ... iingqiqo zabo nentsingiselo icacile nkqu umntwana. Kukhona neze umntu ehlabathini okulungeleyo ukuphulukana ngokuzithandela geqe. Noko ke, abantu abaninzi ehlabathini abakulo swii kwezinye iimeko. Ukuba uyakwazi ukutshintsha oku, kodwa musa nobuganga nokuba azame.

Inkululeko lunikezelwa isihloko Ken Kesey inoveli. Ngomhla umbuzo uhlobo lencwadi uphefumlela oko ubomi utshintsho, ukuthatha umngcipheko kukuphelisa naluphi na uhlobo yokuxhomekeka, iingcali ze impendulo iprozi mihla: "Enye Flew Kule Nest nengabangaba kaThixo."

Non-free isenokungabi umntu kuphela unyango ngokunyanzelekileyo kwisibhedlele sabagula ngengqondo. Ngoko ke lowo owenza umsebenzi ngemihla inzondo okanye kuhlala mntu akathandwa. Ukuze ukutshintsha iimeko ebomini, kufuneka amandla - ngoko ubephethwe iqhawe Kesey, McMurphy. It umngcipheko ukulahlekelwa yinto yokugqibela anako - ubomi - kodwa iyandoyisa. Ngapha koko, le nto zexabiso umntu unokuba - kodwa inkululeko yakhe.

Iincwadi ezikhuthaza ubomi tshintsho, kufuneka ifundwe ngenyameko ngawo futhi. Xa imisebenzi iincwadi zakudala akukho iimpendulo ngqo kwaye monosyllabic kwimibuzo engunaphakade ngentsingiselo yobomi. Wonke umfundi uya kubafumana ngokwakho. Incwadi malunga izigulane zengqondo liyifumene uthando izigidi zabafundi. Kwaye abaninzi babo bathi Kesey inoveli Kufuneka Ukufunda kuba imbali McMurphy okhohlakeleyo, kodwa ifundisa ubomi.

"Martin Eden"

Ezikhuthazayo, iincwadi ezinika inkuthazo musa kusoloko want. Enye yezi zenzo - inoveli "Martin Eden". Nangona imisebenzi hero Jack London uthe wafa, ibali lakhe athinte kunye usenza.

seaman Ordinary wagqiba ngenye imini sizifundise, kodwa uncwadi umhlaba ukuze zifakwe ukuba afunde nje kuphela, kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha kunye nokudala iprozi yakho. Ubomi bakhe itshintshile. Waba ngumbhali odumileyo. Ulonwabo lo mlinganiswa msebenzi zoncwadi akazange eze. Kodwa ekunyamezeleni yakhe kwaye ukukwazi ukusebenza, njengako izigxeko emininzi kwinoveli of London, Oyinoneleleyo yaye usenza intshukumo.

"Ukuze Bulala i Mockingbird"

Incwadi Harper Lee efundisa inceba nobulungisa. Abantu ngamanye amaxesha kakhulu kangangokuba bakulungele ukwenza umntu omsulwa kuphela ngenxa yokuba akazange nje yonke into.

Umfana emnyama etyholwa ngokudlwengula intombi emhlophe. Nangona yokuba zonke iingongoma ubungqina umsulwa, ngelithi evotelweyo nxamnye nayo. Nangona kunjalo, lo mxholo uphambili kwinoveli umbhali American alikho ukungalingani ngokobuhlanga, kwaye izithethe ezixabisekileyo zosapho - imeko ngaphandle kobunyulu akukho mntwana uya kuze ube ngumntu enobuntu yokuziphatha. Kungenxa yoko le nto kusifikeleyo oku msebenzi iqukiwe izintlu ezahlukeneyo zoncwadi olucetyiswayo.

"White on Black"

Le ncwadi iye zuza lukhulu lokubuyekeza ezintle. Nangona yokuba yapapashwa ngowe-2002, kukho ikho ngubani akuzanga kuviwe phakathi abalandeli iincwadi lwanamhlanje. Yintoni uchazela ukuthandwa loo ncwadi?

Wonke umntu ebomini, kungekudala kuza ixesha xa kubonakala ukuba yena wayengonwabanga, engathandwa yedwa. Loo urhulumente uza ahambe. Umntu unako ukumelana ukudangala kwingcinezelo yedwa. Abanye abantu badinga inkxaso nabantu ababathandayo. Kodwa ingcamango "Ndim abantu abaninzi lilolo kwaye ungonwabanga ehlabathini," ubuncinane okomzuzwana uza phantse wonke entloko.

URuben Gallego wabhala umsebenzi ngokuphila, emva kokufunda ukuba umfundi yedwa xa ubuthathaka bakhe kunye ubugwala. hero yencwadi - umntu okhubazekileyo, owayephumelele leenkedama. Uye ukhubazeke imilenze yakhe ingalo enye. Yena wayeyinkedama. Kwaye Yena a iqhawe.

URuben Gallego wakhulela leenkedama eSoviet, izakhono zakhe zokwenyama ngaphezu kuphela. Kodwa wasinda waza wabhala incwadi apho sichazwe inkohlakalo abongikazi, ootitshala baziziyatha, ngabandayo oogqirha. Yaye wakwenza oko isigqebelo enjalo nobulumko, kunye sengqondo uyazehlisa enjalo inkohlakalo yabantu nemfesane, ethe kwabanye, emva kokufunda umsebenzi, nokuzisizela awufuni ixesha elide kakhulu. Yiya kuzo zonke izangqa zelabafileyo zokubhoda Soviet kwaye ubhale incwadi ngayo - akunjalo ubuqhawe?

"The Little Prince"

Le nentsomi odumileyo umzekeliso yombhali French enikelwe amaxabiso bokwenene ebantwini. iingcinga bulumko besive lamaqhawe Exupery, ezilula kunye nobuhlakani. Lo msebenzi wenziwa ukuba acebise ukuba ukufundela abantwana. Kodwa abantu abadala, ukuba bayaqonda ubulumko eziqulathwe kuyo. Mhlawumbi, ke ngoko, elaqotyolwayo Exupery ludumile abafundi abadala.

"Fahrenheit 451"

Roman Bredberi, eyapapashwa okokuqala ngo-1953, oku kunxulumene kakhulu namhlanje, kwinkulungwane xxi. Ubomi ubuza isingqisho crazy. indoda Modern uphelelwe ukukwazi ukubona uyolo ezilula, kunandipha ubuhle. Ke okona kubalulekileyo, abantu ayinanto ukufunda. Ukufunda incwadi elungileyo busenza ukuba umsebenzi yokomoya ngokwasengqondweni. Kwaye ixesha kuba mbalwa kakhulu.

Romana Bredberi namaqhawe indawo wobugcisa ehlekisayo kunye TV. ngqondweni yabo atrophied, ukukwazi ukuphulaphula omnye elinye ixesha elide iye yalahleka. Yaye zihlala kwihlabathi ngumntu, ngaphandle bengaboni. Kodwa umhlaba kungekudala ziwe kamva.

I inoveli "Fahrenheit 451" uphendula lo mbuzo, Yintoni na uncwadi nobugcisa.

Kuluncwadi self-ukuphucula

iincwadi ezikhuthazayo for self-zophuhliso - esebenza ukuba kwiivenkile namhlanje akhoyo kwemfuneko. Indlela ukuze uphumelele ebomini buqu kunye nobungcali? Nendlela yokuzifumana loloyiko ukucalulwa ezahlukeneyo? Indlela ukufunda indlela yokufumana phandle ukudandatheka? Nendlela ukwazi ihlabathi engaphakathi omnye umntu ngaphandle kokuba izangoma? Yonke le mibuzo iyaphendulwa ngababhali abaninzi. Ibiya kuthetha ukuba naziphi na iingxaki zobomi ingasombululwa. Kuyimfuneko kuphela ukuthenga incwadi efanelekileyo. Kwaye ke sikhokelo kakhulu emangalisayo eyenzelwe ababhali nabo banqwenela ukuba. Xa ezinjalo imisebenzi ngendlela ebekwe yonke into ofuna ukuyazi umbhali entsha, ukubhala, uze ukupapasha kwinoveli ihlelo. Ndifanele ndikholelwe ekubeni ababhali wokudala "zokuncedisa ekufundiseni 'ezinjalo?

"Le ntaka intaka"

Iincwadi enikelwe umsebenzi kakhulu namhlanje. Fumanisa into ebalulekileyo kukuba akukho lula phakathi ubunzima nenkcazelo engenamsebenzi. Kodwa ngokutsho ingxelo evela abafundi, kubandakanywa inani elikhulu iincwadi ezinjalo kukunika incwadi "Iintaka intaka." Anne Lamott ayiniki iingcebiso, oku kulandelayo apho umfundi uya kuba umbhali ithandwa uze ube sisityebi. Kodwa umsebenzi wakhe uphefumlela, ikhuthaza uphuhliso self. Ukongeza, malunga bakhona bathethe abafundi ngokuqinisekileyo eziqhelekileyo, hayi baphupha na umxakatho kukaStefano King.

Iincwadi, ngokoluvo abafundi, kufuneka ngokuqinisekileyo ufunde, unako kwakhona ziquka oku kulandelayo:

• "I esegumbini" ngu P. Coelho;
• "Wena ngonaphakade" L. Rampa;
• "I isipho Point" yi M. Gladwell;
• "Amaqabane ezintathu" Amazwi E. M.;
• "35 wayedla ithemba" A. Gavalda;
• "Art ube" V. Levy;
• "Steppenwolf" yi G. Hesse;
• "Wheel of Ixesha" Carlos Castaneda.

Ngoko ke, yintoni 'ncwadi ezikhuthazayo "? Uluhlu iimveliso zinceda ukumelana neengxaki zobomi? Iincwadi zivuse lomntu arcade games? Mhlawumbi oku imisebenzi boncwadi ukuba abe uhlobo CTLI elwandle engapheliyo ebomini. Bathi ukwalathisa, ubakhanyisele indlela, kwaye ngexesha elifanayo ukunika amandla.

Okokugqibela kubalulekile ukukhumbula amazwi iincwadi Hemingway ngokuphathelele umgangatho. Umbhali american ayekholelwa ukuba yonke imisebenzi elungileyo ziyafana kwelinye: emva kokufunda kwabo kubonakala ukuba umfundi ukuba ngaye ngokwakhe, malunga iimvakalelo zakhe, intlungu yaye bazisole.