Umzobo wocingo kwindlu yangasese kunye neendlu

Ukwakha indlu yelizwe lakho liphupha liphi na umntu ohlala kulo mzi. Khawucinge nje ukuba kumnandi kangakanani ukusebenza kuloo mzi yonke imini, kwaye ukhathele ukubuyela kwiphandle kwaye uphefumle umoya omtsha. Nangona kunjalo, ukulungiswa kweso sikolo kuya kufuneka kwenziwe imizamo eninzi. Ngokuqinisekileyo, umsebenzi ophezulu kunoma yiyiphi ikwakhiwa ukulungiswa kweendonga, uphahla kunye nokuhlobisa kwangaphakathi endlwini. Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha lokuphuhliswa kweprojekthi, umzobo wesibambiso kwindlu yabucala kufuneka isele iqhutywe ngokucacileyo, kuba akukho ndawo yokuhlala yanamhlanje ayiyenzi ngaphandle kwemimiselo yenkqubela-i-TV, iseshoni, isikhulu somculo nezinye izixhobo zendlu. Ukuba awuyi kuhlawula ngokwaneleyo ukwakhiwa kwengxenye yombane yendlu, kuya kuba nzima ukufaka izixhobo zombane. Oku kufuneka kukhunjulwe naliphi na umqhubi ophuhlisa isicatshulwa sokubamba ekhaya ngezandla zakhe.

Kutheni sifuna icebo elenziwe kakuhle?

Njengoko kwacaca, kuyimfuneko ukucinga yonke into ngaphambi kokuba kuqaliswe ukwakhiwa. Ngokuqinisekileyo, kunokwenzeka ukwakha iintambo ngeenxa zonke kwindlu ngaphambi kokugqiba, nangona amava afanelekileyo kumbane, nangona kunjalo, umzobo weshishini kwindlu yangasese kufuneka yenziwe ngaphambi kwangaphambili. Oku kuya kuvumela ukuba iqwalasele ezinye iimeko zokupakisha ubugcisa bebhokisi "yeendawo zokuhlala. Ukongeza:

1. Umzobo wendiza kwindlu yangasese iya kunika umfanekiso opheleleyo wesidingo sokuthenga zonke izinto ezifunekayo zokufakela: iifowuni, iibhokisi zesikhokelo, iziseko, ukutshintsha kunye nezinye izihlwele; ukujikeleza ngasinye kwisitoreji kuya kuba nzima kakhulu emsebenzini.

2. Zonke izibalo ezifunekayo zenziwe kwixwebhu loyilo lokufakelwa kombane ukuchonga indawo efunekayo yamacandelo, kunye neerameters of other devices - i-switchboard, amamitha kagesi, ukukhusela ngokuzenzekelayo, okuya kunceda ukukhusela imeko yongxamisekileyo.

Ngendlela efanelekileyo yokwenza njani iphrojekthi?

Umzobo wombane wombane kwindawo yangasese ayiyikuphela kuphela ukusetyenziswa kokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zombane ezikhoyo kwixesha elizayo, kodwa kunye nokukhuseleko kwalo msebenzi, ngoko ke kufanele ukuba iphathiswe kwiinjineli zogesi eziqeqeshekileyo eziye zafunda zonke iinkalo ezincinci kunye nezingxaki. Nangona kunjalo, oku akuthethi ukuba awukwazi ukwenza le projekthi ngokwakho. Makhe sixoxe ngezinto ezisiseko eziya kufuneka kule nto.
Ngoko ke, uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lokunikezela ngombane kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni ngumgca womoya ngombane we-0.4 kV. Kwifowuni yokufakelwa kwesekethe - ingxowa yongeniso - iza iingcingo ezintathu ukusuka kumgca ophezulu: i-PEN esebenzayo, isigaba L kunye nokhuselo oluthile. Kungekudala, iphaneli yombane ifakwe ngaphandle kwesakhiwo. Kule bhloko kukho imitha kagesi kunye nokutshintsha ngokuzenzekelayo (siza kuthetha ngabo ngezantsi).

Iifowuni ezivela "kumkeli" zingena ngaphakathi kwindlu yecalaji yombane yangaphakathi, emva koko umzobo wendiza endlwini yangasese ifaka kumaqela amaninzi abasebenzisi bamandla abalulekileyo:

1. Iziseko;
2. Izixhobo zokukhanyisa;
3. Iqela leshishini (iziseko, iibhola ezikhanyayo, zitshintshela kumagumbi okubonelela, umzekelo, amagumbi okugcina okanye izixhobo zokuncedisa, kunye nezinye izakhi zedagram yomnxeba endlini);
4. Iqela lamandla elifunekayo ukunika amandla amadivaysi amandla amakhulu - ibheyili, ibhoyili, njl.

Ukuze umbane ukhuseleke, umzobo wendiza endlwini yokhuni (isitena okanye ibhloko, oku kusebenza kwakhona) kufuneka unikeze amacebo okukhusela kuwo onke amaqela achazwe. Yintoni na? Khawucinge ngomzekelo apho, ngesizathu esithile, isiphaluka esifutshane sisenzeka ekukhanyeni. Ukuba kukho enye i-circuit breaker-breaker kwi-switchboard, ukukhanya kuyo yonke indlu kuya kunqunyulwa, kwaye oko kuthetha ukuba kuya kuba nzima kunzima ukulungisa yonke into. Ukuba ngaba oomatshini beqela ngalinye, ke indlu ayiyi kuhlala ingenawo umbane. Ukuba kukho i-2 phantsi, kucetyiswa ukuba ufake i-switchboard eyahlukeneyo.

Ukulandelelana kwezixhobo kwiibheyili okanye i-bulb elula kulandelayo:

- umatshini wokuqala, efakwe ngaphandle;

- umbane wamanzi;

- Umshini wangaphakathi-bhino womnye-mnye (esifanelekileyo kwi-wiring-phase phase), apho uhamba khona kwinqanaba le-zero okanye lesigaba;

- ibhasi ye-zero;

Oomatshini ozenzekelayo ngamnye kumacandelo abaqhubi (ukuya kwizihlalo kunye njalo njalo);

Ibha yento.

Umzobo wesibane wombane kwindlu yokhuni isicwangciso sokubala ubude beetambo. Ngoko ke, okukhethwa kukho kukubonakalisa izinto kwikhadi elilodwa lecebo lendlu. Ngoko uya kuqwalasela ngokucophelela ukubekwa kweziseko, ukutshintsha, iibhola zokukhanya, njl njl.

I-Electricians iphinda iqulunqe umzobo weskimu, kodwa oku kufuna ulwazi olongezelelweyo, ngoko ke ukuba usebenza ngokuzimeleyo, ungashiya loo nto.

Iziphakamiso kunye nemithetho

Ngokomgaqo, akunandaba, umzobo weshishini uphuhliswa kwi "Khrushchev" okanye kwindlu yelizwe leenkuni. Kukho nawuphi na, kuyafaneleka ukuqwalasela ezinye iinkqubo zomsebenzi wehlabathi okhoyo wokufakela umbane oya kunceda ukwandisa inani leemveliso kunye neendawo zokuhambisa ezikhoyo ngaphandle kokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zombane:

1. Umtshintshi olungele ukona nguye ohlala ngasecaleni komnyango ukusuka kwicala loqhotyoshelweyo. Ukhetho olufanelekileyo lokubekwa lukwinqanaba lomntu omdala. Okokuqala, kuya kuba lula kuwo onke amalungu entsapho (siya kuxhasa isiqingatha sabantu besininzi, ukukhulisa okuqhelekileyo kuku-10-15 ngamentimitha ngaphantsi kwamadoda). Okwesibini, umtshini awuyi kufumaneka kwiintsana ezingenasidingo.
2. Ukusekwa kwetambo kwiphakethi nganye akufanele kube ngengozi okanye kusasazwa ngokukhawuleza malunga nomjikelezo wegumbi. Njengomthetho, ukuba kube lula, kungcono ukuhamba kude nemigangatho kunye nokulinganisa - cingisisa malunga neendawo ezisetyenziswayo zombane ezifana neTV, iikhompyutha iya kuma. Kuzo ndawo zifanelekile ukubeka kunye neziseko. Musa ukugubha konke, kuba inani lezikhululo ezifakiweyo alunakuphazamisa ingaphakathi legumbi, kodwa likhusela kwi-loadload engabangela ngenxa yokusebenzisa amathiyi. Ungafaki iziseko eziphantsi kakhulu, ngokukodwa kumagumbi abantwana (apha ngoku kulungele ukufaka inguqulo kunye nesimbozo sokuvala okanye ukufihla ngokuzenzekelayo iiplogi).
3. Musa ukuthobela i-cross section section of the wires to save. Eyona nto ibhetele, ukugcinwa okunjalo kuya kubakho ukukhutshwa rhoqo kwesixhobo sokukhusela, kunzima kakhulu - "ukuvula" udonga nokutshintshisa i-wire. Ndikholelwe, kubiza kakhulu kunokuthenga ngokukhawuleza oko kukufunayo.
4. Xa ubeka iingcingo kunye nesicwangciso sakhiwo sendlu, ungavumeli ukufakwa kwesigxina. Njengomthetho, imigca ehamba phambili iyafana nelayili, kwaye amagatsha afunekayo ayenziwa kuphela ngeengalo ezilungileyo. Ngokuqinisekileyo, oku kwandisa ubude bezingcingo, kodwa kulula kakhulu ukugcinwa, kwaye kukukhusela ekutshitshiseni kombane xa kufuneka udibanise i-shelf. Khawucinge nje ukuba yintoni inengozi ozibeka kuyo xa ubeka umgodi eludongeni, ungayazi kakuhle apho i-wire power.

Iifowuni zokuHamba kweeNdlela

Ngoko ke, umzobo wendiza kwigumbi leepaneli okanye indlu yelizwe langasese sele iphuhlisiwe. Ngoku kufuneka ufumane iinkcukacha zofakelo. Ziquka ukukhethwa kwesinye seentlobo:

1. Vula;
2. Efihliweyo.

Njengoko igama lithetha, xa ukhetha ukhetho oluvulekileyo, i-wiring iya kuba phezu komdonga, ilitye njalonjalo. Ukufakwa okufihlakeleyo - "ukugubungqa" okupheleleyo kweetambo kunye neentambo zamandla ezindongeni, phantsi kwamaphepha e-plasterboard, ngaphaya kwesiqulatho sekhetheni.

Iimpawu zentambo evulekile

Ngokukhawuleza kuyimfuneko ukuhlukanisa izinto eziphambili kunye nokungalunganga kwezi ntlobo zokufakela. Iyokuqala yinto enokungenakulungiswa ngokubhekiselele kwinkonzo. Ukuba umzobo wesibambo awunakucwangciswa ngezandla zakho, nangaliphi na ixesha kunokuba kuyimfuneko ukungenelela, umzekelo, ukuthatha indawo nayiphi na inxalenye yocingo kunye nenxalenye enkulu enecandelo eliphambili. Khawucinge nje ukuba oku kuya kubakho ukuphazamisa icandelo lephepha lodonga, ukuphula umgca we-plaster. Oku kunokugwenywa ngokusebenzisa ibhokisi yeplastiki ecocekileyo ekhonkxwe eludongeni ngelixa ephethe ucingo ngaphakathi. Ngokuqinisekileyo, ukubonakala kuza kuchitheka.

Ukuba i-wiring yendlu yangasese yenziwe ngeendonga zokhuni, kukulungele ukukhusela ukufakela ukufihlakeleka, kuba ukhuni lizinto ezinobungozi bomlilo ezinokutshabalalisa ngokukhawuleza xa kunesiphaluka esifutshane kwiinkambo. Unokubhenela kwi-masking of partial wires kwi-cable duct yebhodi ye-plastic skirting yamanje. Nangona kunjalo, akukho mfuneko yokuyidlula, kuba ukufakwa kwamandla kunye neencingo zokukhanya akuvumelekanga. Phakathi kwabo kufuneka kubekho i-gap - malunga ne-2 mm. Ngoko ke, imilambo emibini kagesi yamandla ahlukeneyo ihlukaniswe kangcono ngamaqela.

Impawu yombambo ofihliweyo

Ngokufakela okufihliweyo, "iiplctures" ekubalweni nasekufakeni iintambo azivunyelwanga kuzo zonke, kodwa i-aesthetics "isilinganisi". Uluhlu lwesibini lwenkqubo yokubambisa luza kusifihla ngokupheleleyo ekwakheni udonga okanye, umzekelo, isilingi.

Isicwangciso esifihliweyo sokufakela i-wiring, ngaphezu kwe-aesthetics, sinemfuno ethile. Ngaloo ndlela, zonke iingcingo kufuneka zibe necandelo elincinci elincinci, eliza kuthintela umonakalo owenziwe kumatshini. Ngaphandle koko, ukutshintshwa kwe-wiring kuza kubangela imali eninzi kakhulu kunye nexesha elichithwe ekulungiseni ezintsha.

Ukuba i-wiring isetyenziswe kwigumbi elinomgangatho ophezulu wobumanzi, umzekelo, kwindawo yokuhlamba, i-sauna okanye i-pool, ngokokufakela okufihliweyo kungcono ukhethe iintambo nge-PVC emgodini oya kuthintela amanzi ekungeneni kwintambo.

Umsebenzi wokulungiselela

Uyilo lombane wombane kwindlu yangasese luyisiseko semisebenzi yonke. Ukufakela - oku kuwona mgangatho wokugqibela, nangona kunjalo, akukho xanduva olunzulu kunokuba udwebe iskimu. Ngako oko, phambi kokuba uqhube iiprooves ezindongeni okanye ukubethela ibhokisi kufuneka ulungiselele:

1. Iiparameters zekimu eziphuhlisiwe zichanekileyo kwaye zisebenzise ngokuchanekileyo phezu kweendonga, umgangatho kunye nesilinda, ukubeka uphawu, ukubopha izimbobo, ukulungiselela indawo yokufakela iibhokisi zokuhambisa, i-junkets, iziseko, ukutshintsha.
2. Ukubalwa ngokuchanekileyo kwemali efunekayo yezixhobo zombane kunye neemveliso ezikhoyo. Akukho mzekelo kulungile ukuthenga iintambo "buyele emuva" kunye nemida ekhoyo - kufuneka kube naso sonke isabelo.

"Ukuthenga"

Ngoku makhe sihambe ngokukhawuleza ekubaleni kwemali efunekayo yezixhobo zombane. Ngebhodi yokuvula nokuhambisa yonke into icacile - ukuhanjiswa kokuqala kunye no-1 okanye kwe-2 (kuxhomekeke kwinani leepansi endlwini). Izahluli zesekethe zibalwe nenani lamacandelo e-wiring atholakalayo. Kodwa kwiingcingo, ukutshintsha kunye neziseko kulungele ukuhlala ngokubanzi.

Ubungakanani bezintambo zenziwa emva kokumakisha izindonga ngezi zizathu zilandelayo:

1. Umgama phakathi kwebhodi lokushiya kunye neebhokisi zeekhonkco, kunye nakwiibhokisi kwiindawo zokuthengisa kunye nokutshintshwa, kulinganiswa. Kudibaniselwano ngalunye, kuyafaneleka ukufaka okungenani i-100 mm yesitishi kwicala ngalinye ukuze ukwazi ukubeka ngokufanelekileyo nangokufanelekileyo iifowuni ebhokisini lokuhlangana ngaphandle kokubamba okanye ukuwaphula.
2. Kwiindawo zokudibanisa iimpahla kunye nokutshintshwa kweso sixeko kufuneka kwakhona kube nendawo encinci - malunga ne-50-150 mm (kuxhomekeke ekuhambeni kokubeka).
3. Ukuba iingcingo zidlula ekhoneni legumbi, ngoko kuyimfuneko ukubonelela i-loop ehlawulelayo eyokuthintela ukuxhatshazwa kunye nocingo lwe-wire ngenxa yoluhlu lwezakhiwo zendlu xa isiseko soma kwaye sichitha. Ubuncinane bokubonelela ngetambo nganye nge-loop ngu-100 mm.

Ngoku ncinane malunga neziseko. Yenza iimfuno kwiluhlu lweengcebiso:

1. Njengoko kuphawuliwe ngasentla, iziseko mazifanele zifakwe ngokusondeleyo kunokuba zenzeke izixhobo zendlu. Ubuncinane, kuyo yonke imitha engama-10 yeekwere zokuhlala eziqhelekileyo, kufuneka ubeke iziseko ezimbini. Kulungile, ukuba bengabodwa, kodwa kabini: enye-ye-TV kunye nesomisi ezinwele, kunye nesibini-ikhompyutha okanye i-laptop. Ukuba isixhobo sogesi siphezulu, kuya kufuneka ukuba ezinye izithuba zifumaneke.
2. Ekhitshini, udinga i-outlet enkulu (xa isesitofu sombane), enye yefriji, enye ye-kettle kagesi kunye nezinye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, 1-2 ukutshintsha inkqubo yokutya, i-mixer, njl, kunye ne-1 kwindawo yokugcina.
3. Kwindlu yokuhlambela, unokusebenzisa isithuba esisigxina sokudibanisa umatshini wokuhlamba, kunye nesinye somisi oboya iinwele, isinyithi sokuloba, njalonjalo.
4. Qiniseka xa ucwangcisa inani lezitolo, cinga ngamathuba okuhambisa ifenitshala kwigumbi.

Ngokuphathelele ukutshintsha, izinto zilula kakhulu - kuya kuba nekwaneleyo kwigumbi ngalinye, ukuba isibane sinye. Ukuba kukho ezininzi, ungasebenzisa ingqungquthela ephindwe kabini okanye eyakhelwe ngaphakathi.

Izixhobo zokukhusela - iiRCD

Ukuba indlu yakho iya kubeka i-wiring ngokwakho, isicwangciso soxhumano lwayo kufuneka sinikeze i-RCD, okanye izixhobo zokuxhuma. Banikezela ngokukhuselekileyo naliphi na izixhobo zombane, ngokukodwa, ukuxhamla kwamanzi - ukuhlamba iimishini, iibhagi zokuhlamba, izitya zokuhlambela iifenishi kunye namashishini eshushu. Umgaqo wokusebenza kweso sixhobo silula - ukwahlula ixabiso langoku kwisigaba kunye nabaqhubi be-zero. Phantsi komsebenzi oqhelekileyo, ulwahlulo lwangoku luyiyo. Ukuba imeko engavumelekanga yenzeke, ukuvuza kwi-wire yomhlaba kungenzeka, ngenxa yoko, isiphaluka siyakhutshwa ngokuzenzekelayo ngedivaysi yangoku ekhoyo. Musa ukuyihoxisa esi sixhobo ngenxa yeendleko zayo, kuba ingasindisa ubomi bomntu.

Ukutshintshwa kweseyili kagesi

Ngokuqhelekileyo akufuneki kuphela ukubeka i-wiring kwindlu entsha, kodwa kwakhona ukuyibuyisela ngexesha lokugqithisa. Kule meko, ungayibona umfanekiso ophazamisayo, xa ukugxilwa kweencingo kwaba nzima kakhulu kwaye kulungele ukuqhuma kwi-touch elula. Ngako oko, kungcono ukutshintsha yonke iifayili ngaphandle kokungafani, kunye nokuhlaziya iibhokisi zeekhonkco , oonxibelelwano kwiziseko kunye nokutshintsha (oku akusoloko kuxoxwa, kuba ufuna ngokwenene ukutshintsha i-socket yakudala ukuya kwinto yanamhlanje, ekhululekile kwaye enhle). Ubuncwane bemigangatho buya kusebenza ixesha elide, ngoko bobabini ngexesha lokutshintshwa kunye nokufakelwa kokuqala alondolozi kwiifowuni - ukuguqula kunzima kunokuba uphume okanye utshintshe.