Inqwelwana ye-multi-clasp: izixhobo kunye nokufakela isakhelo somthi

Namhlanje, izindlu ezineendlu ezininzi zamehlo zaqala ukudibana. Izakhiwo ezinjalo ziyilo loqobo. Kodwa akusiyo wonke umntu oya kubeka i-multi-clasp design, kuba iinkampani zokwakha ezizodwa zenza oku. Iindleko zeenkonzo ezinjalo ziphakamileyo, ngoko ke akukho mnikazi ngamnye onako ukukwazi ukumisela ukwakhiwa okunjalo. Nangona kunjalo, iziphumo zigqitha konke okulindelekileyo. Makhe sibone, ziphi iimpawu zoluphahla kwaye luhluke njani kwabanye?

Izixhobo

Uphahla oluninzi lwe-cloak luyinkqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, equka izinto ezininzi ezakhiweyo (iipampu, i-forceps, izibambo, iiphelo, njl njl.).

Olu hlobo lokuphahla lusetyenziswa ngokukodwa ekwakhiweni kwezindlu ngeendlela eziyinkimbinkimbi ye-polygonal, ukulungiswa kwe-atypical, kunye nenani elikhulu lamagumbi kunye nalapho kukho izandiso ezongezelelweyo kwisakhiwo.

Ukwakhiwa kophahla lwamabala amaninzi lubiza kakhulu, kuba izinto ezininzi zokuphahla zifunekayo, kwaye emva komsebenzi ininzi yayo inkunkuma. Kukwacetyiswa kwakhona ukuba unakekele ukuphucula umgangatho wendawo yee-attic kwaye uzalise ukwahlukana kwendawo eshushu.

Ukwenziwa kwengubo emininzi kwakha ngenxa yelungiselelo lezikhwama ezininzi kunye nokudalwa kwamacangca angaphakathi, apho iindawo eziphambili zezulu zinyuka.

Enye yeengxaki ezingalindelekanga kulolu lwakhiwo luyinkimbinkimbi yokwakhiwa kwayo kunye nomzamo omkhulu kunye nexesha. Olu hlobo lophahla lufumaneka rhoqo ekwakheni izindlu zabucala.

Uphahla lwamaqela amaninzi lunokulula kunye namathambeka amabini okanye i-multi-slope kunye neentlambo eziliqela.

Namhlanje, ukuyila kweentlambo kunye nemigangatho emibili kubonakala kuthandwa kakhulu.

Izinzuzo

Phakathi kweziganeko ezintle zophahla lweedongwe ezininzi zingabonwa:

• Imbonakalo engavamile kwaye enomdla kakhulu. Uyilo luyahluka ngokupheleleyo, kuxhomekeka kwiiparitha kunye nokusebenza kwesakhiwo.
• Amandla amakhulu nokuthembeka. Olu hlobo lophahla luyakwazi ukumelana nomhlaba omkhulu umthwalo ngaphandle kokutshintsha ukubukeka kwayo kwangaphambili.
• Ukuzinza kokwakha, ixesha lokuphila elingenamkhawulo. Nangona kunjalo, umntu makangacinge ukuba izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye nokuyila zidlala indima ebalulekileyo apha.
• Ukuziphatha. Ngenxa yamathambeka, aphantsi komthamo omkhulu, imvula ayifuni kwiindawo ezinjengophahla.
• Ukusebenza kakuhle. Isikhala phantsi kophahla singasetyenziswa ngokuqonda kwakho.

Iingxaki

Ukongezelela kwiintlobo ezininzi, uphahla lwamaqela amaninzi lunokungaphumeleli okuthile, okumele kukhunjulwe kwakhona.

• Ubunzima bokumiswa kwezakhiwo ezinjalo, ezinxulumene nobukho bezinto ezahlukeneyo (i-forceps, imitha, iimbambo, njl.). Ukwenza umsebenzi onjalo kufuna uqeqesho. Ukuba ukha uphahla olude lwamanzi, ukuphepha iimpazamo ekwakheni kufuneka ufumane intsebenziswano kunye neengcali kule ndawo eziza kunceda ekuyilo kwiphahla, xelela indlela yokuqwalasela umthwalo wezinto zokupakisha kwi-truss system, njl.
• Ubuninzi bemali yokwakha kunye nezinto zokugqiba, okokuba, ngenxa yokuba uphahla lwe-multi-clasp linomlinganiselo othile weembombo, izibambo, ukugoba, njl., Ziya kusetyenziswa ngokungaqhelekanga.

Iingcebiso zokwenza isicwangciso soyilo

1. Ukuyila kwanoma yiphi indlu ingenziwa ngoncedo lweenkqubo zeekhompyutheni zanamhlanje. Oku akunzima, into ephambili yokuqwalasela:

• Iiparameters zesakhiwo esakhiweyo;
• Inani lezakhiwo zokuthwala;
• Imithwalo yemithwalo, kwaye yiziphi izinto eziza kusetyenziswa;
• Ubunzulu besiseko.

2. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba yeyiphi into eyenza uphahla kunye nempawu eziphambili ze- rafter system.

3. Kubalulekile ukuhambisa ngokufanelekileyo imithwalo yemithwalo yokuthwala imithwalo kunye neengcingo kwiindonga zendlu, njengoko ziqinisekisa ukuzinza kwephahla. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba encinci umgama phakathi kwamabala kunye neeplanga, unamandla ophahleni.

Izinto zokwakha ukwakha indlu

Ekubeni uphahla lwamaqela amaninzi lugxininisa kakhulu kwisakhiwo, iingcali zicebisa ukwakha izindlu ezinamandla kunye nezithembekileyo:

• Shell rock;
• Bricks;
• Ikhonkrithi efakwe
• I-block foam.

Ngamanye amaxesha inkuni isetyenzisiweyo: ibhayili okanye ibrafu efihliweyo. Iindlu kwiimeko ezinjalo, ukujamelana nomthwalo wophahla, kufuneka zibe nobukhulu obukhulu kunye neninzi yezibonelelo ezixhasayo.

Ukwandisa ubomi benkonzo yesakhiwo, uninzi lwezenzo zenziwa ukuze ziqiniswe. Ngokomzekelo, isiseko sendlu siqiniswa ekuqaleni. Ngaphakathi kwimizuzu yesiseko esele isilungele ukukhupha iifom zityhilela ukhonkco usebenzisa ukuqiniswa. Ukuphakamisa izindonga kuqiniswe ngezinto ezifanayo okanye izakhiwo zetsimbi ezenziwe ngokuzenzekelayo ezinokuthi zinyuswe ngokukhawuleza kwaye zingaphaya kwinqanaba langaphakathi nangaphandle.

Uphahla oluninzi lwezindlu: ukwakhiwa

Kuyilo olufanelekileyo lwesakhiwo sophahla , kufuneka ufunde ngokucokisekileyo isakhiwo salo. Isakhiwo siquka:

• Imizila enemivuzo;
• Rafters;
• Mauerlat;
• Iikrakra;
• Izibambo ezincinci kunye nezingezantsi;
• Kuphela;
• Skate;
• Groove;
• Umsele;
• Overhang.

Uphahla lwama-multi-hood: i-rafter system

Ekubeni ukwakhiwa kwephahla olunjalo kunzima, ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe kumzobo wayo. Kule nto ufuna:

• Ukulinganisa zonke ubukhulu;
• Khetha umthamo ophahleni;
• Qinisekisa uhlobo lwe-rafter system;
• Bala ii-rafters;
• Phawula indawo yeemigodi, izikhwama, izibambo, iingqungquthela ezixubileyo, ukugubungela, ukugada, ukuyeka kunye nezinye izinto ze-rafter system.

Isiseko senkqubo yokuloba kwiphahla le-multi-clasp yi-Mauerlat. Ukwakhiwa kwayo, imivalo yokulinganisa i-15x15 cm okanye i-10x15 cm isetyenzisiweyo Ubude buba malunga ne-1.5 m. Ibeka phezu kwekhonkrithi okanye udonga lwezitena kwaye libukeka njengento eqinekileyo. Kwiindonga zangaphandle ze-Mauerlat zixhomekeke ngeengxowa zetsimbi ezenziwe ngetsimbi, zifakwe kwi-armopoyas. Ii-Rafters (i-sloping okanye i-hanging) zenziwe ngamabhodi, kwicandelo eliphambeneyo elingu-5x15 m. Ekuhlanganiseni kwamanqampu, imilenze yemilenze yokudibanisa kunye neyesigxina . Ekubeni umthwalo oyintloko ukhankanywe kwiinqwelo zokudibanisa, kufuneka ziqiniswe ngamabhodi anesayizi esifanayo. Ukusuka kwiindawo zokuqhafaza eziphezulu zihlanganiswe kunye nekhreythi, ongayithenga kakade ilungile okanye eyenziwe kwiibhodi okanye ngemithi. Kwizinto zokufakela ezifakwe kwiibhodi zisekhredithi. Ukwandisa amandla kunye nokuthembeka koyilo lweseli, i-battens ayenzi ngaphezu kwe-50x50 cm.

Ulungelelaniso lwendawo yokupakisha kwamanqanaba amaninzi

Emva kokwakhiwa kwesakhelo kuqala ukuhlukanisa isakhiwo. Kule njongo iifilimu ye-polyethylene elula isetyenziswe, ebeka phezu kweefowuni ngefowuni ku-Mauerlat.

Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lokuqhawulwa kwephahla olukhethiweyo, isiseko senziwe. Ngokomzekelo, i-slate yesikhewu ingafakwa ngqo kwikreate. Ukukhupha uphahla oluthambileyo ufuna iimakhishithi ze-OSB okanye i-plywood. Ziyakhwelwa kwinqweba ephahleni, izinto zifakwe phezulu. Ukufudumala kunye nokugxininiswa kwesakhiwo kulo mzekelo kwenziwa ngaphakathi.

Abantu abaninzi bathanda iileyile zetsimbi. Kodwa ngenxa yezibonakaliso ezisezantsi ze-insulation sound, ukuqhuba ukushisa kunye nezinye iimpazamo zaloo nto, kubalulekile ukuqhuba ukukhupha okuphezulu kwephahla.