Umsequoia ukuphakama obukhulu enehlathi. Tree - Giant

flora Amazing nezohlukeneyo iplanethi yethu. Enye kakhulu umdla na uhlobo olwahlukileyo imithi, equka uhlobo olunye kuphela, emelwe yi inkangala umsequoia. Kukho amagama ambalwa yale sisityalo - redwood ebomvu kunye evergreen taksodium. Aba bameli Taxodiaceae usapho - iinkokeli epheleleyo ukuphakama, kungekuphela phakathi Conifers, kodwa ebukumkanini sisityalo sonke Earth. Amazing ubuninzi umsequoia ukuphakama, ndimkhathalela. Yintoni igunya, namandla ntoni! Makhe sithethe ngale ngxilimbela, alondolozwe ukususela kumaxesha amandulo.

Umsequoia: imithi ezinkulu

Umsequoia - elinye iintlobo ezintathu imithi eyaziwa phantsi walithiywa "Mahogany". Ephedra yi hla, kweminyaka yokuphila phezu ngezingqiniso ezahlukeneyo lufikelela iminyaka 3,000, ukuphakama ku-115, yaye ubukhulu isiseko - eemitha 5-6 nangaphezulu. Igama "umsequoia" kuthiwa kunikwa kwisityalo imbeko inkokeli okanye isizwe Indian Cherokee - umsequoia, kodwa kusenokwenzeka ukuba le nje lamandulo omhle.

umsequoia ukuphakama obukhulu evergreen

Le mithi ke Anaki ngokwenene. Ukuphakama apho basondela, ebetha, kunye nabantu bonke abangabubonanga kubo ngonaphakade, kunzima ukutyala, ukuya eluphahleni lwesakhiwo esinemigangatho-46. Ngokwenene ngumthi ekhethekileyo, ngenxa yokuba nkqu avareji kuninzi mizekelo ngaphezulu uphawu shestidesyatimetrovoy. Conifers ezininzi olu hlobo phantsi amandla ukukhula devyanostometrovy, kwaye kukho angamaqhawe. umsequoia ukuphakama obukhulu, ndimkhathalela; ngokuba "uYise amahlathi" yaye, ngelishwa, akazange sisinde ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje, obeziimitha ezili-135. inkokeli Modern olungenangxaki - umsequoia "Hyperion", nto leyo kufikelelwe 115,6 ubude. Akukho ayiphucukanga kangako yaye ububanzi we "Hyperion" base - phantse-5 seemitha. Iminyaka yobudala sentengo bakaRafa - malunga 800 neminyaka.

Ubunkokheli yale sityalo yasekwa ngo-2006 zizazinzulu yaseMelika. Bathi kwakhona ukuba ngencam umthi asifumanekanga yonakele ziintaka, ukuphakama ubuninzi kwi seemitha ziluhlaza wompayina yaba ku 115,8 m. Oku ibekwe epakini yesizwe "Redwood" California ingxilimbela California, usithande nabanina. Kwimbali ebhalwe yoluntu kunye ubukhulu inkulu umphanda - 7 m, kwakunye ubudala bayo, ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka 3500.

iimpawu uhlobo

Ngoko umsequoia - evergreen ephedra monoecious ukumila etsobhileyo isithsaba. amasebe Tree luye lukhule tye okanye umhlaba kunye ethambekeni phantsi kancinane. Bark, efikelela okusuka-30 cm, kukho ifayibha, ukucuthelwa phezu umsele, isakhiwo ethambileyo kwaye ubumba nombala mnyama emva kwexesha elithile emva kokuba isuswe. Yile impahla uthinte wamnika igama engqondweni - "Mahogany".

Phakathi yonke umsequoia Taxodiaceae unawo umthi engundoqo zexabiso kunye ilizwi, ezipinki-ezibomvu ezimhlophe kunye bukhrim okanye ethambileyo, t. E. zomaleko ephakathi undoqo kunye cambium. Okumangalisayo kukuba, umgangatho somthi umphanda omnye ungahluka. Yeyona ubude iphezulu evergreen umsequoia elingaphaya eemitha 110, njengokuba uhlobo khadi, ibonisa yokuvelela esi sityalo. Enye nomthi ukunika iinkuni kakhulu ngaphezulu kwe-1000 cubic metres.

Nciphisa isithsaba umthi, ezihonjiswe cone, iqala ukuba angalandeli isahlulo sesithathu esiqwini. Inkqubo ingcambu ukhandwa iingcambu yabanabileyo kakhulu osecaleni, eshiya kuyaphi emhlabeni.

Umsequoia ayikho kuphela ingxilimbela kodwa ixesha elide - enye izityalo eziphilayo mde ehlabathini. yobudala bakhe - kwiminyaka engaphezu kwe-2000. Ukuvuthwa wompayina intsha ifika iminyaka 400-500.

wompayina yokuzala

Kwindalo, kukho iziganeko eziliqela ezimangalisayo. Ke umsequoia, ubukumkani imifuno Gulliver omkhulu Bukhula imbewu encinane, ubude apho ayidluli isiqingatha isentimitha. imbewu umsequoia ekhuthazwa eqokelelwa cone ezincinane olunye elimbhoxo iwindow anganika kunye nokukhula luninzi. Ibhumbulu izityalo ezishiyanayo ngobukhulu, ukususela mm-15 ukuya kwi-30 esivuthiweyo kokwindla kwaye ziqulathe 3-7 imbewu ephalazwe yi womise iziqhamo.

A feature kukungabikho iintlobo umahluko ngokwemigaqo Izinga lokukhula nokuhlala phakathi izityalo ezivela iimbewu kunye namasebe nolufundiseke izenzekele. Akunamsebenzi ukutshintsha ukuphakama ubuninzi umsequoia evergreen, kuxhomekeke indlela iqhuma.

Apho imithi-Anaki?

Kwakude kudala, ekupheleni kwexesha Cretaceous, ezi zityalo ziluhlaza ziye zasasazwa kuwo kumntla ikhweyitha. Ke akukho namnye wabetha ukuphakama iphezulu umsequoia, ndimkhathalela.

Namhlanje, iintsalela kwamahlathi relict, apho zikhula, ezisagcinwe kwisithuba eliqingqiweyo entshona North America: isiqwenga imxinwa emdeni Pacific Ocean, ukususela Monterey County ukuya California, emantla ukuya ezantsi komlanjana Oregon ngokucacileyo. Kuthatha band kancinane kwama-700 km, kwaye imi endaweni ka-600 ukuya-900 eemitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle. sezulu kufumile ifuna umsequoia, ngoko ke asikwazi ingahlakazeki ngakumbi ukusuka elunxwemeni kwe 30-40 km, kwaye usoloko kummandla eziphembelela umoya elwandle, ephethe amanzi ezifuneka kakhulu kwisityalo.

Kwabonakala Le mbono "umsequoia Ihlathi" ngo-1769, xa wafumana kunxweme wePasifiki. Ngelo xesha linye umbala zinkuni isityalo sele kuthiwa "mahogany", Bagciniwe kuye namhlanje. Ngowe-1847, i-sebhayoloji Austria Stephen Endliherom ezi zityalo ziye zachongwa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo, isici uphawu apho ukuphakama iphezulu evergreen umsequoia elingaphaya eemitha 100-110.

iipropati iinkuni

izityalo gorgeous kwizinga amaplanga, inzima, ilula, hayi basengozini ezinambuzaneni izitshabalalisi ibola, baziwa kakhulu kwihlabathi jikelele kwaye isetyenziswa izinto womchweli, nto leyo edla buyafuneka ekwenziweni iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto - ukusuka ifenitshala ukuya sleepers kunye nezindlu olwalusele. Ukungabikho epheleleyo iinkuni ivumba ivumela ukusebenzisa imathiriyeli kwezo ndawo zemveliso mveliso, apho kuyimfuneko, umzekelo, kwi ukutya kunye necuba. umsequoia Amazing ukuphakama eliphezulu enehlathi. Amafoto yezityalo thaca kweli nqaku, gxininisa ubukhulu babo, amandla kunye nobuhle.