Umongameli waseSiriya uBashar al-Assad: i-dossier, biography kunye nemisebenzi yezopolitiko

Iidonsa zamaphephandaba kunye nezinye izigulane zisinika "izihloko" ezishushu. Kwiminyaka emininzi, iziganeko eMbindi-Mpuma zibhalwe ngolu hlobo. I-Bone emqaleni welizwe laseNtshonalanga yaba ngumongameli weSiriya. Naluphina ulwaphulo-mthetho olwenziwe kulo mmandla, utyunjwa kakhulu. Le nyaniso ayinakuzama ukuguqulwa ngabapolitiki bezopolitiko. Kwizikhulu eziziwayo, kukho iimfuno ezivakalayo zokumkhupha kwi-ofisi. Kunjengokungathi i-wedge yahlanganisana kumntu ofanayo. Ngubani na yena - uMongameli weSiriya uBashar Assad? Kutheni engathandekanga kwiindawo ezisentshona zehlabathi? Makhe simazi kangcono.

Umongameli waseSiriya uBashar al-Assad: i-biography

Bathi iMpuma yinto ebalulekileyo. Kulo hlabathi elikhethekileyo imithetho yabo. Ixesha lomntu apha lithembele kwiliphi uhlobo lwentsapho enenhlanhla ukuze azalwe. Ubaba uBashar, uHafez Assad, wayeyi-brigadier jikelele. Indoda ehlonishwayo kwaye ifanelekile. Umongameli weSiriya wexesha elizayo wenyuswa enkulu (ngokwemigangatho yethu) intsapho. Wayenomntakwethu omdala owafa ngaphambi kokudala, owawushintsha ngokugqithiseleyo umphumo kaBashar. Wafumana uqeqesho lwezokwelapha waza wasebenza esibhedlele esiseDamasko. Andizange ndicinge malunga nomsebenzi wam wezopolitiko. Ngakumbi. Ngomnyaka we-1991, umongameli weSiriya, uBashar Assad, onobomi bakhe babonakala bephumelele, bengenakuqhaqhafaza kwaye banokuthandabuza, baya e-UK. Wathabatha ingcambu ukuze angabhenki ngokugqithiseleyo kumntu wakhe.

KuFoggy Albion, umongameli waseSiriya ozayo, ngokungathandabuzekiyo, akazange akrokre ukuba isabelo esinzima esiza kuwa phantsi kwamagxa akhe, siphucule ulwazi lwakhe lolwazi kunye nezakhono. Wayenomdla kwi-ophthalmology. Ukongeza, waba nomdla kwi-computer yesayensi. Unqwenela ukuthetha nabanye abemi, okuqondakalayo kumntu onoyise owayengumongameli weSiriya (ngelo xesha). Abantwana beenkokheli eziphezulu bahlala besengozini yokudibana kunye nobunzima belizwe langaphandle.

Ukujika okubukhali

Kwakhona, uBashar Assad akazange acwangcise umsebenzi ngaphandle kwezokwelapha. Oku kubalulekile, ekubeni eMpuma akusiyo isiko lokunika amandla kunoma ubani. UHafez Assad wenza ibhidi kumntwana omkhulu kaBasil. Nguye owayelungele indima yekhoboka elizayo lelizwe. Kodwa kwakukho intlekele. Ngo-1994, uBasil wabulawa. Ukufa kwakhe kwakuyingozi engafaniyo, eyingozi. Wayesengozini yemoto. UBashar kwafuneka abuyele kwiindawo zakhe zokuzalwa. Kwakumfuneko ukuxhasa intsapho. Ewe, kunye noyise ngoku babefuna umlandeli omtsha. Ngoko, ogqirha-ophthalmologist wayedinga ukutshintsha ingubo yakhe yokugqoka kwifomu yakhe. ISiriya, njengamanye amazwe aseMpuma Mpuma, ingahamba kuphela ngumkhosi. UBashar wangena esikolweni, waya emkhosini. Umsebenzi wakhe wuleza. Ekubeni ngo-1999, wathola isikhundla sekholoni. UBawo wagxininisa ukuba unyana wakhe abe yinkosi yobulumko bezopolitiko. Ngaphandle kokukwazi ukuthonya abanye, ukuqonda ukutyekela kwehlabathi kunye nobuqili bobudlelwane bokwenene, umongameli olamandla waseSiriya uya kuba "ongenasiphelo". Ngenxa yoko, ilizwe lakhe lijongene nokufa kusondele.

KwiNtloko yelizwe

UBashar Assad wayenaso ixesha elincinane lokulungiselela lo msebenzi. Ngo-2000 uyise wafa. Isizathu sokufa sisifo senhliziyo. Ngomso uBashar wamiselwa njengoMlawuli oyiNtloko yeNtloko kunye nesabelo seLieutenant General. Le yayisiyinyathelo lokuqala ukuya phezulu. Intloko yaseSiriya ngokubhekiselele kumthetho oyisiseko ivunyiwe yiphalamende, isigqibo sayo sigqityiwe ngumvoti kazwelonke. Kodwa kuMgaqo-siseko kwakukho ngelo xesha umyinge weminyaka. Le nto kwakufuneka ishintshwe. Ubuncinane beminyaka yobugqatswa behlisiwe ukusuka kwiminyaka emashumi mane ukuya kweyama-34. Emva koko, uBashar Assad wakhethwa unobhala jikelele weqela elilawulayo. Emva koko bafaka umviwa kumongameli. Ipalamente yavuma ukuba iveki kamva. Kwaye emva kwexesha elifutshane, kubanjwe ireferensi, apho iBashar Assad yaxhaswa yi-97% yabemi. Emva koko abantu baqinisekisile ukuzithemba kwabo kwinkokeli ephindwe kabini - ngo-2007 no-2014. Kwakunzima kakhulu ilizwe kunye nenkokheli yalo.

Nkqubo welizwe

Umongameli waseSiriya uBashar Assad wathatha iinqununu zikaRhulumente kwimeko enzima kakhulu. Emazweni angummelwane, ukuguqulwa kwamanzi kwakumlilo. ISiriya yada yalahlekelwa yinxalenye yintsimi kayise. AmaSirayeli athabatha iindawo eziphakamileyo zaseDatshi. Enyanisweni, washiya le ndawo. Kodwa ihlabathi alikho.

Kwimihlaba yelizwe, kwakukho amaqela axhobile njengeHezbollah kunye neHamas, eyayinobudlova kwaSirayeli. U-Assad, umongameli weSiriya, wayetyholwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngokuxhasa ezo zakhiwo ezingaziwayo. Wahlawuliswa ngenkxaso kunye nenkxaso. EMpuma Mpuma, kukho ukuxabana okuqhubekayo. Oku kubonakala kule ndawo.

Kwaye ukuba ngaba owayengumongameli waseSiriya (i-Hafe Assad) wayenobundlobongela ngokwaneleyo, umceli wakhe, intloko yelizwe ngoku, wayebonakala elula. Wayecetyisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba u-Israyeli aqale inkqubo yokuxoxisana malunga nemimandla ephikisanayo.

Kwakungekho lula ukwenza ishishini kunye ne-United States. I-hegemon yehlabathi yenza isigqibo sokuba iSiriya iyingxenye ye-Axis Evil. U-Asad wamangalelwa ngokuxhasa uSaddam Hussein. Ukuqhubhisa i-Iraq i-ricocheted eSiriya ngohlaselo lwezopolitiko oluvela eNtshona. Akukho mkhokheli omnye obala obala ukuba izixhobo zamachiza zigcinwa eSiriya . Ukukhangela, ngokuqhelekileyo, kucetyiswa ngoncedo lweemichilo zokuhamba.

Ukurhoxiswa kweLebhanon

UHafez Assad wucinga ukuba ngumsebenzi wakhe wokukhusela iminqweno yelizwe lakubo "kwiindlela ezikude." Kwaye kwiminyaka engamashumi asixhenxe ekhulwini lokugqibela, iSiriya yadibaniswa kwingxabano kwintsimi yaseLebhanon. Apho imikhosi yabamelwane yayinobuhlobo. Nangona kunjalo, ngo-2004 kwakukho intlungu eLebhanon. Ngaphantsi koxinzelelo lwe-UN, uAsad kwafuneka ahoxise amajoni akhe kweli lizwe. Isizathu sokubulala omnye wezopolitiki zaseLebanese. Nangona kunjalo, uMongameli waseSiriya uBashar Assad wayeyazi kakuhle ukuba ukubethelwa kwakujoliswe kulo longamo lwakhe. Wayefakela ngokukhawuleza, ephoqa ukuba alahlekelwe ngumhlaba. Kodwa ekuhlaleni kwenkxaso yelizwe, ke akafumananga. Kwakudingeka ukuba uphumelele kwimida yawo phantsi kwengcinezelo yamandla amakhulu.

Imfazwe Yomkhosi

Ngo-2011, yonke iMiddle East yaqalisa ukuphazamiseka. Izizathu zahluka. E-Siriya, abantu babechukunyiswa yindlela yokuziphatha komnye wabaphathi abaphezulu. U-Asad uzama ukuchazela abantu abavuyayo ukuba konke oku kwacatshulwa ngaphandle, kubhekiswe kummandla. Ilizwi lakhe alizange live. Kwafuneka ndisebenzise imikhosi kumntu wam. Inkcaso ngokukhawuleza ixhobile, ifumene inkxaso yangaphandle ngaphaya kolwandle. Imfazwe yasekuhlaleni yavela kweli lizwe. I-Chaos kunye nokungabi namthetho kwakubusa kuloo mihlaba eyayingasala kwimikhosi karhulumente. Kukho umsebenzi obizwa ngokuba yi- Islamic state (avalwe kwintlangano ye-RF). Abantu babulawa ngaphandle kokuvavanywa kunye nokuphanda, abagqila, abafazi kunye nabantwana bathengiswa.

Ubomi bomntu

UBashar Assad watshata ngo-2001. Ndaqhelana nokhethiweyo ukususela ebuntwaneni. Iintsapho zabancinci zazingumhlobo kwaye zakhuthaza ukunxibelelana kwabantwana. UBashar ngokwakhe uthe le nto yimeko xa uluthando lomntwana luthandana. Babenabantwana abathathu. Umongameli waseSiriya uBashar Assad kunye nomfazi baqatshelwe njengombini oqinileyo kunye nesicatshulwa. Kwafuneka bahambe ngokuvuya kunye nentlungu kunye. Ngesinye isikhathi, i-Asadov yamkelwa ngokuzonwabisa kwiinqununu zaseNtshona. Kwaye ke zonke iintlobo zokumangalela zawa phezu kwazo. Amajelo ahamba ngokugqithiseleyo uAsma (umfazi ka-Assad) wokubandakanyeka ekufeni okungahambi kakuhle kweNkosana Diana. Xa imfazwe iqalile kweli lizwe, umongameli wathumela intsapho yakhe phesheya, kwaye wahlala nabantu bakhe.

Ukungenelela okungapheliyo

IWest yalungiselela iSiriya njengentsimi yemisebenzi yempi. Ukuze benze oku, bavuselela iimvakalelo, bavuselela imfazwe, banikezela inkcaso ngeempahla. Ngo-2012, urhulumente oseburhulumenteni wamangalelwa ukusebenzisa izixhobo zamakhemikhali ezichasene nabantu. Le meko ibaluleke kakhulu. I-UN inqume ukuvakalisa indawo engekho inqabileyo kwimimandla yeSiriya. Oku kuthetha ukufa kwe-state kunye ne-chaos epheleleyo. IRashiya yavuka ngenxa yokuhlala kunye naye. Wasebenzisa ilungelo lokuvota. I-axoma yaseTomahawk ayizange iwele ezintloko zaseSiriya. Kodwa imfazwe yaqhubeka. Urhulumente oseburhulumenteni wayelahlekelwa yintsimi. Izigidi zabantu abashiye amakhaya abo. Babalekela ukwesabisa kwezinto ezibizwa ngokuba ngabachasayo. Abanye abantu bazama ukuhlala emazweni aphethwe ngumkhosi wase-Assad, abanye bahamba phesheya.

Unelungelo lokuthemba

Abaongameli baseSiriya, abo uluhlu luquka abantu abangamashumi amabini anesithandathu, bazama ukuphuhlisa ilizwe. Akukho namnye kubo oya kuvuma ukuba avume utshintsho oluphazamisayo abantu abangena kulo ngoku. "I-Axis Evil", eyabhengezwa yi-US, iye yaphuhliswa ukususela ngo-2011 kwaye ibonakaliswa ngokubulala, ukungabikho komthetho, ukutshatyalaliswa kweempahla, amabhizinisi kunye nemiphefumlo yabantu. Omnye uququzelele kwaye walela le nkqubo. Intsimi yeengxabano kunye neentloni zihamba.

Ngo-2015, uMongameli waseRashiya uVladimir Putin, ngesicelo sikaBashar Assad, waqalisa ukusebenza kwe-air ngokumalunga ne-IG. Uncedo lomkhosi, ophethe izixhobo zanamhlanje, ubuyisela ithemba kubantu baseSiriya. Bonke abantu bafuna ukuhlala ngokuthula nangokuthula, bakhulise abantwana, bakhe nokwakha ilizwe. Umbutho waseSiriya malunga nemiyalelo evela phesheya eli lungelo lilahlekile. Ngoku ukukhanya kukhangelekile. Abantu baqala ukubuyela eSiriya kwinkokheli yabo, okungazange kufikelelwe kwaye ichazwe. Yena wedwa wenyuka ngokumelene nemikhosi enamandla kunabo bonke, owayengamazi ukulungiswa okufanelekileyo. Ngoku unamanye amazwe, mhlawumbi ihlabathi liya kuza!