Umbono Binocular njengenkqubo elukhuni

Umbono Binocular yinkqubo kunokuba esimbaxa, isiphumo apho kunokwenzeka kuphela ngoncedo ukusebenza ngexesha elinye amehlo omabini, kwaye izihlunu amehlo. Ukongeza, inkqubo umbono binocular zithatha ingxenye ngqo uthinte ingqondo, wanika imiqondiso eyimfuneko izihlunu iliso kunye iindlela ezibonwayo. Livela kombono binocular kuthatha indawo kwi ekudibaneni imifanekiso ezimbini monocular kwenye. Ngabanye, namehlo omntu ngamnye ubona into ethile evela iimbono ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Ngoko ke, lo mfanekiso into nganye kwezi iliso isoloko yokuxazulula lisisiqalo xa kuthelekiswa namanye. Le nto ibizwa ngokuba 'kungalingani ". Kukho lo mkhuba cross-disparatsii evelayo kunye nombono binocular kwaye sisiseko enzonzobila. Nge elinye iliso umntu kuphela kalukhuni kakhulu ukuqikelela yonke ubunzulu kwisithuba ezingqongileyo. Oku kunokwenzeka kuphela xa ethile yomgama, umoya okanye ukukhanya run. Ngoko ke, siyaqondakala isizathu sokuba umbono binocular nombono monocular eyahlukileyo kangaka ngokubhekiselele kwimbono yabantu ezikumgangatho ophezulu imifanekiso-ntathu bendawo ezingqongileyo.

Le mbono-mbini ezintathu isithuba ngexesha umbono monocular kakhulu abangafezekanga. Umzekelo, vala amehlo enye yiphathe ngesandla nganye ipensile. Ngoku uzama ukuzisa iincam lweepensile omnye komnye. Akuthandeki ukuba ilunge kwixesha lokuqala. umbono Binocular kuvumela ukwenza lo msebenzi ngokwenza ngaphandle kokusokola. Ukongeza, umbono ngamehlo ezimbini enkulu kakhulu ngokutsha kwendawo, linoxanduva ukuphucuka acuity zokubonwayo iliso nganye, novakalelo ekukhanyeni, ingakumbi kwabaswele amandla. Ngaphezu koko, umbono binocular inceda ukuphelisa amabala isiphumo uyimfama ihlawula umgangatho ngombono kwimeko umonakalo luthi iliso elinye.

Ingongoma ibalulekileyo ekuphunyezweni kombono ekunene binocular kuba kudinga ukungcitywa umsebenzi kunye nethoni rhoqo iliso izihlunu womntu. imali eseleyo Perfect nemvisiswano umsebenzi izihlunu iliso ibizwa - "ortoforiya".

Kodwa kukho kwakhona olwaphula le eseleyo, ezithi zivele kaninzi kwaye sichonga phantse-75% yabantu abadala, ngokulandelelana, phambi umbono esempilweni binocular. Le kungalingani kokuba efihliweyo ukuphazamiseka izihlunu iliso, ebizwa ngokuba "Heterophoria". Heterophoria zohlulwa ngokwendidi ezimbini. Oku "esophoria" - ukuncitshiswa esqwini olubonakalayo. Uhlobo lwesibini - "exophoria" - ukuba olungaka ukuphuhlisa ukuzala nangeempahla ezibukhali zesinyithi ezibonwayo.

Uhlolisiso kombono binocular

Intsingiselo umsebenzi umbono binocular kuthelekelelwe imifanekiso yezinto kumgama elifanayo ukusuka emehlweni kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo retina yamehlo ekhohlo nasekunene. Masithi phambi kwakho phezu udonga isangqa abamnyama kwephepha. Kwimeko apho kuthe kwafunyaniswa yemigca eye ezibonwayo kwisangqa esimnyama, umfanekiso wakhe kulo naliphi na ityala luwele fossa engundoqo. Ukuba, umzekelo, kukho izinto ezihleli umgama ukusuka efanayo kwisangqa abamnyama, imifanekiso zezi zinto kuwa phezu retina amehlo omabini kwindawo equidistant ukusuka kwiziko liliso.

Xa inkqubo umbono binocular eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu ukusebenza oluchanekileyo izihlunu iliso. Bona zinika Kuhlangana oluqhubekayo kunye nentshukumo le amehlo, kwakunye ngqo stop yolawulo nenkanuko yamehlo omabini kwindawo ekhethiweyo emajukujukwini. Xa ortoforii, xa intsalela izihlunu iliso entliziyweni ngokugqibeleleyo, akukho iingxaki ezibalulekileyo. Ngelo xesha, kukho abantu abaphethwe iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze Heterophoria, ezifana strabismus.

Formation umbono komntwana binocular kwenzeka ngexesha kwiinyanga ezintathu zokuqala zobomi. Xa umntwana ezelwe nje, akayi kodwa eyale uhlobo ezifana ngayo.

Umbono loMgangatho binocular ngoyena ndoqo sempumelelo abantu imisebenzi abaninzi. Ngokusisiseko, kubalulekile ukuba abantu abanomsebenzi ulungelelwaniso ngqo kwi ndawo ezingqongileyo, umzekelo, oogqirha kunye nezinye imisebenzi efanayo, iimbaleki Biathlon, abaqhubi, emkhosini, njl Ucwaningo umbono binocular esoloko okuqhubekayo, ngokuba babe ebaluleke kakhulu amayeza ukunyanga ezahlukahlukeneyo izifo amehlo.