Kazi ukuba ndinombala colorblind lokudideka?

Ngamnye wethu wahlukile. Sonke ubona umfanekiso ofanayo, ningaqiqi ezahlukileyo. kukho abantu ecaleni kuthi, abangakwaziyo ukubona into omnye. Zonke izinto ngendlela eyahlukileyo imbono umbala. Umbala Ukumfameka (olwaphula umbala) - into leyo eye abangela umdla omkhulu. Ngoobani umbala-imfama? Ziziphi imibala badidekile? Makhe sijonge lo mba.

Umbala blindness - ntoni na?

blindness Umbala - into kakuhle umbono, ezinxulumene ne azibona okuthile imibala ephambili. Elinye okanye ngaphezulu. Abanye abantu, xa sidibana isenzeko imibala ubumfama, ukoyika ukuhla komgangatho ngakumbi yempilo. Oku ayikho kuyimfuneko. Color-iimfama unokuba umbono ezibukhali bezibona eyahlukileyo imibala kuye phantse akukho nafuthe umgangatho wobomi.

umbala Uninzi iimfama - abantu. Inyaniso ukuba abafana izakhi X chromosome ukusuka kumama. Amantombazana kwakhona uyakwazi ukufumana imibala kuphela ukuba bobabini abazali sofuzo uyagula.

Indlela umbala nkolelo isekelwe phezu ubukho receptor lombala-ethe - iiseli zemithambo-luvo. Xa ezininzi ukwanda zikhangeleka Isilinda evuthelweyo, benjenjalo ukumemeza cone. Ezi ezenza ziqulathe iintlobo ezintathu zombala photosensitive:

1. Hlorolab - lunobuntununtunu ubuninzi ku umbala omthubi noluhlaza spectrum.
2. Eritrolab - bangenwe spectrum otyheli-ebomvu.
3. Rhodopsin - lunobuntununtunu ophezulu spectrum oluhlaza, kwaye linoxanduva umbala bezibona ekukhanyeni ephantsi (ngombono ebusuku).

Ukuba enye okanye ngaphezulu zombala, ngenxa yaso nasiphi na isizathu, musa ukwenza umsebenzi wabo kuzibonakalisa ziimfama. Hlobo luni zombala "kuphuma umyalelo", oko kuxhomekeke ntoni imibala ukubhidanisa umbala-iimfama.

Izinto ezibangela le inokutyhefeka imibala

Izinto ezibangela imibala zinokuba nomahluko. Zahlula-hlulwe ngamaqela amabini.

Amaninzi kukho amatyala kokubizwa-prayimari (ilifa) umbala ziimfama. Xa umntu ozalwa isiphene X chromosome, angavumeli ukuba ukwahlukanisa imibala.

Sekondari (ezifunyenwe) ziimfama. Izakufunyanwa emntwini nempilo na ubudala. Izizathu livela ingaba:

• ukuphazamiseka CNS;
• izifo ye-luvo optic kunye retina;
• yokulimala kwamehlo;
• imithi ezithile.

iintlobo imibala

Oko imibala ukubhidanisa umbala-iimfama, ligqiba ubukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo umbala ziimfama.

Trihromaziya - uhlobo lokuqala. Oku kubonakala xa bezibona elibuthathaka zonke imibala ephambili. Enyanisweni, umntu ubona zombini obomvu, kunye noblowu kunye nemibala eziluhlaza, kodwa yokuba ziqondeka ngabo nokuvula umbane eziluzizi kunokuba ngempela.

Dihromaziey ebizwa uhlobo yesibini sifo. Abantu abo umbala abangaboniyo kule fomu, musa ukuthatha enye imibala ephambili. Kuxhomekeke umbala colorblind akakwazi ukwahlula olu hlobo disorder lungohlulwa lube iintlobo zeHPV zingonobangela: Protanopia - nokungakwazi ukubona ebomvu, deuteranopia - ukunqongophala ukukwazi ukubona eluhlaza, yaye ukuba umntu akafane abone eluhlaza, uza acyanopsia. Acyanopsia inqabile kakhulu kwaye kananjalo ekhatshwa ukungaboni - nokungakwazi ukubona ngongcwalazi.

Monochromacy - uhlobo sesithathu nesokugqibela imibala ziimfama. Abo baye baphawula ukugxojwa enjalo, abakwazi ukubona imibala, oko kukuthi, bona ihlabathi imibala emnyama namhlophe. Ngethamsanqa, ukuhlupheka monochromacy kangako.

Izithintelo eluntwini ngenxa umbala iimfama

Enoba yintoni umbala babubone ihlabathi yaye yintoni izithunzi lombala-iimfama, ukuba badidekile, sonke kufuneka izakhono ezithile ezithile ukuziqhelanisa kwibutho lanamhlanje.

Abantu abane yamehlo umbala imvakalelo akakwazi ukufumana iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba, ukuba uhlala e-Turkey okanye Romania. In Russia ilungelo lokufumana kunokwenzeka, kodwa kuphela udidi A okanye B Kulo mzekelo, akukho ndlela yokuqhuba umqhubi isithuthi ezithutha abantu okanye imithwalo ezixabisekileyo. Ukufumana umsebenzi, oogqirha, nabaqhubi, Noomateloshe, ekhemisi, abaqhubi kufuneka uphumelele uvavanyo umbono kwi umbala embonweni ngokusebenzisa iitafile ezizodwa. Kufanele, abo kuba imisebenzi yobungcali enxulumene uxanduva ubomi babanye.

Nokuba blindness ngayo?

Umbala blindness ayikwazi kubulawe iintsholongwane. Ngomhla inxalenye koogqirha ukuzama ukuphembelela umbala kwimbono lwezigulane nangoku eyenziwayo, phofu kuzisa iziphumo ezibambekayo.

Ekubeni imibala - badla ngezifo azalwa lwembono, abazali kufuneka ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuchonga ubukho bayo abantwana ukuqonda oko imibala ukubhidanisa umbala-iimfama-abantwana. Oku kunokwenziwa ngeendlela imifuniselo elula ngendlela umdlalo. Ukuba kuyenzeka ukuba kwiimvuthuluka kuya kuvela ukungaboni, musa ukothuka. Kufuneka bafundise izinto zakho ezisisiseko umntwana: ukuwela endleleni kwiirobhothi, ngokuzimeleyo ukudibanisa iimpahla. Umsebenzi ibalulekileyo kukunceda umntwana ngokufanelekileyo ukuze wena uphawu sakho kunye nokuthintela uphuhliso nezakhiwo zakhe.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni imibala ukubhidanisa umbala-iimfama, ukuba yinxalenye yoluntu, kunye zabo imbono yakhe eyodwa ehlabathini. Khumbula ukuba imibala Awukwazi ukufumana ngendlela self-ukuqonda kwabantu.