Uluhlu lweenkalo ezilinganayo ukuya Far North of Russia

Far iindawo North iindawo sezulu nzima ngakumbi ukuhlala besebenza.

Kwimimandla enxulumene North High: indlela yokubona

Eyahlukileyo Far North - enye yeendawo ezimbalwa ehlabathini, apho iindawo ezinkulu kusekho landscapes 'zasendle' enebiodiversity yazo enkulu ezinezinga wasentla. Ngoko ke, omnye wemiba ephambili nkqubo Russian neyokusingqongileyo ulondolozo uhlobo engaqhelekanga virginal le Arctic kunye North.

Le peculiarity kwezi ndawo kukuba lokonga kwaye yabasebenzi nexhama. Ubomi ngaphandle kwabo lee kwi emathafeni. Abahlali balapha benza ekuzingeleni, adle ukufuya, ukuloba.

Kakhulu kwimimandla esemantla of Russia

Ngokuhambelana kunye neendawo Russian umthetho kuchazwa iimeko zemozulu ezinzima.

Uluhlu imimandla Far North:

- Islands nolwandle kwi-Arctic Ocean.

- Islands Okhotsk kunye wethu Seas.

- Arkhangelsk Region (Solovetsky Islands, i-District Nenets, Severodvinsk, Mezen, Pinega, iindawo Leshukonsky).

- ummandla Irkutskaia (Katangsky DB).

- ummandla ena.

- Karelia (Kostomuksha, Kalevala, Kem, yaseBelomorsk, kummandla Louhi).

- Komi (eVorkuta, yaseInta, Usinsk, Ust-Tsilma, Pechora kunye neendawo Izhma).

- Krasnoyarsk (Igarka, Norilsk, Dudinka, Evenki, North-Yenisei, Taimyr, Turukhansk, Dolgan-Nenets iingingqi).

- Magadan Region.

- Murmansk Region.

- ummandla Sakhalin (imimandla Oha, Kuril, Nogliki, Yuzhno-Kurilsk, Okha, Severo-Kurilsk).

- yaseTuva (kwizithili Todzha, Mongun-hlathi Shynaanskaya administration).

- Tyumen ndawo (kwisithili Berezovsky, Beloyarsky, Yamalo-Nenets Ukuzilawula District).

- iyavuma Territory (kwimimandla Okhotsk kunye Ayano-Maisky).

- yesithili Chukotka.

- Sakha (Yakutia).

Lokufaka Far North lenziwa okusekelwe kwi phambi kwabo iimeko ezinzima zemozulu kunye nomsebenzi. Abahlali kunye nabasebenzi le mimandla zinikwa izibonelelo ezithile ukuze kubuyekezelwe ngomonakalo yokuziphatha kunye emzimbeni.

Emaphandleni, kufutshane High North on sezulu

Uluhlu lweenkalo ezilinganayo ukuya Far North:

- zeAltai (Ulagansky, Kosh-Agach).

- Amur Oblast (Zeya, Tynda, Zeya, Tyndinsky, Selemdzhinsky District).

- Buryatia (Bauntovsky, Barguzin, Evenki, North izimvu, Kurumkansky, Okinsky, iindawo Muya).

- ummandla Arkhangel'skaia (Kotlas, Arkhangelsk Korjazhma, Novodvinsk, Uxolo, Onega, Belsky, Verkhnetoemsky, Konoshsky, Kotlassky, Vilegodsky, Vinogradovsky, Krasnoborsky, Kargopolsky, uLena, Nyandoma, Plesetsky, Onezhskii, Maritime, Shenkursky, Ustyanskiy, Holmogorski p-Ny ).

- ummandla Irkutsk (Ust-Kut, Bratsk, Ust-Ilim Nizhneilimsk, Bodaibo, Kirensk, Kazachinsko-Lensky, Bodaybinsky, Ust-Kut, i Mama-Chui, Bratsk, iindawo Ust-Ilim).

- Transbaikalia (Kalarsky, Tungokochensky, iindawo Tungiro-Olekminsky).

- Karelia (Petrozavodsk, Sortavala, i Kondopoga, Segezha, Olonets, Pitkäranta, Lahdenpohsky, Medvezhiegorsk, Pryazha, Muezersky, Prionezhsky, Pudozhsky, iindawo Suojärvi).

- Krasnoyarsk (iindawo Yeniseysk, Lesosibirsk, Motyginsk, Boguchansky, Yenisei, Kezhemsky).

- Komi (Syktyvkar, Pechora, Ukhta, Vuktylsky, Knyazhpogostsky Koygorodsky, Sosnogorsk, Ust-Kulom, Syktyvdinskiy, Ust-Vym, Kortkeros, Emnye-Pechora, Priluzskiy, Sysolskiy, iindawo Udorsky Ust-Ski.).

- Perm (Gaynsky, Kochevsky, iindawo Kosinski, kwisithili Komi-Perm).

- Primorskiy Kray (. Kavalerovskii, Dalnegorsk, Terneisky, kwilali iindawo Olginsky Boguslavets, East, Aneurolepidium, Roshchino, Izmayliha, hlathi, i Ekude Kut, Ukugaya, Youth).

- ummandla Tomsk (Kolpashevo, Strezhevoi, Parabelskiy, Alexander, Bakcharsky, Kargasoksky, VERKhNEKETSKIJj, Kolpashevsky, Krivosheinsky, Molchanovsky, Teguldetsky, izithili Chainsky).

- ummandla Sakhalin (Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Uglegorsk, Kholmsk, Aleksandrovsk, Anivsky, Poronaisk, Nevel, Smirnykh, Dolinsky, Makarov, Korsakov, Tomari, iindawo Tymovsky, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk District).

- Tyumen ndawo (Yugra, kwisithili Uvat).

- Tyva (Kyzyl, Bai-hlathi, Ovyurskogo, Chedi-Khol, Barun-Khemchiksky, Pius-Khemsky, Erzinsky, Dzun-Khemchiksky, Kyzyl, Qaa-Khemsky, Tandy, Ulugh Khemsky, Sut-Khol, Chaa-Khol, mavi izithili -Hemsky).

- iyavuma Territory (Amursk Sovetskaya Gavan, Nikolaevsk-on-Amur Komsomolsk-on-Amur, kwilali Elban, kwilali Akan, Ascension, Dzhuen, Ommi; Ulcha ukuwa-Vanino, Komsomolsk, Sunny, Sovetskaya Gavan, Tuguro-. Chumikansky, uNicholas, Verkhnebureinsky ke. Polina kwiindawo Osipenko).

Uluhlu lweenkalo ezilinganayo ukuya Far North, likhulu kwaye ithatha indawo inkoliso inxalenye ezisemantla nasempuma Russia.

Sebenza e Far North

Far North kwimimandla Russia azakubalulwa uhlobo oluthile lomsebenzi.

Uninzi kakhulu kwimimandla ekwanti kumantla eRashiya, ingakumbi iindawo intlomo yasentla, utyebile kakhulu kwezibonelelo ezahlukeneyo zendalo. Oku kusebenza ngokukodwa negolide, amalahle, i-oyile, irhasi yendalo, umgquba, inkcenkce, ioli shale kunye nekalikedo. Eyona voluminous na oyile enxulumene ukususa negesi.

Umsebenzi e North yandiswa iimeko ezinzima kwemozulu. LezeMisebenzi yeyona ezahlukeneyo ukubhola, ubunjineli, welding, ulwakhiwo, ukufakela, imibhobho, besebenza imithwalo njalo njalo.

Umthetho Far North, lo siqinisekiso evela kurhulumente, iinzuzo

Bonke abahlala kunye nabantu abasebenza kwiindawo kunye nezibonelelo lwemozulu esibi zibonelelwa esekelwe kuMthetho Federal № 122 (ukusuka 24.08.2004 waba).

imimandla Russian eFar North kubulela kule mthetho kunikwa ithuba bavale Ukuxelenga abasebenzi kwiimeko kwimozulu embi kwaye kukhuthazwe umsebenzi wabo.

enjalo inkqubo yezibonelelo ibandakanya:

• iinzuzo ezisebenza kubo bonke, ngaphandle kokukhetha, ukusebenza Far North kunye neendawo ezilingana;
• izibonelelo kuphela kubasebenzi abathile.

Iinzuzo ezinxulumene iqela lokuqala zezi: umxhesho ngenyanga ukuhlawula, ikhefu elongezelelweyo, izibonelelo ekumiseleni urhulumente yepenshoni endala-ubudala, iibhonasi lezibonelelo lokukhubazeka okwethutyana ezahlukeneyo ukuthenga ikhaya.

FZ of 19.02.1993 N 4520-1 "On kweziqinisekiso karhulumente kunye nembuyekezo ..." usebenza kubo bonke abantu abaqeshwe okanye self-abaqeshwe okwethutyana okanye ngokusisigxina kwimibutho ezikhoyo Far North, kwakunye nabantu abahlala kwezi ndawo (kuluhlu Far North kuchaziwe apha ngasentla).

izibonelelo ezongezelelweyo

IziBonelelo, ukongeza imele kuphela iindidi ezithile labantu Far North: imbuyekezo ngeendleko xa uye kwindawo yokuhlala emva ekuyekeni emsebenzini, isixa semali xa usenza kwesivumelwano elilandelayo ukuze abasebenzi elide entsha, izabelo owayesakuba izindlu ixesha laphambi korhafelo accrual ekuqeshweni ipension, Iinzuzo onke amalungu entsapho kunye pl. et al.

Far North kunye neendawo ezilingana kwi Far North, anomtsalane ukusebenza ngengqiqo ukuba kukho ibonelelwa lweholide eyongezelelweyo iintsuku ezingama-24 kwi-kude emntla-16 iintsuku - kwiindawo ezilinganayo kuyo, kwezinye iingingqi Nordic - iintsuku-8.

Kukho ithuba ukudibanisa iholide, kodwa hayi ngaphezulu kwe-2. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba zonke xesha kweminyaka 2 xesha endleleni eya yindawo lokuphumla emva ngethuba leeholide ingafuni ukufakwa ngexesha lekhefu lonyaka kwaye wahlawula lweshishini imali ngokwayo.

Le abantu eFar North

Russia Rich emantla nje izibonelelo zendalo, kodwa ke abantu nezithethe zabo ekhethekileyo, indlela yobomi.

Far North kunye neendawo ezilingana kwi Far North, umiwe ngabantu bezizwe ezahlukeneyo.

yabantu bemveli kwimimandla esemantla eRashiya na kwizizwe zeli North, eSiberia Far East: Buryats amaninzi, Yakuts, Karelia, yaseTuva, Komi. Kukho ngamanani abantu ezincinane, abangaphezu abamalunga nama-50 amawaka. Man. Uluhlu lweenkalo ezilinganayo ukuya Far North, ezinkulu. Iquka iidolophu kwiindawo ezininzi North Russian. Ukongeza kwezo ndawo zomthonyama, abantu beentlanga ezahlukeneyo bahlala kunye nomsebenzi apha.

Le kwabantu bomthonyama

babeziindleko Endless of kumathafa emiwe iintlanga elide nenamandla le North. elide Kuye kwaba ephilileyo ukusebenza apha, inxaxheba ngokuzingela nokuloba Chukchi, Eskimos, Koryak, Aleuts, Nenets, Evenk, Sami Nganasan kunye nabanye. Xa iyonke kwakungekho abantu abangaphezu kwama-300 amawaka.

Ngomhla usingasiqithi we Alaska ecaleni Yukon River omiweyo yi Eskimos. Ngaphambili, ababehlala kule ezinezinga ezifudumeleyo wasezantsi, kodwa ngokuthe ngcembe andigweqe ngokwezizwe Indian kanye elunxwemeni Umhlaba.

Xa emathafeni Russian aphile Nenets, Chukchi, Lapps, Eskimos, Nanai, Koryak, Evenki kunye nezinye iintlanga ezincinane, ukuzama ukulondoloza yezandla zabo zomthonyama kunye nezolimo. Abaninzi babo ubomi loonothwal okanye eziphantse-ephila.

abahlali ikakhulu bendawo

I Chukchi gqatso Mongolian (iintlobo Arctic). ulwimi lweenkobe of Chukchi. Yena kancane kwaphela kwaye kwafakwa Russian. Amava wooyise wafundisa aba bantu ukuba benze izinto obutofotofo ubomi - yaranga (iimpahla, afanelekileyo ngokulala kwikhephu) kunye torbasa neebhutsi (ezikhanyayo ezishushu kakhulu kamus). Yamanyange wafundisa Chukchi kuzihlamba. Ngokuba yintoni? Kule ndawo a lot of yelanga eyingozi, kunye umaleko manqatha phezu ulusu inceda ukukhusela ubuso kane eziyingozi, ngoko kunqabile ke ndahlamba. Ubomi aba bantu ayikho ngaphandle amaxhama. Bona abo ukutya, indlu, impahla yokunxiba, iindlela zokuhamba.

Izindlu zemveli ngenxa abemi zabemi kwimimandla esemantla eRussia isibetho, eyakhiwe deerskin. Kukho Eskimos nokusithela ikhephu - inaliti.

northerners Ukuqinisekisa Pension

Abemi Far North (ngokulinganayo kubo), kungakhathaliseki ukuba bahlala phi na, unelungelo:

• I-umhlalaphantsi lingekafiki ixesha lobudala;

• ukwanda ubungakanani yepenshoni ezindala-ubudala, ixhoba kunye nokukhubazeka.

Sokuqeshwa yokuqala ye pension ukuba banelungelo abantu kwiminyaka 55 kunye nabasetyhini abangaphezulu kwama-50, ukuba baye basebenza iminyaka 15 Ekude North, okanye iminyaka engama-20 ubuncinane kwimimandla alinganayo (ngasentla uluhlu oluqhotyoshelweyo kwiindawo ezilingana kwi Far North).

Kwakhona unalo ilungelo ekuqaleni umhlala-phantsi, kunye nabasetyhini abangaphezulu kwama-50 ubudala, wazala eli xesha abantwana ababini okanye ngaphezulu, phantsi kweemeko ezithile, njengoko aphezulu.

Housing, kuthuthwa

Ukufudukela evela Far North lwenziwa phantsi kweNkqubo-mali yokuthenga izindlu ngabemi, kokushiya kwezi ndawo. It ilawulwa imithetho:

• Federal Law of 25.10.2002, № 125;

• Federal Law of 17.07.2011, № 212.

Balungiselela ngokufumaneka mali kunye umyalelo ubukhulu zabo kuthengwa abasebenzi zokuhlala eFar North.

Kwenye indawo Far North kwenziwa ngendlela ngokungqinelana nenkqubo karhulumente.

Olu luhlu lungentla yeendawo ezilinganayo ukuya Far North, eRashiya ubonisa ithuba elikhulu ukusebenzisa njengendawo yokulahlela bahlala khona imifuniselo eyahlukeneyo. Kuba nokungafumaneki ezi ezinemiphetho ifihlakeleyo kunethuba elikhulu ngenxa indawo enkulukazi komhlaba nobutyebi.