Uluhlu lweempazamo, ezithintela ukusebenza kwesithuthi. Imiqathango zokwamkelwa izithuthi ukuze zisebenze

zokhuseleko imoto Technical - imo isithuthi apho ingozi yokulimala okanye umonakalo umntu olawula kubo, okanye abanye, kuyehla kube ubuncinane.

ummiselo Legal ukhuseleko kwezithuthi

Ukwandisa ukhuseleko ezindleleni kwinqanaba lowiso, wasinika uluhlu lweempazamo kunye nemiqathango vala phantsi apho ukusebenza isithuthi. ubudlelwane Legal kummandla we-Russian Federation nemimiselo elawula kaRhulumente inombolo Standard 51709 2001. SDA iqulethe awuyomiqathango elawula imvume nokwamkelwa iindlela, yaye uluhlu zokwenzakala ezenza izithuthi ezingakhuselekanga ukuba umqhubi kunye nabanye.

Ngo-2011, iKomishoni ye-Customs Union, njengoko ivunywe yi kwimimiselo kummandla yokhuseleko esikhutshwe iindlela ivili. Le Regulation ugcwalisa uluhlu lentswelo, uthintela phantsi apho ukusebenza kwezithuthi SDA Kazakhstan, Belarus kunye Russian Federation. Mmiselo yenzelwe kubavelisi yaye umisela imigaqo kakhulu engqongqo amanyathelo asebenzayo neyokwenziwa abakhweli kunye nabantu izilumkiso elawula isithuthi noba.

Ngoko ke, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ingqalelo kakhulu ihlawulwe yokuziphatha phezu iindlela ukuqinisekisa imeko ethembekileyo zobugcisa nokhuseleko zokuhamba.

iimeko zokusebenza kukho ummiselo womthetho

Ukuphunyezwa ukulandelwa kwamanyathelo okhuseleko ekufuneka onke amaqela athatha inxaxheba neentshukumo kuphunyezwa ngokulandela izithethe kunye nemigangatho emiselwe ngumthetho.

Imiqathango zokwamkelwa izithuthi ukuze zisebenze kuvunyelwa kuphela ukuba asebenzise isithuthi ukuya kuyo phantsi kwale miqathango ilandelayo:

• zemoto nomyalelo endlela kunye nengxelo kwi-akhawunti, iimoto kusetyenziswa evela kwamanye amazwe kufuneka kuqatshelwe ngabasemagunyeni amasiko;
• Ukufumaneka pleyiti, ezinikwa umthetho;
• iimfuno zobuGcisa ecandelo TC kufuneka zilungelelaniswe yonke imithetho nemimiselo ngokungqinelana ukhuseleko ezindleleni;
• ubukho kwiindawo iibhanti zabakhweli kwiibhasi ekukhonzeni iindlela zaseDolophini;
• kufuneka nakanjani sidityaniswe isihlalo-ibhodi isithuthi;
• iimeko ezizodwa kwandlalwa iiteksi nezithuthi ukuba nokufunda ukuqabela;
• zikwimeko entle zobugcisa kunye efanelekileyo nemiqondiso nolwabiwo iingcinga kufuneka babe iibhayisekile kunye neenqwelo zamahashe ;
• xa ethwele nokuhlangana bhetyebhetye kuyimfuneko ukuchonga oko, kunye nokuhlangana enokuqina kufuneka athobele nemigangatho yesizwe;
• ibela isithuthi kufuneka ziphawulwe mshini position efakiweyo.

Ukugcinwa iimeko yokuqhuba elilelona kufuneka iliso abaqhubi nje kuphela, kodwa kananjalo namagosa ajongene komphezulu wendlela okanye inxenye yayo. iimfuno ezithile zibekwa phambili enjalo inkonzo isithuthi, njengoko iibhasi endlela. Uluhlu lweempazamo, ezithintela ukhupha isithuthi endleleni, kufuneka kwakhona zithathelwe ingqalelo abasebenzi abaziisuphavayiza kwamashishini ukuba afeze yokuhamba. Ngaphambi kokuba qiniseka ukuba aqhube uhlolo kwezithuthi kunye nokuthintela ukutyeshelwa ngemithetho yokhuseleko ibandakanyekile ngalo endleleni.

Iziphene apho msebenzi ngakumbi akwamkelekanga

Uluhlu lweempazamo ezithintela ukusebenza isithuthi iqulethe iindidi ezimbini.

1. Amaphutha okungathi besendleleni eya, kodwa lowo unako uqhubeke ukuqhuba. umonakalo onjalo kufuneka isuswe ngoko nangoko, xa kuya kuba kunokwenzeka, kwi kwiziko lenkonzo, okanye athathe ekhaya.
2. Ediliza apho bucala nayiphi na imiqondiso yendlela, kuba oko kunokukhokelela kwintlekele.

Amaphutha ezivumela intshukumo kwindawo yokulungisa

SDA ban Russian ekusetyenzisweni kwezithuthi ukuba aqalise umonakalo ezilandelayo iindlela:

• iziqhoboshi;
• inkqubo ingalawuleki;
• ukukhanyisa Ingaphandle;
• ngokuba glass kunye stekloomyvatelnye nezixhobo ifestile;
• amavili kunye amasondo;
• motor;
• namanye amacandelo.

inkqubo unyathela

Engxakini inkqubo brake yi kwakuwo wendlela ubalwe elekhtrons uphando umgama. ubude bayo ngeemitha umiselwe imo ngamnye zothutho kwaye kufuneka athobele GOST. Le izibalo data kwakhona ziquka deceleration ngcembe.

Ngenxa yoko, umgama elekhtrons, umzekelo, iimoto azikwazi ngaphezulu 12.2 m. Ngaphambili TC ezikhutshwayo kunyaka 1981, eli nani lanyuka ukuya kwi-14.5 m. Ukwehlisa imoto onjalo kufuneka ungabi ngaphantsi kwe-6.8 m / s ^2, kunye imifuziselo abadala, ngokulandelelana - hayi ngaphantsi kwe-6.1 m / s ^2.

Uluhlu lweempazamo kunye nemiqathango vala phantsi apho ukusetyenziswa kwesixhobo waqhekeza, nayo iquka kukwaphula umvumbo enyovwayo, nto leyo ibonisa wagaleleka actuator depressurization, ukunyuka iindlela zavunyelwa kunye nokungaphumeleli kwenxenye yenkqubo brake lokupaka (xa akuqinisekisi nokungakwazi kumphezulu ithambekele).

ingalawuleki

Kwinkqubo esungulayo ukuqinisekisa iqondo steering kuyimfuneko, ndibize ngesixhobo impendulo. Ngenxa yoko, ukuthutha abakhweli loo ukujikeleza mawungabi ngaphezu na izinyuko ezilishumi, xa iibhasi kunye neelori - ngokulandelelana-20 degrees 25.

ukusebenza ngaphandle xa utshintsho indlela yokusebenza, nenkanuko azanelanga, ukubana kwamalungu kunye neendibano.

Ukungabikho okanye ukungaphumeleli yesixhobo, kusandiswa ivili lokuqhuba, kwakhona ukuvala amathuba yeehambo.

yangaphandle Lights

Uluhlu lweempazamo apho isithuthi kungavumelekanga ukusebenza luquka ukugxojwa kuluhlu, reflectors kunye nezinye izixhobo. Kwakhona ubukho engamkelekanga kakhulu ezinye iindlela, ukongeza kuyilo esekwe yobugcisa (kule meko asisebenzi izithuthi, iindawo ezo kuphinda zenziwe). Ukukhanyisa akufanele sonakaliswe okanye isetyenziselwe izixa ezithile.

beacons emenyezelayo kufuneka zifakwe kwi-sithuthi kuphela ngokuhambelana neemfuno zomthetho.

Kwaye izixhobo iglasi stekloomyvatelnye

Le miba kufuneka ibe lisebenza ngokupheleleyo kwaye ifakwe kakuhle. Kungenjalo, umqhubi ikubeka wena kunye enye ingozi kwezithuthi kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba ngexesha kwezulu le ukubonakala wendlela mbi kakhulu, kwaye emnyameni - phantse zero. Xa fault eshiyekileyo ifunyanwa emvuleni okanye ikhephu, kucetyiswa ukuba amise imoto ulinde imozulu ukuphucula.

Xa uqhuba kwi ilizwe kwiindlela ezimanzi okanye ezinothuli indima ekhethekileyo edlalwa isixhobo stekloomyvatelnye. umqhubi ngamnye kufuneka abeke iliso rhoqo inqanaba ulwelo omyvatelnoy, njengoko kwimeko yokungabikho yayo, kunye nentshukumo mgxobhozo iglasi kwezithuthi ingcolile kakhulu, sebenzisa i wiper ukususa uqweqwe kuwuvule kuphela meko.

Wheels and amasondo

Uluhlu lweempazamo, ezithintela umsebenzi isithuthi ngokunyanzela abanini imoto ukukhetha amavili emoto ngenxa kuyilo yezothutho, ugxininise ukuphakama ngokomfuziselo enilinyatheleyo, ububanzi bayo kunye nesikhundla umthwalo.

Awukwazi ukusebenzisa exfoliating, amavili ezonakeleyo, amavili kunye nomtya uyihlubile.

Ngaphezu koko, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuchaza kakuhle isondo, ethintela umahluko indlela enilinyatheleyo kwi umgca enye.

Iivili, mababe simahla umonakalo neentanda. Ayivumelekanga akukho zokubopha.

motor

Depressurization kunye nokuhlukunyezwa yokuqinisekisa amafutha, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kweenkqubo ukutya amafutha amafutha kunye neegesi zeemoto awavumelekanga emotweni. GOST kucwangcisa i umda ongentla okubhalwe iikhompawundi eziyingozi kwi yeegesi.

namanye amacandelo

Uluhlu lweempazamo, ezithintela nokusebenza isithuthi, nayo iquka:

• waphula uphawu evakalayo, aziyeke;
• akukho nezipili, coir izinto, nama ajike;
• yokunqongophala kwemali becela uncedo olungxamisekileyo, isicima-mlilo, siluleka unxantathu;
• ubukho bezinto okanye Ipeyinti ezenza kube nzima ukuba umqhubi.

Izohlwayo kuba waphula umthetho mfuno zilapha ngasentla

Kwimeko yolawulo isithuthi kwigosa breakdowns ngasentla liya kuba nelungelo sikufikise isohlwayo solawulo.

Ukuze ukungaphumeleli ukuthobela iimfuneko zomthetho kwi mntu uqhuba isithuthi, unokuziwisela isohlwayo engange ukuya namashumi amahlanu okanye kuphela isilumkiso ngomlomo.

igosa Protocol ukunyanzelisa entle umngeni enkundleni, bechaza ukuba ulawulo isithuthi kunye ukungasebenzi apho umsebenzi kungavumelekanga, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukufikelela kwindawo ukulungiswa, kwaye umonakalo kwasekwa emva kokumka ukusuka kwindawo sokuhamba.

Xa ulawulo isithuthi, apho ukukhanya okanye izixhobo zesandi, ezibengezelayo iibhikhoni iinkonzo zikarhulumente kuvunyelwa kuphela kwiindidi ezithile zezithuthi, iyelenqe amacebo okanye amaqumrhu karhulumente imiqondiso, umqhubi ububandezwayo amalungelo.

Ukufakelwa ngaphandle mvume taxi icon sono silingenwe isohlwayo ka-5000 engange.

Iziphene apho inkqubela phambili akunakwenzeka

5 SDA ibe iziphene, ezithintela ukusebenza isithuthi.

1. ayisebenzi ngendlela efanelekileyo inkqubo unyathela.

Kucacile ukuba akakwazi ukuyeka imoto kwi intshukumo ngakumbi intetho akakwazi ukuya.

Ekuchongeni ukugxojwa enjalo izohlwayo are kakhulu ngakumbi. Ngoko ke, lo msebenzi arhente yoluntu nako nje iwise isohlwayo, kodwa ukususa umqhubi ukuba uqhuba isithuthi kwaye athathe amanyathelo ukuphelisa non-ukusebenza kakuhle isithuthi endleleni, ephethe oko ngendlela emiselweyo.

2. Iingxaki nenkqubo steering.

Ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba ukulawula enqanaweni kufuneka ngoko nangoko ihamba kunye, ukuba ayikwazi ukubeka ecaleni umonakalo kuloo ndawo, biza bemlandela isigadla.

Ukuze kuthintelwe ndingungantweni, kufuneka ngoko nangoko enze uhlolo kwinkqubo lokuqhuba iingcali, kuba yindlela inzima kakhulu.

3. Iingxaki kunye drawbar.

Xa ukusola nakancinane ukungasebenzi ngexesha ethwele kuyimfuneko ukumisa intshukumo. Loo isixhobo kufuneka ihambelane nemigangatho karhulumente, njengoko itreyila yaxobuka okanye ezinye izixhobo mfutho luyingozi kakhulu endleleni.

4. Xa uluhlu lweempazamo isithuthi, apho aluvumelekanga asebenzise isithuthi kunye umlomo intshukumo ngakumbi, inxalenye yokunqongophala izinto izibane, okanye ukulahleka ukusetyenziswa ngenxa yeziphene okanye xa bulb uyaphakama phandle.

Uhambo kufuneka emsebenzini, kwaye moto kufuneka sisuswe endleleni kwixesha ezimnyama imini okanye iimeko ukubonakala kakubi. Ukuba ukungaphumeleli kwimozulu ecacileyo, neyentengiso ayikho akuvumelekanga.

Eyona nto iyingozi kukungabikho kwezibane kwicala umqhubi lowo. Xa ukukhanya okuphambili alusebenzi sokhohlo besiya kuba endleleni ngoko nangoko.

5. wiper Imile kwicala umqhubi ukuba imozulu embi.

Isindululo akwazi ukuqwebela xa imozulu leyo izinze.

Ngenxa ngozi phezu kweendlela aluvumelekanga ngoyaba izilumkiso operation isithuthi. Oku ayikwazi kuphela kungakhokelela ukwayo zoluntu, kunye nemiphumela emibi kakhulu.