DHCP-server: ufakelo, kusebenze kwaye yababini

Suku ngalunye inani lemibuzo ngeekhompyutha uyakhula. Yaye uninzi lwabo ezinxulumene ngokuyintloko zothungelwano ehlabathini lonke. Phakathi kwemibuzo eyabuzwa abasebenzisi abaninzi, obizwa DHCP-Service. Indlela ukumisa ngayo kwaye ulungiselele? Funda umbhalo ngezantsi, uqonde uya kutheni le nto umncedisi kuyimfuneko, ukuba asebenze njani naye.

ulwazi olusisiseko malunga DHCP

Umsebenzisi ngamnye ogama khompyutha isebenza Uhlobo seva Windows, bakwazi ukufaka inkonzo ezifana DHCP-server. Noko ke, maxa, le nkqubo sikhatshwa ezinye iingxaki. Kulo mba, kwinkqubo yokusebenza ngasentla, kukho ingqiqo enjalo, nto leyo yenza uqinisekiso ngokusebenzisa Active Directory. Kuthatha indawo nje phambi kokuba izicelo zenkonzo ezivela client. Kwimeko ukuba server ukuba Domeyini exhaswa, abayi kugunyaziswe Active Directory, usebenzise inkonzo ayisebenzi.

Into ekufuneka uyazi ukuze ufake kumncedisi efunekayo?

Service phantsi igama DHCP Kumncedisi kuphela kufakwa enye ikhompyutha leyo ilawulwa yi umncedisi inkqubo yokusebenza ezifana Windows. Ukuze ufake iseva enjalo, kufuneka:

1. Yiya "Yongeza okanye Susa Iinkqubo", oko kukuthi ibekwe "Yokulawula".

2. Imfuneko ukukhetha tab "Yongeza okanye Susa Iimpawu", nto leyo ifumaneka kwiqela lenjongo kwicala lasekhohlo.

3. Emva koko, kufuneka uqale "Master of amacandelo." Kufuneka nqakraza i "Okulandelayo" iqhosha.

4. Kuyimfuneko ukuba senze ukhetho eli candelo njenge "Services Network" kwaye ucofe iqhosha osihloko sithi "Isakhiwo".

5. Imfuneko ukuba anikezele irekhodi «Uqwalaselo Umamkeli ezitshintshayo» kwaye nqakraza kwi "Gqiba" iqhosha.

6. kuya kufuneka ukuba klikha kwiqhosha "Gqiba", uze uklikhe ku- "Vala".

Ngoku sinokuthi ukuba DHCP-iseva ye XP kunye nezinye iinkqubo kule ntsapho Windows efakwe ngokupheleleyo.

Indlela Kwathi inkonzo inkqubo yogunyaziso?

Ukuze ukugunyazisa imfuno DHCP-server ukwenza izinto ezibalulekileyo:

1. Gqibezela inkqubo yobhaliso, ngexesha uthatha Enterprise Administrators amalungelo ilungu leqela.

2. Vula umncedisi snap nge le tab "Administration", nto leyo ifumaneka kwi "Qala" menu kuzo zonke iinkqubo.

3. Khetha i element snap, yona ingcambu. Kuyimfuneko ukuba nqakraza iqhosha lemouse ekunene nqakraza kuyo kwaye ufumane iqela elibizwa «Khangela incwadi egunyazisiweyo abancedisi».

4. Emva koku, zonke iinkonzo zizakuboniswa. Ukongeza umncedisi omtsha DHCP kunokufuneka ukuba klikha kwiqhosha "Yongeza".

5. Faka iinkcukacha (IP-idilesi yomncedisi omtsha okanye igama). Emva koko kufuneka klikha kwiqhosha "Kulungile".

6. kuya kufuneka ukuba ukuvala zonke ngokunqakraza kwiqhosha elililo.

Xa ezo parameters, nto leyo eye DHCP-server, ziya kuhlaziywa, utolo obomvu azakutshintsha umbala wawo oluhlaza. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba inkqubo yohlaziyo unokuthatha imizuzu embalwa.

Yintoni ekufuneka yenziwe ukuze umise server?

umncedisi efakiweyo kufuneka iqwalaselwe ngokusebenzisa isixhobo eyodwa ebizwa ngokuba Manager DHCP. Kuya kufuneka ukuba ufake emva kokuba ufakelo kuya kwenzeka inkonzo ahambelanayo. Ngoko ke, njani na iseva yoqwalaselo DHCP?

1. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuvula inkqubo echazwe ngaphambili. Manager DHCP i tab "Administration".

2. Sathi sibafumene othi "Computer Local", kufuneka uklikhe kuyo iqhosha lemawusi kabini ekunene.

3. Kufuneka ukhethe i "Dala 'umthetho, nto leyo ifumaneka kwi menu ebizwa ngokuba" Field ".

4. Le bhokisi yencoko yababini. Kuya kufuneka ukuba ukudayala ntlobo zilandelayo kwengcaciso: idilesi yokuqala, idilesi ekupheleni. Ngako oko, umsebenzisi kwi igalelo kwezi data delineates imida ukusetyenziswa umthengi. Kananjalo kuya kufuneka ukuba ufake imaski subnet, nabo iidilesi lokuqala kunye nesiphelo ufuna ngaphandle ukusuka kuluhlu. Cofa ezifunekayo iinkcukacha ngokubhekiselele kwidilesi enye, nto leyo akafakwa kuluhlu iyonke, ixesha ukusetyenziswa, igama.

5. Ngenisa naziphi na izimvo kusenokufuneka klikha kwiqhosha "Kulungile".

6. Xa kuyalelwa malunga nokuba ukwenza uluhlu esebenzayo, kufuneka ucofe "Ewe."

Ngoku uyazi ukuba uqwalasele indlela DHCP-server. Siyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luluncedo kuwe.

Indlela yokwenza ukufakwa inkonzo eyimfuneko ngokufanelekileyo?

Ngoko ke, yaba iinkcukacha mkhulu engundoqo parameters eye DHCP-server. Ndiyenza njani oko? Phambi kokuba wenze oku, kufuneka uqonde ukuba phantsi inkonzo DHCP ithetha protocol okhethekileyo, nto leyo efunekayo ukuhambisa oluzenzekelayo IP-adresi ze-computer. Ngako oko, le uqhagamshelwano zothungelwano kwihlabathi jikelele baya kuxhomekeka kule seva.

Kufuneka usebenzise ikhompyutha yakho njengento umlawuli. Ngoko ke "Qala" kufuneka uye kwi menu. On line obizwa "Baleka" kufuneka ufake umyalelo ezifana napclcfg.msc, ngoko nqakraza kwiqhosha "Kulungile". Kanye ukuvula i window ehambelana, kuza kufuneka ukuba wenze ukhetho esixhasa kulo mhlathi, njengoko "client Ukunyanzeliswa." Xa uluhlu kufuneka ukhethe iseva (Client DHCP ngenkani). Ukunqakraza kuyo ekunene iqhosha le mouse, kufuneka ukhethe "Yenza."

Kuthekani ukuba kukho imfuneko ndawonye iikhompyutha ezininzi kumsebenzi womnatha?

Maxa wambi kuyimfuneko ukudibanisa iiPC ezininzi kuthungelwano enye. Yaye sabelane ngesandla IP-iidilesi, inkonzo DHCP obandakanyekayo. Oku kwenziwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Kuyimfuneko ukuba kwi computer siqu ukufumana idilesi ye IP ngokuzenzekelayo.

2. Xa Wolawulo ulayishe, shiya isicelo ngokumalunga nedilesi.

3. Isicelo esinjalo sifunyenwe ngokupheleleyo zonke iikhompyutha ukuba kuthungelwano enye. Nangona kunjalo, impendulo iya kuyilwa kuphela DHCP-server. Ukuba uya kumnika ikhompyutha idilesi, into simahla. Isigqumathelo data, idilesi gateway nako ukudluliselwa, njalo njalo. n.

4. Computer emva kokufumana zonke iparameters oluyimfuneko isicelo kuzo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, emva kokuba isicelo ukuqala ziya kuthunyelwa kwi-mali omtsha. Ngako oko, i-IP-dilesi iya kuba lowo entsha.

Yintoni ekufuneka uyenze ukuze ukuqwalasela service kumzila?

Makuthathelwe kufuneka banikwe ulwazi olungaphezulu malunga ukuze isebenze ngendlela umzila DHCP-server. Oku kuya kufuna ukungena kwisixhobo ngokwalo kwaye uqale nokuqwalasela IP Idilesi-.

Team 1. zendlela> en inika mlonyeni.

2. umzila # conf t umyalelo uzophuma uqwalaselo jikelele.

3. Ukusebenzisa wokufaka umzila (config) #inf fa0 / 1 kunokwenzeka ukuya imo nojongano uqwalaselo.

4. Ngenisa umzila (config-ukuba) idilesi #ip, ungabeka IP-idilesi. Kuya kunikwa kunye imaski subnet.

5. Umbhalo umzila (config-ukuba) #no wavala luza kuvumela ukwenza interface.

6. utayipha umyalelo ezifana umzila (config-ukuba) #exit, uya kuba nako ukubuyela menu yoqwalaselo jikelele.

Indlela urhwebo server ngokwawo?

Emva kokuba zonke ezi zinto zichazwe ngasentla ithotyelwe, uyakwazi ukuqhubeka ukuqwalasela kwiseva. Ukuba uya kunika zonke izicwangciso eziyimfuneko kwi computer.

1. Umyalelo umzila (config) #ip DHCP uvavanyo pool uya kwenza nokudalwa lidike iidilesi eziya kufumana igama Test.

2. Sebenzisa umyalelo umzila (DHCP-config) #network subnet uya kuluhlu. Kwaba phezu kwakhe waza wenza nokusasazwa IP-adresi.

3. amaqela umzila amanqaku (DHCP-config) # engagqibekanga-zendlela ziya kuthunyelwa ngekhompyutha ezifana parameter ezithile njengoko engagqibekanga-yesango.

4. zendlela Team (DHCP-config) dns- # iseva ikuvumela ukuba bapase i parameter Uphawu The DNS-network.

5. Xa zendlela myalelo (DHCP-config) #exit Ungabuyela kwi menu yoqwalaselo jikelele.

Yaye kuthekani ukuba iidilesi asasaze yonke isiqinisekiso?

Lidla setting up, umzekelo, kwi-Windows 7 DHCP-server, kukho umnqweno ukuba awabe zonke iidilesi ukuba kwi subnet, kodwa ezinye zazo. Kulo mzekelo, nonke ufuna ukucwangcisa statically. Ngesiqhelo, oku kunganxulunyaniswa abancedisi. Ukongeza, idilesi, nto leyo uphawu ngenxa umzila ethile, akusoloko kufuneka ikhutshwe nakubani. Umntu Yenza umzekelo wendlela umyalelo owodwa ukwaba iidilesi athile ukwabiwa engeyiyo lifanelekile.

Ethandwa Windows 7 DHCP-server, uyakwazi ukungenisa ileyibheli efana umzila (config) #ip DHCP ngaphandle-idilesi. It ikuvumela ukuba ukususa ukusuka ukuhanjiswa kuzo zonke iidilesi ukuba ngaphakathi uluhlu ethile. Ukuba ngoko uvule computer, apho ilungiswa kunikezelo oluzenzekelayo iidilesi, ungabona ukuba ufumene i-IP-idilesi, nto leyo kungokunje free.

Usekhona ethile indlela ukulungisa useto nkonzo?

Ke kaloku, ukuba uyazi ukuba yintoni na umzila DHCP-server, kwakunye ingaqwalaselwa njani na. Kodwa kukho nenye indlela eya kumisa, nto leyo zikhutshwe imodeli idivayisi Cisco.

Ukuba kukho enyanisweni inani elikhulu subnets ezahlukeneyo kunye nomnqweno ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukwabiwa wathabatha indawo zonke iidilesi ngendlela oluyintloko ngokusetyenziswa umncedisi omnye, kuya kuthabatha kwisixhobo akuthethi ukuqwalasela kumncedisi, uze ucacise ukuba ibekwe khona. Umzekelo ukubonisa iseti zilandelayo imiyalelo, nto leyo eya kuba negalelo ekufezekiseni le njongo:

1. umzila (config) #int fa0 / 1. Lo myalelo ikuvumela ukuba ukungena izicwangciso interface, leyo ithumba zonke izicelo iikhompyutha.

2. umzila (config-ukuba) #ip umncedi-idilesi. Emva ukuzuza Umbhalo efanayo, ungakhankanya kunokuthunyelwa kuyo thina umncedisi eziyimfuneko. Ngako oko, ufikelelo kwi umncedisi kufuneka anikwe i kumzila ethile. Ukongeza, sibeka idilesi pool kuthunyelwa kufuneka ndlela zigqityiwe.

Loo scheme, evumela ukuba ngokusesikweni Linux DHCP-server, Windows, Sisco, le zendlela esabela ngokwawo indima yekuba. Kwimeko apho efumene isicelo esivela kwisixhobo ethile ikhompyutha ngokulula iyithumele kumncedisi leyo ochaziweyo umyalelo. Kwakhona uthatha isicelo yaye kwelinye icala.

Ukuyoyika ukuntsonkotha nkonzo ifanele ukufaka

Siyathemba ukuba lo yokuphonononga iye yakunceda ukuqonda yonke imibuzo kunye nokuqonda into eyenza umncedisi efana DHCP, kutheni kufuneka oko nendlela ukuyilungisa. Zonke enyanisweni buba lula ngaphezu koko kuchazwe kwinqaku. Ngoko ke ukuba une imfuneko ukuba phezulu kwaye inkonzo ufakelo, zive ukhululekile ukufunda ngokutsha kunye senzo. luck Good emsebenzini wakho!

Esebenzisa nandzu naziphi na iimpazamo umncedisi uqwalaselo aninako ukusindiswa?

Ukusebenza umncedisi we DHCP, usenokudibana le Imposiso elandelayo:

1. Akulunganga wahlelwa ukutshintsha izicwangciso ezisisiseko.

2. iidilesi ezingachanekanga ziye wangena.

3. ngokufanelekileyo Lo msebenzisi imaski subnet.

4. Idilesi ye zendlela sele wangena ngokungachanekanga.

5. Idilesi murshrutizatora ayifani uluhlu ababa ukuba subnet.

6. I domain libekelwe ngokungachanekanga.

7. DNS-server sele elikhankanyiweyo oluchanekileyo ngokupheleleyo.

8. Umsebenzisi ngempazamo wangena kwidilesi, apho ixesha umncedisi.

9. Kwenzeke imposiso yenzekile ngexesha ufako okanye ulungiso ibanga.

10. IP-iidilesi zenziwa ngokuchanekileyo.

11. Idilesi isiphelo sele wangena ngokungachanekanga.

12. Dibanisa ezidingekayo ayiphumelelanga.

13. Logama nje onke iidilesi hayi zicwangciswe kakuhle, akukho kwalomqolo kongezwa.

14 enjalo uluhlu uye wangena, imida yayo ifana naleyo kuluhlu okhoyo umncedisi DHCP.

Zizo ezi iimpazamo ezisisiseko abaninzi baye bahlangane abasebenzisi abaninzi. Khumbula ukuba yonke into kufuneka kwenziwe ngononophelo ndikunyibilikise ngokufezekileyo, kangangokuba kamva akukho mfuneko ukulungisa idata uye wangena.