Ultrasound sezintso - zokucazulula ulawulo: indawo, ubukhulu

Kwiimeko ezininzi, ultrasound ingabizwa indlela ulwazi ngokupheleleyo yaye eyaneleyo yoxilongo ukufumanisa isifo sezintso nabele unyango olufanelekileyo, kubandakanywa ngezifo ukususwa siswini. Ixabiso ultrasound kwezintso yamkelekile, kuyimfuneko ukuba ucacise kwi yokubhaliswa kumaziko ezempilo.

Izixhobo ultrasound ivumela ugqirha ngethuba loviwo ukufumanisa iparameters ezininzi ezibalulekileyo: urhulumente yokumpompoza kwegazi, ubungakanani umzimba, iimpawu nangokurhala, imeko isakhiwo parenchyma, ubukho yamatye nemingxuma, kwakunye neoplasms linobuhlungu okanye ingozi.

Ziziphi Iimpawu sisajongisisa?

• Inani amathupha.
• nobukhulu bomzimba.
• kwasendaweni yayo.
• Ziphembelele kunye imisele.
• Ubume parenchyma kwezintso.
• Imo yokumpompoza kwegazi.

Khawuqwalasele ezi iinketho ngokweenkcukacha ezingakumbi.

inombolo

Eli nqaku liza ukuqonda ukuba kwenziwa njani zokucazulula ultrasound kwezintso.

Ummiselo ubukho ngezibini kidney kwabantu, kodwa ingafunyanwa nayo okungahambi. Kusenokuba ukungabikho naso womnye kubo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-agenesis (aplasia ngomoya omnye). Okanye sezintso asuswe yi uqhaqho. Unakho ukufumana i kabini umzimba ngokwemvelo, amaxesha amaninzi oko ngomoya omnye.

indawo

Normal indawo sezintso ingabizwa ubukho babo kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo xa kuthelekiswa namanye. Ekunene, D, imi empontshwa vertebra-2 kunye thoracic 12 novulelweyo, L, imi amathambo empontshwa 1-th kunye 11 thoracic.

kidney uphando ultrasound kwabasetyhini kunceda ukuchonga nephroptosis (ptosis) okanye liphupha eloyikekayo, oko kukuthi, indawo yayo Nedlac kwi isinqe. Ifom eqhelekileyo kwezintso - imbotyi-ezimise nge aya anencasa imbono ecacileyo philisi ezinezikhondo, nto leyo iqokobhe umzimba engaphandle. Iilinganiselo kwabesifazane oluqhelekileyo abakhulelweyo kuba ngakumbi kule xesha kukho ulwandiso kwezintso ngeesentimitha eziyi-ezimbini. Kwakhona kuvumelekile ukuba encinane isinqe ukwandiswa kunye ureter.

Amacala abadala

Bokuphila norm ubungakanani kwezintso xa abadala 40-50 mm babulingana nesandla 50-60 mm ububanzi 100-120 mm ubude. Nangona kunjalo, la manani zisenokuthi zahluke kancinane ngokuxhomekeke besini lomguli kunye nokukhula.

Umaleko Ububanzi parenchyma yenye parameter ebalulekileyo zokucazulula ultrasound kwezintso. KwiSithethe - ngu 18-25 mm. Noko ke, eli nani kuxhomekeke kubudala loo mntu. Kuba abantu abadala kunokwenzeka ukunciphisa ku-11 mm, nto leyo ehambisana kunye notshintsho sclerotic. Parenchyma - a izitho kuyo utywala nephron, iiyunithi zesakhiwo zisebenza. Ukuba sisalathisi balo babulingana nesandla siyandiswa, oku kubonisa kukukrala okanye ukudumba umzimba, yaye ukuba unciphisa, ngoko sinako ukuthetha ngayo muscular.

Amacala abantwana

Ukubamba ultrasound umntwana usana kufuneka ibe kwimeko amathuba enkulu yophuhliso engaqhelekanga ngayo amalungu akhe yangaphakathi ngenxa yofuzo, ukukhulelwa kakhulu nokuzala, utshintsho umchamo komntwana. ultrasound sezintso abantwana kwi ubudala nangaphezulu ubekwa emva kokuba ekufumanekeni ezingaqhelekanga kuhlalutyo, kunye nezikhalazo iintlungu esiswini umva esicuthiweyo okanye, ngenxa yokulimala, waphula umthetho ukuchama.

Xa abantwana ubukhulu kidney ixhomekeke ephakamileyo kunye nobudala. Ukuba ukukhula ubuncinane 80 cm, ukulinganisa parameters ezimbini kuphela: ububanzi nobude umzimba. lalibalwa umntwana ka-100 cm, ukongeza, kwaye ububanzi parenchyma.

Izintso zandisa ubungakanani ngexesha glomerulonephritis oyingozi okanye pyelonephritis kwakunye ukulahleka kuza, njengoko kulo mzekelo, umzimba uza kufumana i umthwalo esebenza ukwanda.

Xa ziqonde sezintso ultrasound norm yinto elicacileyo lokuzazisa imida umaleko iiphiramidi parenchymal. Bona echogenicity kufuneka ibe ngaphantsi kunolo parenchyma. Ukuba umahluko onjalo kwisaveyi ayenziwanga elibhaqiweyo, kusenokuba kubonisa hydronephrosis.

parenchymal echogenicity

Esi salathisi imiselwa ngurhulumente kunye nolwakhiwo inyama kwezintso, apho ngokuqhelekileyo nto eyohlobo olulodwa.

Echogenicity liqondo mzuzwana ngobunzulu ancedisana otshangatshangiswayo ive. Bonakalisa ngobunzulu, kwaye esweni licace umfanekiso xa parenchyma azike. In ezisezantsi-mninzi izihlunu echogenicity ezibuthathaka, kunye nokuthelekelela ngohlobo kwiindawo ezimnyama.

Air kunye anehogennoe engamanzi. Umzekelo, cysts esiswini eziqulathe ulwelo ochazwe lobungcali njengoko anehogennoe imfundo. Kuba iinkqubo sclerotic luphawulwa, phezu koko, hyperechogenicity.

CHSL

inkqubo Pyelocaliceal okanye inkqubo esiswini inoxanduva lokuphunyezwa umsebenzi wokuqokelela umchamo. Ngoncedo lwe ultrasound sezintso ebantwini sifo alandelayo utshintsho kuwo: phambi calculi (intlabathi, amatye), pyelonephritis (i ukudumba mucosal itywina isinqe). Kwakhona ulwandiso CHLS kunokubonisa calycectasis, pyeloectasia, nangezilonda, ureteral isithintelo kunye hydronephrosis.

ISithethe kwindlela pyelocaliceal yi anehogennoe wayo. Stones, ubukhulu yi 4-5 mm okanye ngaphezulu, kumqukumbelo ultrasound zichaza ukubunjwa indlela echogenic, hyperechoic ukufakwa echogenicity. Ubukho isanti emzimbeni ebizwa mikrokalkulezom.

ukugeleza kwegazi sezintso

Ukuba nomfanekiso imithambo yegazi omzimba, esebenzisa untlu ukukrwaqula, apho ultrasound inika ulwazi kwigrafu ecacicleyo okanye umfanekiso umbala. Le nqubo yalula kunye ayiphazamisi. Ngoko ke, oko zisetyenziswe kumaphepha eemviwo zeBanga le izintso ebantwaneni. Ultrasound umisela imeko emithanjeni, ubukho stenosis intravascular kunye isithintelo kunye isantya sokuqukuqela kwegazi. ukwahluka oluqhelekileyo isusela ukusuka cm-50 ukuya 150 / umzuzwana.

Yeskim umbala iithowuni nezimnyama ziya kuthathwa eqhelekileyo kunye nombala eliqaqambileyo Iqinisekile zekhapitali flow kwegazi, ebonisa ubukho stenosis, iphambili apho - ukunyuka Velocity kwi kwemithambo kwezintso (200 cm / umzuzwana). Kwakhona isigqibo ukuhamba kwegazi isalathiso ukumelana, leyo ixhomekeke ngqo kubudala loo mntu. Nguye ephakamileyo, abadala umguli. Kuba sezintso index ukumelana Umthambo le isalathiso lilingana udidi 0.7, ngoxa imithambo interlobar - 0,34-0,74.

Ukuchongwa ezitshangubeni zophendlo lwezifo

Ukuze uqinisekise ukuba kwizintso owenzakeleyo, naye wasebenzisa ultrasound. Kukho iindidi 5 ukwenzakala le omzimba. Ahluke iqondo zokuphula:

• kancinane ezonakeleyo ugqabhuka ilungu hayi (ukuchonga sezintso subcapsular hematoma);
• neuron inqanyulwe;
• neuron eyaphukileyo ngaphezu isentimitha, lo gama umahluko ektravazatsiya anayenza;
• kuhlangana owaphukileyo ingxenye mochetochny;
• pedicle eyonakeleyo okanye nemithambo uyazimela imithambo yegazi kunye ureter.

iziphumo kokuhlaziya

Ingcaciso ultrasonography kwezintso, migaqo leyo ezinikelwe ngentla kufuneka ziqhutywe womchamo. Isiphelo zaziye okanye umfanekiso isicelo ultrasound ifoto apho utolo uphawula indawo apho afunyanwa utshintsho zophendlo lwezifo. Ukuba ekufumanekeni lotshintsho ezinemigca okanye yamathumba lisetyenziswa ultrasound vidiyo, oko kuya kunceda kwenza uxilongo echanekileyo.

Ukunxaxha ukubonwa ultrasound

Kuyinto ulwazi kakhulu xa sibona ultrasound ukubonwa kwezifo ezifana sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi kwezintso semithambo, nephroptosis, amyloidosis, nokunciphisa amathumba ureters muscular omzimba, cysts, nangezilonda, hydronephrosis, ukubunjwa ilitye, nangokurhala (glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis).

Xa ndawana ultrasound isiphelo "zomlomo pneumatosis isisu," oko kuthetha ukuba uphando efundisayo flatulence. Kulo mzekelo, ultrasound kuya kufuneka aphinde walungisa ngaphambili, okt epropu amachiza carminative.

ultrasonography sezintso: Ixabiso

Indleko yale phando ngokupheleleyo ixhomekeke ekliniki kunye mmandla. Ukuba ukuziphatha ulwalathiso igqirha ultrasound, kunokuba simahla. Xa iziko elikhethekileyo labucala e Moscow, ixabiso avareji iyahluka engange 500 ukuya 3500. Kule mimandla, iindleko iza kuba ngaphantsi kancinane, kodwa hayi kakhulu. Ungahlawula isifundo ukususela engange-350 ukuya kuma-2500.

Kweli nqaku ufunde US, malunga izithethe kokusebenza kwalo, kwakunye iingxaki zezintso ezinokuthi zafunyanwa ngexesha lovavanyo.