Ukuhlaselwa kwe-Macular ye-retina: izizathu kunye nonyango

I-retina yelihlo, izifo zazo ezichaphazela kakhulu imisebenzi yethu ebalulekileyo, yinto ebaluleke kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni imbono echanekileyo nefanelekileyo. Ngaphandle kwayo, umfanekiso awukwazanga ukucetyiswa kwaye utshintshwe. Ukubeka nje, asizange sibone nantoni na. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuba ubona naziphi na iimpawu zesifo se-retinal, kufuneka uqale unyango.

Ukuhlaselwa kweMicular: uphawu lwesifo

Okokuqala, kufuneka uqonde ukuba yintoni i-macula. Ingqongqothela ye-retens ye-retina ephakathi kwayo. Ndiyabulela, unokubona ngokucacileyo ezo zinto eziphambi kwamehlo akho. Okokuthi, ukuba yonakaliswe, ngoko ungeke ufunde nokubhala ngokuqhelekileyo. Ndiyabulela kule nxalenye, unokukwazi ukwahlula imibala kunye nemibala. I-macula iqukethe iiseli ezifayo. Ubunqabileyo babo kukuba abaqinisekisiwe malunga nomonakalo.

Ukuhlaselwa kwe-macular ye-retina yinkqubo yokugula eyenziwa ngumonakalo wombono ophakathi. Ngokomgaqo, akubangeli ubumfama obuphelele. Ukongeza, i-pathology ibonakala ngokubonakalayo kwimiba yomibini, kwaye ayinalutho, ngoko awukwazi ukubona ukuqala kwesi sifo ngokukhawuleza.

I-retina yelihlo, ugula lwakhe lubuhlungu umgangatho wobomi, alulimazi nhlobo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kwabasetyhini babonisa ukukhubazeka kakhulu. Ukongezelela, sele sele ikhulile ekhulile.

Izizathu zesifo

Phakathi kwezinto ezinokubangela ukuba uphuhliswe, kufuneka kubelwe oku:

- ukungondleki (kwimeko yokubonelela ngomzimba ngazo zonke izinto ezifunekayo kunye namavithamini, ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo kunokunciphisa ngokukhawuleza okanye kumise ngokupheleleyo);

- i-ultraviolet ray (ilanga lingonakalisa i-retina);

- mali;

- ucoceko olungcolileyo kunye nobunzima bamehlo;

Imikhwa emibi (ukutshaya);

- Nasiphi na isifo se-circulatory system.

Izifo ezithintekayo , unyango olo lufanele lugqityiwe kwaye lufike ngexesha, lunokuba nemiphumo enzima. Zama ukungabandakanyeki ekuzikhuliseni nasekuxilongeni kwezilwanyana. Idilesi kumgqirha.

Symptomatology of pathology

Ukuhlutha kwe-Macular ye-retina ibonakaliswe yimpawu:

- ukuphazamiseka nokonakaliswa kombono ophakathi, kwaye kubonakala ngokukhawuleza okanye ngokukhawuleza;

Ubunzima ngexesha lokubhala okanye ukufunda;

- kuxhomekeke kwindlela yokukhubazeka, unokubona okanye imimandla epholileyo okanye ephilileyo kunemizila eqondileyo;

- Ukungabikho kwemvakalelo ebuhlungu;

- ubunzima bokuguqula umbono emnyama;

- Ngokuphuhliswa kwezilwanyana, kuba nzima kumguli ukuba ahlule ubuso babantu.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba ukutshabalalisa kwe-macular kweso sivuthwe ngamandla, umntu unokuba neengcamango ezingekho naluphi na oluhlobene nesimo sakhe sengqondo.

Ukuxilongwa kwezilwanyana

Le nkqubo ilula. Ngokwemvelo, kufuneka iveliswe ngu-ophthalmologist onamava asebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo. Ngokomzekelo, oyingcali kufuneka enze uviwo lwezantsi kweso lebhola ukuze kucaciswe ukuxilongwa. Ngenxa yoko, ugqirha usoloko usebenzisa amaconsi akhethekileyo ukuze ahlaziye aze aphucule umfundi.

Ukongeza, umnatha we-Amsler usetyenziselwa uviwo, kunye ne-fluorescent angiography. Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukusebenzisa iindlela zeekhompyutheni ukuchonga ukuxilongwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo inkqubo yokuhlola ayithathi imizuzu engama-15. Inokwenziwa yinto nayiphi na i-oculist, kuba izixhobo ezizodwa azifunwa.

Iintlobo zesifo

Ndimele ndithi ukubola kwe-macular kweso kunokuba neendlela ezimbini: ezomileyo nezomanzi. Ngamnye wabo unempawu zayo. Ngokomzekelo, uhlobo lokuqala lubekwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngaphezu kwesibini, kodwa unyango lwayo lunzima. Ukongezelela, ifom eyomileyo ikhula kancane kwaye ngexesha lokubona kudlalwa kakhulu. Ubungqina bolu hlobo lwesifo kukuba oogqirha abalazi ngokupheleleyo ukuba bangaphathwa njani. Nangona kunjalo, naziphi na iimeko, iingcali zikwacetyiswa ukuba ulungelelanise ukutya kwakho ukuze i-antioxidants, i-vithamini A ne-E ikhona kwi-yokutya.

Kukho olunye uhlobo lweentlupheko. Ukuchithwa kwe-macular kweso kwimeko elolo hlobo kwesi sifo. Kubonakala ukuba likhula ngokukhawuleza, kodwa lwenzeka kuphela kwi-10% yazo zonke iimeko eziyaziwayo. Isizathu sale ndlela yokukhubazeka kukuphuhliswa kwemithambo yegazi emva kwe-retina. Ngaphezu koko, zineendonga ezibuthathaka kakhulu, ngoko ke, ukuxhoma kweso sithuba kweso sibi. Ukongezelela, izicubu ezixhumeneyo zikhula ngokukhawuleza emva kwe-retina, ebangela ukuba amehlo angaboni kakuhle.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ifom ye-pathology inokunyanga xa ifunyanwe kwinqanaba lokuqala lophuhliso.

Kukho olunye uhlobo lwe-pathology-senile macular. Kubonakaliswe ngento yokuba imilambo yegazi yelihlo iqala ukuba yincinci kwaye ibuhlungu. Kule meko, isondlo sesilwanyana esibonwayo sinokukhubazeka kakhulu, kwaye ukusebenza kwe-macula kuncitshiswa.

Iinkalo zonyango lwemveli yesifo

Kukho iindlela ezizodwa eziphuhlisiwe zokususa isiphoso esimele saso. Ngokwemvelo, unyango luya kusebenza xa ukufunyanwa kwentsholongwane kuye kwafunyanwa ngexesha. Ukuba unemaculopathy, izizathu zokubonakala kwazo (uhlalutyo lwabo) ziya kunceda ukunika unyango olufanelekileyo. Ugqirha onolwazi kufuneka ajongane nokupheliswa kwesifo. Iindlela zonyango zonyango aziyiyo i-panacea kule meko, nangona ingaba yongezelela unyango lwendabuko.

Ukongezelela, iingcali zingasebenzisa izidakamizwa ezikhethekileyo "uLucentis", ekunceda ukuqeda i-edema ye-macula kwaye ikhusela izitya ezintsha ukuba zingabonakali emva kwe-retina. Ngokwemvelo, loo mayeza kufuneka ajojowe kwiso. Ulwaphulo lwe-Symptomatic lusetyenziswa kwakhona, oko kukuthi, ukupheliswa kokuqhawula, ukuhlamba amehlo ukukhupha ukuvuvukala. Kufuneka kwakhona ukuthatha amayeza akhuthaza ukwandiswa nokuqiniswa kwemithambo yegazi.

Ifom eyomileyo yesifo ayifanelekanga ukunyango namhlanje.

Ingaba kuyimfuneko ukuchitha ukungenelela kokusebenza?

Ukuba eso sifo sinyanzelwanga kwaye siyinkxininisa ubomi bomntu, ngoko kusebenza. Nangona kunjalo, kwenziwa kwimeko nganye ngaphandle kokuchasene. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwiiklinikhi zanamhlanje, unyango lwe-laser usetyenziswa ngokusetyenziswa kweso sigxina "iVisudin", ejoyiweyo kwiso phambi kokungenelela kunye negalelo ekuveleni kweempahla kwiimitha. Ngombulelo kule nkqubo, indawo yomonakalo kwiiseli ezibonakalayo iyancitshiswa kakhulu.

Umphumo omhle unikezwa ngonyango lwe-photodynamic. Ngokungenelelo lokungenelela, ngoku le ndlela isagqityiwe kwaye ivavanywa. Ngokomzekelo, oogqirha baphando malunga nokukhishwa kweembrane kwiinqanawa ezitsha. Ngokuqhelekileyo, zonke ezi nkqubo zinzima kwaye zinzima, ngoko-ke ingcali efanelekileyo kufuneka ibenze.

Ukuthintela ukugula

Ukuchithwa kwe-macular kweso, unyango olunikeza impembelelo kuphela ukuba yonke imiyalelo kadokotela igqitywa, isifo esiyinkimbinkimbi. Ngokwemvelo, kuyimfuneko ukuthatha amanyathelo azokunciphisa ukuphuhliswa kwezilwanyana okanye ukukhusela ukubonakala kwayo. Umzekelo, kubalulekile ukuseka urhulumente kunye nomgangatho wokutya. Musa ukuhamba phantsi kwelanga elikhanyayo ngaphandle kweziglasi ezifihlakeleyo (umgangatho!). Qiniseka ukuba uhamba nemikhwa emibi, ingakumbi ngokutshaya.

Ngethuba lokufunda, gcina ucoceko lo mbono, igumbi kufuneka lilungiswe kakuhle. Zama ukukhetha umbhalo obhaliweyo kwiphepha eliphakathi nelikhulu.