Ukuhambelanisa ukuxhamla kwamagama

Amagama entetho ayasetyenziswanga, ngasinye ngexesha, kodwa ngokudibeneyo. Akunabo bonke abadibana ngokukhululeka kunye nomnye. Ukuhambelanisa ukuxhamla kwamagama kukukwazi kwabo ukudibanisa nolunye uhlobo lwamazwi. Ngamanye amaxesha, ngenxa yolu bunzima beli khetho, iziphambeko zecala zivunyelwe kwintetho .

Esi sigwebo, amagama anxulumene nomnye ngokubhekiselele kwisingiselo, kunye negrama. Kwimeko yokugqibela, olo xwebhu luqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwegrama yokuthetha. Ukunxibelelana kweSemantic kunika ukuchaneka kokuthetha kumxholo. Amagama asetyenziswa entetho kufuneka ahambisane nabanye. Oku kuboniswa kwiintlobo ezimbini zokuhambelana - i-lexical kunye ne-semantic.

Ukuhambelaniseka kwe-Lexical kuthetha ukukwazi kwamagama ukungena kwiintlanganiso kuphela ngeenombolo ezilinganiselweyo (okanye iiyunithi) zamagama.

I-semantic ibonakaliswa ngokwazi kwamagama ukulungelelanisa neklasi epheleleyo yamanye amagama adibanisa ukuqonda. Ngokomzekelo, iqela leentsenzi ezichaza imeko yomntu (cinga, ukuhleka, njl.), Unokudibaniswa nawo onke amagama achaza abantu (ugqirha, umdluli).

Kwezinye iimeko, xa kungengombuzo wezinto ezithile, kodwa ngobudlelwane babo (abstract, silulumagama esingabonakaliyo), ukuhambelana nokuxhomekeka kwemimiselo kunemeko. Umzekelo, unako "ukunika iingcebiso," "uhlole," "xhathisa", njl. Zonke ezi zenzi zidlala indima eyodwa, zinokuthi zitshintshwe ngokulula ngentsingiselo ("cebisa", "uhlole", "xhathisa"), kodwa akunakukwazi ukudibanisa. Umntu othetha isiRashiya akaze athi, umzekelo, "ukunika iingcebiso".

Ukuqonda ulwimi lomntu kunikwe igunya lokukhetha. Le propati yasungulwa ngamawaka eminyaka, kwindlela yokuqhuba imihla ngemihla. Nangona kunjalo, ukuze usebenzise ngokufanelekileyo amagama ngamazwi, ulwazi lweentsingiselo zabo alanele. Kuyimfuneko xa ukhetha amagama ukuba ugcine ingqalelo ekuhambisaneni kwamagama. Kufuneka uqaphele ngokuchanekileyo. Ngokomzekelo, izichazi "zinyani" kunye "zinyaniso" zifana nentsingiselo, kodwa asithi "ungumhlobo wenene" okanye "umxholo wenyaniso", kuba umhlobo wenene kunye namaxwebhu angenokwenene. Oku kuhambelana nokuxhamla.

Imizekelo yeli gama lihlanganiswe kakhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo banokuba nemida ekudibeneyo. Okokuqala, ayenokuthi angahambelani nentsingiselo: "i-overland restaurant", "orange hare", njl. Ukongezelela, ukunyaniseka kungabangelwa ngenxa yesimo segrama ("umculi omhle", "indlu yam") okanye iimpawu ezinobungqina (unokubangela "usizi", kodwa awukwazi ukuthetha ngokuvuya, sithetha "unyaka wonke", kodwa "kungekudala" ").

Ngamanye amaxesha ukuhambelana okuxhatshazelisayo kweloxical kubonakala kunokoqobo ("elidlulileyo"). Nangona kunjalo, kwimisebenzi yombhalo, ukuphulwa kusetyenziswa ngokugqithiseleyo ukufezekisa iziphumo ezithile: ukubetha umfundi, ukunyamekela into ethile, ukuzonwabisa, njl Ngokomzekelo, "umhlolokazi ocolileyo", "waxhonywa ngeendvuba", "ukuxolelwa kwabanye abantu", "ukuhlaselwa kokugqibela kolutsha", njl njl. Kule meko, cinga ukungahambi kakuhle njengesixhobo sokubhala.

Ezinye izinto ezinxulumene nokungahambelani okungafanelekanga zintlobo yesininzi (ngokuqhelekileyo abantu abahlukeneyo bawasebenzisa ngentetho ngeempazamo ezifanayo): "Intlanganiso idibene" (kuyimfuneko: "intlanganiso yenzeke"), "phuhlisa umda" (imfuno: "bandise ii-horizons"). Oku kubangelwa ukuba iindidi ezahlukeneyo ezinokusetyenziswa zingasetyenziselwa kwimeko enye, kwaye ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukutshintshwa kwezinto kubangela ukungahambelani kwe-semantic. Ibinzana lendabuko "Ndivumele ukuba ndiphakamise inqabileyo!" Ayenjalo na. Unako "ukuphakamisa ingilazi" okanye "ukutshilola."

Kwakhona, impazamo eqhelekileyo ekuhambisaneni ngayo i-lexical idibeneyo ibinzana elithi "izinga leenkonzo liphuculwe." Icandelo linokuphuculwa, kodwa umgangatho ungaphucula.