Uhlobo imidlalo yekhompyutha: kuluhlu. umdlalo wevidiyo uhlobo ngohlobo

Nokuba 20 kwiminyaka eyadlulayo ngohlobo ngohlobo video game I wayengenandawo ukuba, kodwa yokuzonwabisa ezingabonakaliyo, kwaye sele eziliqela enkulu kangangoko. series abaninzi yangoku zivela kanye ukusuka ngelo xesha. Namhlanje, abaphuhlisi kunye neentatheli basoloko emibonweni ibotshelelwe yonke igroproma sidalwa uhlobo ethile. Kulo mzekelo, bantu ezahlukeneyo abasoloko bavumelane imveliso efanayo.

Amaqela main

Ukuze umdlalo wevidiyo ayizange ibonakale uhlobo ngohlobo kunzima kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuchaza iiklasi ezintathu, ezibandakanya inkoliso software zomdlalo:

• Dynamic Games. Ukusuka ungumdlali ufuna isantya reaction ubuninzi kunye nokuchaneka. Ubuncinane imisebenzi yengqondo.
• Imidlalo uhlela. Kubo into - uphuhliso kunye novavanyo le meko. Xa oku kuyimfuneko ukucinga nje kuphela imeko yangoku imicimbi, kodwa oko kwenzeke kule oshukunyiswa yaye yintoni iingenelo ingafumaneka kwixesha elizayo. Ukufana elikufutshane kwaye olubonakalayo - chess.
• umdlalo Awe. Iiplastiki, kwaye imiba iiklasi ezimbini ngasentla, kodwa injongo kukuba phambili isakhiwo sebali, kunokuba uloyiso phezu yotshaba.

Arcade

Arcade - enye lweendidi endala. main osemqoka babo - a ukulawula elula. Umzekelo, nabadlala akuyomfuneko wazi ni yani ngale ukuqhuba indlela imoto ebomini. Nqakraza kwi utolo qhosha ukuze uphendule.

Noko ke, oku akuthethi ukuba kulula ukuwina Arcade. ababhekisi phambili abaninzi balandela umgaqo yegolide: lula ukufunda, kunzima ukuyibetha.

Arcade lungahlulwa-hlulwa zibe sub-ntlobo ezininzi:

• Scroller - umdlalo ezinamazinga yomgama ukuba skrolela ekhohlo okanye ekunene. Ezi ziquka Axe zakudala Golden.
• Igumbi - kufuneka kuqala ukuba enze umsebenzi kwindawo elinganiselweyo, kwaye ngoko ke ucango livulekile, nto leyo eya ukuya kwinqanaba elilandelayo efanayo. A ummeli eqhelekileyo - Digger.
• Tyr - injongo ukubetha iithagethi (Duck Hunt, ezinye amanqanaba "counter").

Namhlanje, ngenxa abaphuhlisi yomntu wesithathu, kukho Iiveranda ezininzi, emi apho kudibana ngeentlobo. Xa zizonke lula eklasini yoqobo kunye izinto ezintsonkothileyo ezongezelelweyo.

Thriller

isenzo Computer umdlalo Uhlobo kusithiwa kolawulo lomntu. Umehluko omkhulu evela Iiveranda - xaka. Yaye lubonakaliswa kungekhona isixa nomzamo owenziwe kuba lolwakho endleleni oyihambayo, kwaye lokufundiswa umdlalo kunye nokusingqongileyo. Phantse ngamaxesha onke, umphuhlisi izama ukwenza yokwenene virtual ngokusengqiqweni kangangoko kunokwenzeka (ukungakwazi ndinokulunyuka udonga okanye jump eweni phezu eziliqela amashumi iisentimitha, imboniselo lokuqala-mntu, umda kwi izinga intshukumo kunye m. P.).

Sinokuthi wabaseki bekusekho Iiveranda, kodwa ke inkululeko ngaxeshanye, khetha nabo isigaba esahlukileyo.

Ukuba wenze rating of ivideo imidlalo ngohlobo, inyathelo iya kuba kwindawo yokuqala. Kwathi ukuze zonke iimveliso kolu didi zisoloko phambili inkqubela. Kwenzeka ukuba lo umdlalo abangekaphuhli ngokufihla graphics ndiyingwenya na, bonke ubuhle ukuze sibonwe, hayi zonke ikhompyutha. Kuhle ukukhumbula Doom3 okanye Crysis.

ongakhetha Action

Genre imidlalo yekhompyutha, itafile elithanda yapapashwa iimagazini weendawo kwaye kumaphepha neminye imithombo yolwazi, badla ngokwahlulwa zibe ezincinci eziliqela. Kwaye ke isenzo yenye yezinto ezininzi "sasigcwele".

Kuqala kubalulekile ukukhumbula ulungelelwano phakathi amanyathelo kunye nomsebenzi engqondweni. Ezinye namabutho lubonisa edubule nantoni na enambuzelayo, abanye ifuna uqeqesho inyanzelekile, ukuhlola emaphandleni, ukuphuhliswa amaqhinga.

Okokuqala kufutshane kakhulu Iiveranda (Serious Sam, Uyakuzela umjojo, COD). Bona captivate le ungumdlali eninzi iintshaba, isantya amanyathelo, rolls sebali.

Kwelinye icala osakhasayo lahlukile-amanyathelo. Le subgenre kwavela kakhulu kutshanje. Shoot okanye nimbulale kuba mhlawumbi akukho mfuneko konke konke, okanye yenzeka kunqabile kakhulu. intshukumo nganye kufuneka zicwangciswe ngendlela eyiyo, zokuqhubela. Hayi kude kuyo wemka ukusinda kukududuzela. Apha utshaba badla ngokuba namandla kakhulu umdlali, isixhobo okanye ababuthathaka, okanye ingasetyenziswa kuphela (kwemijikelo embalwa).

Genre imidlalo yekhompyutha zidla zihlelwa indlela imfazwe. Ukukhetha apha incinane. Ukuba ufuna ukudubula, ukuze imveliso ibe ngokukhuselekileyo ngokuba shooter, ukuba intsimbi ebandayo - Slasher.

Ethile ikwachaphazela subclass imidlalo yekhompyutha. Ukuba Ikhamera esemva umlinganiswa ophambili, igama lifakiwe umntu wesithathu mazwi. Ukuba kubonakala ukuba ungumdlali ejonge zehlabathi amehlo umlinganiswa, igama uba umntu isimaphambili lokuQala.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba imidlalo yekhompyutha ngabalinganiswa ngohlobo ungahambisa. Oko kukuthi, kuthotho malunga efanayo ukuze iimveliso ikhoyo subclasses ezahlukeneyo, kwaye akanaye Ukudlala jikelele. Musa ukukhetha zokuzonwabisa, ngokusekelwe igama.

Ngokuzimeleyo kukho ukulwa, okanye ubuchule bokulwa. Ukudlala Iimveliso ezifanayo alifani elinye inyathelo-umdlalo.

Into yokugqibela ukuba unako ukubhala malunga namabutho ngamanye amaxesha baya kuwudla ilifa izinto RPG. Oku kubonakaliswa ubukho izakhono umlinganiswa ophambili kunye neempawu ezichaphazela ngokuphawulekayo adlala umdlalo. Kwakhona, njengoko baqhubele amanqanaba ezi zakhono zitshintshiwe, ngcono okanye ezilahlekileyo kunye ukutshintsha iiseyile. ubucukubhede ezinjalo - indima olusisinyanzelo inyathelo-RPG.

midlalo

Action and Arcade - hayi zonke iintlobo imidlalo yekhompyutha, uluhlu nenokuthi nelungelo Ibinzana elithi "zeentshukumo zokuzonwabisa." Apha ungadibanisa simulators. Ngayo le nto idla yongezwe nkcazo ezenza kufiphale kwaye akukacaci.

Enyanisweni, kukho kuphela subclasses ezimbini: iteknoloji kuyi kunye nemidlalo. Eyokuqala ibandakanya izibalo entsonkothileyo kakhulu emzimbeni. umsebenzi wabo - kufutshane nje ukuziphatha yokwenene kwase.

Okwesibini - ukuzama ukuveza ukhuphiswano emidlalo. Player ngendlela efanayo kwintshukumo, alawulwa yi indoda (okanye ezininzi). Ngenxa kuqala uhlobo esihlanganisa ukuziphatha kakhulu yokwenene abalinganiswa kunye benxibelelana.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba bemidlalo nangayiphi na indlela ezinxulumana ngayo eklasini - kungenzeka ukuba ukumela qhinga kwezoqoqosho.

a th

Ichaza computer ucwangciso umdlalo ntlobo kufuneka uqale sicwangciso-time real (a th). Indlela abasabela Izinga kula imidlalo njengento ebalulekileyo indima njengoko bhanyabhanya amanyathelo. Kubalulekile umzuzwana ukubaleka, kwaye iqela abaya kuthathelwa ingqalelo elahlekileyo. Noko ke, ngokuba ngumbane-fast impendulo ifihliweyo akukho nqanaba ibaluleke kangako yocwangciso kunye nokuhlola.

A th idla ngokuba iinxalenye ezimbini ngokulinganayo: isiseko kunye detuning edabini. Umdlalo abadlali namandla ngokuqhelekileyo luqinisekisiwe, hilaha ku wechess. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba imfuno ekhawulezileyo intshukumo eendaba ekuthethwa abameli kule klasi kungekuphela nje ngentshukumo.

amaqhinga Global

Ichaza kwiintlobo imidlalo yekhompyutha, oqale kunye noluhlu a th, aninako ngoyaba qhinga jikelele. Bona kuphuhliso yenkqubo sebali kunye ukulwa ezimbalwa. yonke ipati ebotshelelwe ekubaleni inobuqhophololo kwaye yenza asikhange sibe nazimfuno kwizakhono, onoxanduva isantya nokuchaneka.

qhinga jikelele ukuba ayiphelelanga nokwakhiwa isiseko. Amaxesha amaninzi, imizi emininzi ukuze ibekwe kwimephu, ukongeza amanyathelo ekulweni kukho uxolo. Kudla kukho inkqubela yobugcisa yaye baba naziphi na iimpawu kufuneka ukuba ziphuhliswe ukuze kuzuzwe uloyiso.

Ukudlala zingaba stepwise (TBS), kunye ne umlo olwenzeka ngexesha lenene. Nangona maxa wambi ababhekisi mix zombini iindidi. Umzekelo, kwi-Total War kwenziwa phantse yonke oshukunyiswa, kokubini apha TBS, kodwa xa omnye umkhosi uhlasela elinye idabi indawo ngendlela efanayo a th ngokupheleleyo.

Uhlobo usondele kakhulu loo ezichazwe ngasentla, - qhinga yasekuhlaleni. Amalungu ayo phantse ngokupheleleyo, ndayihluthwa micro-yolawulo. imveliso resource wayithimba kusekho, kodwa sikhetha linqongophele kakhulu; kuphela ezikhoyo zisetyenziswa kuphela iinjongo zomkhosi. Ngaphandle ngxabano ngqo wemikhosi kwiiprojekthi ezinjalo buyafuneka.

Ndimele ndithi ukuba uhlobo imidlalo yekhompyutha in nembali amaninzi thaca nezicwangciso ixesha. Kukho abameli ezifanayo kunye nokuzonwabisa eliguqukayo, kodwa phantse lonke ayimininzanga ukusungulwa seting, itulo nako zithiywe. Ababhekisi phambili qhinga rhoqo lisikwe igqithiselwe lonke ixesha, angavumeli nabadlala ukuba ukuphambuka ngeziganeko ezenzekayo.

Wargames, okanye imidlalo imfazwe

Ukuba imveliso ecocekileyo ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ushiye kuphela imfuneko ukugcina besilwa kuba 'imfazwe-umdlalo ". Ukuba nokwenzeka zoloyiso yamacebo okulwa uya kwandisa kuphela. Ke kaloku inkokeli thathaka isenokungaphumeleli ngeendleko shishino kunye noqoqosho.

imidlalo yamacebo

Isicwangciso okulwa efanayo kwezinye iintlobo imidlalo yekhompyutha lwezicwangciso, umahluko ophambili phakathi kwabo kukuba ulawulo ayikho amajoni kunye nemikhosi, kunye neeyunithi kuphela nje ezimbalwa. Ukongeza, umlweli nganye iya kuba neempawu ngamnye, izixhobo zazo zobuqu kunye nezixhobo. inkqubo yophuhliso ubhalo ifana asetyenziswe RPG.

abaphathi

Ukuba wargames nemidlalo yamacebo okulwa babe elementi yophuhliso, abaphathi kwenziwa nje eyahlukileyo - sele yonke apho. Noko ke, ngelo xesha akukho imfazwe, uloyiso kunokuba nezoqoqosho kuphela. Kukholelwa ukuba owasungula uhlobo waseSid laseNovo.

Ngenxa lula ukuphuhliswa kwemveliso ezinjalo, abameli geymdeva apha kakhulu lukhulu. Umphuhlisi kwanele ukwazi imithetho embalwa zemathematika ubhale umbhalo abaza kusebenzisa yona. Ngaphezu koko, lo nembangi ungumdlali ikhompyutha ingeke sikhuphisana, kodwa nje iseti imithetho echaziweyo, eyenzelwe ukuba zilinganisa kurhwebo kwezoqoqosho.

Yima ngaphandle bemidlalo. Umehluko omkhulu wazo - kukunqongophala phantse epheleleyo yemizobo ngayo iitafile, bana phandle nto leyo maxa wambi nzima iveki.

ulawulo ngokungathanga

uhlobo young kakhulu - ngqo isicwangciso yolawulo. Lo mbono iphambili yale uhlobo kukungakwazi ukunika umyalelo ngokungqalileyo kwiyunithi. Kuyimfuneko ukuba bamenze ingqondo imfuneko amanyathelo. Kwaye kunqweneleka ukuba isenzo kwaba ufuna phambili isakhiwo sebali.

Lo mbono kufutshane kakhulu uhlobo elidlulileyo, umahluko kukuba ukuze. Umahluko phakathi elidlulileyo kukhulu kakhulu kangangokuba akukho namnye uya kubiza icebo ngqo umphathi yolawulo. Abameli olu hlobo lincinane kakhulu, ngenxa iingxaki ezinxulumene kunye nophuhliso. Zamaxesha, mhlekazi, omnyama nomhlophe - oko kukuthi, mhlawumbi, onke amagama amakhulu ukuba ukhumbule.

puzzle

Ukuba ukhetha uhlobo imidlalo yekhompyutha abantwana, sinikele ingqalelo ekhethekileyo lo mntu. Kudla abameli bakhe ekuthiwa ixesha ababulali okanye onobhala ukuzonwabisa. Noko ke, le mbono kukha phezulu.

Ngokusisiseko, njengokuba igama lixela, amalungu ale eklasini wayeyixhalabele kunye nentloko, izandla zenu. Bobabini yisa ibhodi ubucukubhede imidlalo ehlabathini virtual (chess), kwaye basebenzise zabo (Armadillo, Tower of Goo).

Entertainment Scene

Kolu luhlu kufuneka ziquka ezo amalungu zokuzonwabisa enesiqhamo, awawabeka phambili kuphela umdlalo njengoko ibali, umoya, ibali esemgangathweni. On rhoqo bathi: "Nguwo lo mdlalo indawo onokuhlala kuyo."

Ngokufuthi aqulathe iimpawu kunye namanyathelo, kunye nezicwangciso, kodwa hayi le iseti yokuqala yebali adventure. Yiyo le miba awuvumeli ukuba lokuhlela iiprojekthi efanayo Diablo kunye clones zayo, enoba kangakanani oku akunjalo abalandeli ngale mveliso.

ngela

Computer imidlalo kukukhangela uhlobo - ibali abameli adventure kakhulu ecocekileyo-ezinegazi. Bona phambili ungumdlali unendima, kwaye kulo mbono uchaza naluphi na ibali interactive. Ngela ziphantse kusoloko yomgama, yiya ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya ekugqibeleni ingaba enye kuphela indlela. izisombululo kunokwenzeka ukuba umsebenzi ngamnye - ubuncinane. Le misebenzi iphambili - wayenelizwi NPC, afune izinto, edibanisa kubo.

Ezi meko zinje kwenza kube lula ukuba bavelise ubuncinane kwaye kuvumela umbhali script kukhanya lwendaba olukhazimlisiweyo. Yeha, namhlanje ngela azikho uhlobo ezithandwayo, yaye ngenxa yoko musani kunomphumela. A ummeli ezinqabileyo eli sebe iwela kwiintengiso ze top-izintlu okanye imibuzo search. Ngenxa yoko, namhlanje uyakwazi adibana rhoqo iimveliso zexabiso eliphantsi kweli cala.

Amaxesha amaninzi malunga ngela bathi imidlalo yekhompyutha zokucupha yohlobo. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yenani elikhulu labameli, isixelela malunga ngabacuphi. developers abaninzi nje "lisongelwe" ezaziwa iincwadi an iqokobhe interactive.

Puzzle-ngela

Olu hlobo zokuzonwabisa virtual babe ibali ukubhidisa kwaye inzima, njengoko kwi nezinto njengesiqhelo, kodwa kunokuba njalo ukuba akakho kuwo onke. Endaweni yegama elishicilelwe phantsi kule meko kuziwa emoyeni. Umdlalo iqulathe ngokupheleleyo ukusombulula imfihlelo kunye iiphazili enzima nelula.

Ilungu edume iklasi i Myst nezininzi ukuqhubeka. Njengoko nezinto ezilula, puzzles athandwe kakhulu namhlanje.

umdlalo indima lokudlala (RPG)

I-RPG (role-ukudlala imidlalo) nesakhiwo kunye akunjalo ndawonye. Kwakhona wongezelela izinto amanyathelo kunye nocwangciso. Uhlobo nozintyintya nabadlala kunye namaqhinga, yaye inkqubo yokulwa phambili, kunye Ukudlala phambili. Kodwa musa edidekile lesibini nelokuqala. Kungenxa yale "Rage" kunye Diablo udla kakhulu obizwa ngokuba "rolevki".

Ngenxa yoko, RPG-zeprojekthi kuqwalaselwa kuphela xa imveliso omnye, apho eyona nto ibalulekileyo - kodwa ibali, unxibelelwano kunye NPC, inkululeko amanyathelo. Kungenxa yale ezaziwa uhlobo zezi Arcanum, Yeathom, Planescape. "Rolevki" lidla ichazwa njenge umdlalo computer uhlobo iingcinga, ukuba kuphosakele ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kaninzi amalungu uthandwayo kolu hlobo kwaye kunikeza nabadlala ukutyelela ilizwe jasmay, isimo sentlalo alunasiphumo kwi kuyo, apho iqela irekhodi imveliso leyo.

Ukongeza sebali, attribute akukho kangako ingqalelo roleplaying. Nabadlala ungazama phezu indima abasindayo, njengegorha, isela. Ayizi phambili ukuya elwandle, yaye lo mgaqo "okulungileyo - nokubi". Noko ke, abaphuhlisi benza inzima kakhulu ngakumbi. Uyakwazi ukwenza okulungileyo, ukuze kuthathwe asingabo bonke. Ukongeza, asinguye wonke NPC iya kukholosa umntu owenze Zininzi izinto "ezilungileyo". Ukuze umntu abe engundoqo intelligence bemfuno sifuze.

Ngokuba izenzo zonke ophambili kweli hlabathi uya kusabela. Nizahlule i NPC, ekuwo, kwisiqwenga akayi kubashiya ngaphandle utshintsho. Ngoko, kwenzeka ukuba kwinqanaba ngalinye Ungahamba abaninzi ngeendlela eziya kukhokelela kumjikelo wokugqibela ezahlukeneyo.

MMORPG

Ichaza kwiintlobo imidlalo yekhompyutha, awukwazi ngoyaba MMORPG. Yena lufaka ezinye iinkalo izicwangciso. nabadlala abaninzi musa ukusebenzisa candelo role-ukudlalwa kweeprojekthi ezinjalo, kodwa ngokuyintloko isicwangciso kuphuhliso umlinganiswa.

Umahluko phakathi kweemveliso amele RPG online, phantse namnye. Ifomula ihlala, kuphela izinto ezifanayo minor utshintshe. Kule meko ixesha elininzi umdlali ichitha "zokumpompa" edinayo. Yintoni umdla MMORPG phantse akukho njongo enye ngaphandle ukufikelela kwinqanaba lokugqibela.

"Rolevki" Online elinde ukuba umakhi oya kuba nako aphefumle kwi kwehlobo uhlobo. Yeha, iimali eziyimfuneko nokudalwa iiprojekthi ezifanayo, ziphezulu kakhulu, loo nto ezo Studios ngubani na ukuthenga ukukhululwa MMORPG, yiya kwindlela eqingqiweyo, ezama ukunqanda iingozi.

udaka

Sinokuthi olu hlobo kwakudala. Nangona kunjalo, ezi imidlalo nokuphuhlisa kwaye abe nempumelelo, nangona wayengekho kuluhlu olubanzi kakhulu kubasebenzisi.

Yintoni udaka? Inkcazelo iza kuba kakhulu lula; kwi window ibonakala uphawu kuloo ndawo apho umlinganiswa na. bhalela nje ekuwisele umthetho: izinto ezisetyenziswayo ukuhamba, jikani, vula umnyango. Udaka wayedla yaduma inkqubo indima D & D. It igqiba indlela umlinganiswa iza kuphuhlisa.

Eyona nto inomdla kakhulu kukuba ungumdlali akazamkeli zonke amagama anokuthi wangena console. Ngaphezu koko, le luhlu litshintsha xa ususa phakathi kwiindawo. Funda inkcazelo ngocoselelo, unako ukufumana izinto kwimboniselo kubasebenzisi ongakhathaliyo efihliweyo.

MUDs ukukhuthaza abasebenzisi smart. Zize ngokunjalo izinto ezifihlakeleyo ezinye ummeli zabantu akusoloko zifundwe kwiforam, kuba ulwazi le midlalo - ngamandla.

Kuba abantwana

Njengazo naziphi na ezinye zokuzonwabisa enesiqhamo, imisebenzi geymdeva unako lungohlulwa lube zezi ntlobo zilandelayo imidlalo yekhompyutha ngenxa epriskuli abantwana:

• Puzzle. Oku kungabandakanya iiphazili ezilula, ukuphuma. Baza kucinga logic yokucinga, inkumbulo kunye nokuzingisa nabantwana.
• Computer iinketho desktop zokuzonwabisa. Ezi ziquka tag, Dominoes,-Checkers. Umntwana ufunda nocwangciso uqikelelo.
• Umculo imidlalo - wadala ngqo kuphuhliso yokuva ukuva isingqi.
• Tutorials - enye zokuzonwabisa virtual iphambili ebomini uthole. Bona ajolise kuphuhliso lwezakhono ezithile: imibala zokufunda iimilo, oonobumba, ukubala, etc ...