Uhlalutyo esisiseko emarikeni. Uhlalutyo zobungcali ebalulekileyo

Uhlalutyo Fundamental - iseti iindlela ukuqikelela iziganeko kurhwebo okanye inxalenye kurhwebo phantsi kwempembelelo iimeko zangaphandle kunye neziganeko. uqikelelo echanekileyo utshintsho kwiimeko zorhwebo ivumela umdlali ukwenza izigqibo ezifanelekileyo ukuze ufumane ekwiqondo eliphezulu okunzulu ezinjalo. Eguquguqukayo okubangelwa iziganeko ezichaphazela-nkqubo kunye noqoqosho kumphakamo macro, ukufunda uhlalutyo esisiseko.

Umdlali nempumelelo lwemali kunye stock kwimarike, njengoko umthetho, yenza uhlahlelo olunzulu zobugcisa lusisisekelo Iimpawu zoqoqosho eziphembelela kuphuhliso lwabo. Uphando olunzulu kubahlali angundoqo emarikeni, inowuthi umngcipheko-nxaxheba. Uhlalutyo umsebenzi ocwangcisiweyo eziphambili - ukuchonga iindawo ezininzi enomtsalane zotyalo-mali.

iindaba

iindaba echaphazela imarike lungohlulwa lube:

• ezoqoqosho;
• nkqubo;
• namarhe uzilindeleyo;
• amandla majeure.

Ngenxa yoko, iindaba kwezoqoqosho nezepolitiki lungohlulwa lube iziganeko ekulindeleke engalindelekanga kunye. Uphawu kulindeleke babhengeza iindaba, angenileyo kwikhalenda kwezoqoqosho.

semthethweni

Ifuthe iindaba kunye neziganeko kwimarike inokuba unesakhelo yexesha eyahlukileyo, kodwa nayiphi imarike iindaba Lize phantse washona, ukuhlaziya umlinganiselo ixabiso, yaye kamva iziganeko kuphela ukuxhasa le mikhuba. Ngoko ke, ukuqashisela yemalike iindaba kuphela kangangoko ngexesha elifutshane lekhefu, kude emarikeni kwakhona abayi kufumana isikhundla izinzile.

ikhalenda kwezoqoqosho

Ngenxa yokuba uninzi iindaba kwezoqoqosho waziwa kwangaphambili umhla zokurhoxa, nabarhwebi kwiimarike abahlanganisele ndawonye kwi kwikhalenda ekhethekileyo. Uzisa into yokuba ukuze kwimarike ukumimitheka umbhodamo, likuvumela ukuba ukulungiselela isiganeko aze ayinike uvavanyo lokuqala. Le khalenda zoqoqosho wangena imihla:

• ncwadi iingxelo zamanani ngu States;
• iingxelo zemali abadlali ezinkulu emarikeni;
• bengena force bamkela imithetho, ukutshintsha iimeko zoshishino;
• iintetho ziinkokeli, iintloko yeebhanki zesizwe kunye namaziko ezinkulu zemali;
• isaziso nezinye iziganeko ezinokuchaphazela imeko nemakethe.

Iimeko okokuqala kuhlalutyo

Uhlalutyo Simple esisiseko yinto kelelo kuqala, kwixesha elifutshane lokuphumla ukucinga ukuba ukungabikho iindaba imarike uzinzile kunye iintsingiselo ngokubanzi kuyaqhubeka. Ngoko ke, eyona miba ephambili echaphazela imbonakalo oscillations kwaye, ekugqibeleni, ukwenza ingeniso lentelekelelo kula ukuhla kukho iindaba (events). Kulo mzekelo, iindaba kunye neziganeko ezingalindelekanga ngakumbi, kokukhona kukutshintshatshintsha emarikeni, kunokubangela. Yonke usomashishini oqhuba uhlalutyo esisiseko yemarike, linqwenela ukuba uphephe iingozi kunye nokulahleka banomdla ingeniso engakumbi ukuhla.

amandla ezoqoqosho

Ukuze baqhube uhlalutyo esisiseko ulinganisa izinto ezibonisa imeko xa iyonke uqoqosho, ezifana:

• luhlole GDP - GDP le lwemali kazwelonke kunye nempahla kummandla karhulumente kwaqinisa;
• mali lizwe, okucwangcisiweyo kanye ubukhulu kwintsalela okanye ngentsilelo;
• iintlawulo kunye nokulungelelana urhwebo, umlinganiselo hunyelwe amazwe;
• indices yabaXumi futhi kufa amaxabiso, izinga lokwenyuka kwamaxabiso;
• data kwemisebenzi;
• Indices kwemveliso yoshishino, kwanaleyo kwananwe izabelo, ezinye nezalathisi zoqoqosho.

Kukho ezininzi indices ezahlukeneyo kunye nezalathisi zoqoqosho. Kuba abadlali kwimarike yonke imiyalezo anikwe utshintsho ezi nezalathiso, athwale ulwazi olubalulekileyo, ukufunda apho umntu ukumisela isicwangciso ekunene ngenxa yokuziphatha kwazo ukuze siphephe ukulahleka kunye nenzuzo.

iindaba Economic ngokuqhelekileyo kulindeleke - abahlalutyi ngaphambi kokuba zenzeke bazama ukuqikelela ixabiso nezalathiso kunye nezalathisi. Kuphela kwimeko unxaxho ngamandla ngamaxabiso okwenene ukusuka emarikeni iingqikelelo luhlangabezana utshintsho olubalulekileyo.

nemibandela ethile yezobupolitika

Utshintsho karhulumente, iziphumo zonyulo, iingxelo yeentloko karhulumente, ukwamkelwa kwemithetho kunye nezinye indaba zepolitiki Uhlalutyo esisiseko iqwalasela ngokwemiqathango yempembelelo kuqoqosho ze ucingele utshintsho kwimarike okubangelwa kwezi ziganeko. Isiphelo zezivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe, off-market ummiselo kuqoqosho kungaba nefuthe elibonakalayo kwimozulu kwezoqoqosho ngokubanzi karhulumente kunye kumazwe ukuba amaqabane enkulu ngobuchule.

Le indaba zepolitiki ziquka kusehla, ungquzulwano, utshintsho kwinkqubo yezopolitiko, kunye nezinye iziganeko. ifuthe lazo kuqoqosho inokuba nemiphumo eyahlukileyo. Nangona, njengoko umthetho, uqhushululu kwezopolitiko abatyali ezinkulu kanti umdla iziphumo elibi kuqoqosho ngokubanzi. Le ntlekele yezopolitiko sidla ekhatshwa Ukudodobala koqoqosho kunye vice versa.

Amarhe echaphazela balindele

nefuthe elibonakalayo abadlali emakethe ukuba yadluliselwa amarhe. Yeyona ezilindelekileyo abantu abafuna ukufumana yenzuzo nga ukwandisa utyalo-mali kweli okanye candelo loqoqosho okanye iqela elithile. Ukongeza, ezi zinto kukhokelela utshintsho kubume emarikeni. Umngcipheko nxaxheba ukuba badlale indlebe, iphezulu kakhulu, kodwa ukuba rates echanekileyo, ngoko iinzuzo kwi mali iphezulu.

Force iimeko majeure

zemvelo ezinkulu awabangela ukutshatyalaliswa amashishini mveliso, Railway kunye nezinye izibonelelo; kuba ukutshintsha kwiimeko zoqoqosho kummandla we ntlekele. iintlekele Man-ezenziwe ukutshintsha utyalo lwemozulu kwiinkampani ngamnye kunye noshishino ngokubanzi. Uhlalutyo Fundamental ivumela ukumisela indlela eluhamba ngayo uqoqosho phantsi kwempembelelo izinto ezingalindelekanga. Isebenza kuphela ukuba ukufunda imarike ngokubanzi, kodwa ngenxa iindawo zotyalo-mali ezithile. Kuyenzeka ithuba lokuyihlolisisa le meko kule nkampani, kushishino, icandelo elithile emarikeni. Le ndawo eziveziweyo zazo isicelo ngabo eziza kuxoxwa ngezantsi.

Uhlalutyo esisiseko zemali ezi

Iindaba kunye neziganeko ezenzeka kuqoqosho, ngokufuthi nefuthe kakhulu lwemali kazwelonke. Ukufunda impembelelo iziganeko, uhlalutyo esisiseko lwemali market Ijolise ukuqikelela ekuqiniseni okanye buthathaka kwemali ngababini zorhwebo. Ukuba omnye nesiziba efanayo iindaba inempembelelo entle kwisibini lwemali lokuqala kunye nezimbi - kuba lesibini, ukomelezwa ke lowo imali yokuqala ngokunxulumene owesibini. Into ebalulekileyo kwimarike lwemali na ke amaxabiso amazinga enzala beebhanki zasekhaya, uthi ingakumbi eyomeleleyo kuqoqosho.

Uhlalutyo esisiseko kwiimarike zemali kunye notshintsho lwemali exchange ibonisa iinkqubo ezininzi ezenzeka kuqoqosho lwehlabathi, kwaye ikuvumela ukuqikelela intshukumo amaxabiso ukuze afumane inzuzo kweli hlabathi ziguqu-guquka ngenxa kurhwebo. Kubalulekile ukuthatha ingqalelo uhlobo nokungazinzi koqoqosho nophuhliso lwezoqoqosho.

Kumathuba nokwehla xa imveliso evela kumchiza, Esiwa kwenzala, kunciphise kwimfuno yabathengi, abangaphangeliyo, imali yesizwe uphelelwa isibheno yayo. market exchange angaphandle Iminxeba imali zabo ukuzama ukugcina yelizwe womelele ngakumbi. Kodwa simele sikhumbule ukuba ixesha nokwehla athathelwa indawo ngxi kunye nokukhula, ke ngoko ukuba abadlali kwimarike yamazwe angaphandle ukufumana inzuzo yazo.

Fundamental uhlalutyo lwemali yemarike kwi imeko elifutshane elide kuqikelelo lwemozulu yophuhliso lwayo usebenzisa iimpawu uhlalutyo zobugcisa. To the tyaba (amileyo) karhulumente abadlali abanomdla utshintshiselwano lwemali. uhlalutyo olululo kunye nobugcisa isekelwe phezu ukusetyenziswa umzekelo zezibalo. Ngokuba iindlela inxaxheba lwe lweenkcukacha lwezibalo isilinganiselo.

Uhlalutyo esisiseko imali eninzi

Le urhwebo yezabelo kunye nezinye izibambiso kufuna isifundo nzulu. Uhlalutyo esisiseko imali eninzi ngokusekelwe maza efanayo lonke uqoqosho. Noko ke, kule meko indima ebalulekileyo edlalwa iimpawu kushishino-ngqo, njengokuba amacandelo ezininzi iziganeko ofanayo nemiphumo eyahlukileyo.

Uhlalutyo esisiseko imali eninzi kufuna ingqondo enzulu nesenzeko, kuwo omabini amanqanaba amakhulu namancinci. Umzekelo, ubunzima ngenxa ukuthengiswa kweemveliso ezithile nako kukhokelela ekwandeni kwiintengiso impahla, indawo yazo, ukuba ukutyhalela ugxininiso-mali xa imali eninzi.

Uhlalutyo Fundamental esitokisini amashishini ngokusekelwe ukufunda ngokunzulu imo nemeko yoqoqosho ekhoyo, amathuba nophuhliso kolu shishino. Kufuneka lusithathele ingqalelo imeko yemali inkampani, yayo yohlengahlengiso lweentlawulo, abasebenzi.

Uhlalutyo ezisisiNyanzeliso kwizabelo kufuna emfundo aphezulu ukusuka zabarhwebi, ukuziva enobuchule ukutshintsha nemakethe. Njengoko sasifunda ezi zinto, abatyali enze izigqibo ukufunyanwa okanye intengiso yezabelo yenkampani kwiimarike stock. Kuphela uhlalutyo angundoqo stock imarike bangalindela ukwenza isigqibo elifanelekileyo-mali kuze kubekho okulungele.

analysis intermarket

Yimeko ebalulekileyo sokufunyanisiweyo okuhlalutya echanekileyo kukuba ukuqonda ulwalamano olusondeleyo kweemarike ezahlukeneyo kunye namacandelo. Imizila evela kuyo nayiphi na kwimarike okanye ingxenye yayo, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kubangela lokungcangcazela jikelele. Ubukhulu kwezi oscillations kulandwa ukubaluleka kunye nokuhlanganiswa le yinxalenye yommandla wentengiso kwiinkqubo jikelele kuqoqosho.

Kulo mzekelo, iintsingiselo buso kunye jikelele inokuba nomahluko - ukukhula kwenye candelo kuqoqosho kunokukhokelela ekwehleni kwamanye amashishini kunye ibe nefuthe elibi kuqoqosho ngokubanzi. Umzekelo, ukuhla kwamaxabiso ombane akukho kuchaphazela ngokucacileyo amacandelo ngamnye kwezoqoqosho kunye uqoqosho lwawo onke amazwe.

Kule meko, nangona yokudodobala kumashishini amandla yokuvelisa, kunye namashishini anxulumene isoftware zabo, uyakwazi sihlele ukukhula yabathengi le ncwadi. Kwaye kuphela ukuba isabelo kuqoqosho imeko imveliso yezamandla liphezulu, oko kunokukhokelela ubunzima obukhulu kule meko jikelele kwiimarike kweli lizwe, ebangela ukwehla kwemfuno kunye nokukwazi ukuhlawula kuwo onke amanqanaba yabathengi. Ngoko ke, iziganeko ezifanayo kumacandelo ahlukeneyo emarike kunokukhokelela imiphumo kude tye.

analysis xaka

Uhlalutyo Fundamental kusekelwe iziganeko ezichaphazela iinkqubo kwezoqoqosho, kodwa ngokuhlalutya kwimarike, kufuneka bazazi ngokupheleleyo yokuba amaxabiso imarike banike bonke abathathi-nxaxheba, kunye nokudaleka kuxhomekeke ezahlukeneyo izinto luluvo, nto leyo inokuba engalindelekanga kakhulu ukusuka kwindawo Ngenxa uhlalutyo lwemigangatho. Ngapha koko, wonke umdlali kwimarike ngamnye ukuvavanya le ndaba, kunye nesicwangciso izisombululo bonke abadlali ekugqibeleni yenza intsalela yonikezelo kunye nemfuno kwaye ngoko ke ixabiso.

Bonke abathathi-nxaxheba emarikeni phambi kokuvela isiganeko ngokusekelwe amarhe, amava abo, izimvo iingcali ukulungiselela utshintsho kwaye ngokungqinelana kunye nolindelo zabo kuchaphulo utshintsho kwangaphambili. Ngelo iindaba linye abadlali ngamnye basabela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, maxa wambi ukuthatha izigqibo eziphikisanayo, - oko kukhokelela kukuba iqhekeza ebalulekileyo kakhulu yeendaba maxa wambi akuthethi ukuba utshintsho olukhulu iingcaphulo kunye namaxabiso. Loo Uhlalutyo ixesha kakhulu elide, njengoko kunyanzelekile ukuze bakuthathele ingqalelo indlela bonke abadlali nemakethe wabonakala phezu iindaba. Sinako ukucinga ukuba uhlalutyo esisiseko - eyagcina ufunda ezingqondweni adibeneyo abadlali emarikeni.

Imiqondiso yokuhlola eyiyo

isalathiso stock kunye nezalathisi zoqoqosho kuhlanganisela kwaye zibonisa kuphela mkhuba ngokubanzi uqoqosho kunye emarikeni. Ukuze uhlalutyo oluneenkcukacha kunye kwezigqibo kuyimfuneko ukuhlola zonke iimeko ezinokuchaphazela iziphumo. Yiloo nto abantu abafumana ingeniso evela kwintengiselwano kwi exchange, ekuthiwa abadlali, njengokuba ekugqibeleni emsebenzini wabo (kwaye mhlawumbi nkqu ubugcisa borhwebo) zidlala indima ebalulekileyo amathamsanqa, italente kunye nokukwazi ukuhlola ngokuchanekileyo iziganeko kwimarike ufunda uhlalutyo esisiseko.