Udidi ngendlela yezilwanyana: zohlaza eziphambili kunye nemigaqo yokuhlela

Le ndaba inzululwazi KABLOOM kukho ukuhlelwa eziphilayo. Ukudibanisa abantu ngokwamaqela ngokusekelwe iimpawu ezithile sibaluleke aluncedo kakhulu ukufunda kwabo. Iindidi eziphambili ngendlela kwezilwanyana kunye nemigaqo kwi yokuhlelwa kwazo, kuya kuxoxwa ngazo kwinqaku lethu.

Basics yokuhlelwa yezilwanyana

Yintoni isizathu ukusuka ezahlukeneyo eziphilayo bungabonakala izilwanyana? On a single - indlela yokutya. Zonke izilwanyana, ukususela amoeba kakhulu ukuya whale omkhulu, abantu heterotrophic. Oku kuthetha ukuba bakulungele ukuba badle izinto eziphilayo kuphela kwaye ukuvelisa nabo ngokwabo.

Taxon yeyona ntlobo incinane isilwanyana. Eli liqela labantu abo bamanyene kumgaqo lokufanayo zezakhiwo, amalungu kunye nendalo. Olu didi ngendlela isilwanyana unalo igama kabini. Ekuqaleni yaziswa inzululwazi nzulu esidumileyo uKarl Linney. Chafer, inkumbi efudukayo, nenciniba ngekhephu - igama yokuqala eziphilayo. Igama yesibini uchaza sodidi apho isilwanyana.

iindidi kwakhona kwenkqubo yezilwanyana: itafile

iiyunithi kwakhona kwenkqubo kuthiwa zohlaza. Uhlobo uhlobo ezizezona zincinane kubo. Le taxon inkulu - le ubukumkani. Ngelo langoku ibakala KABLOOM, abahlule ezintlanu. Esi sityalo, nomngundo, iintsholongwane, iintsholongwane, kunye nezilwanyana. umehluko oyinhloko yabo indlela yamandla neempawu ngesakhiwo cell. Ulandelelwano kweendidi kweenkqubo izilwanyana eboniswe kule tshathi.

kweseli

udidi ngendlela izilwanyana abo, eziphilayo elula single-ezineseli bamanyene. Bonke eukaryotes. iseli lwabo omzimba epheleleyo ekwaziyo ukwenza zonke iinkqubo zobomi: isondlo, yokuphefumla, ukukhula, ukuzala, intshukumo.

imizekelo imifuziselo izilwanyana subkingdoms kwiseli nje Amoeba Proteus, euglena oluhlaza, Paramecium caudatum.

multicellular

Umzimba abameli olu manyano indlela akuxhomekekanga nje ichazwa ezininzi iiseli. Ezi zithinteli zincinane efanayo isakhiwo umsebenzi ezo zidityanisiwe ngokulandelelana zomzimba, amalungu kunye neenkqubo. Olu didi ngendlela iquka iintlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana, ubume apho ngokulandelelana ezimbaxa ngakumbi. Zizonke ezisixhenxe. Zezona kakhulu abangekaphuhli kwi isakhiwo ilula. Ezi eziphilayo zihlonyelwe yokuphila, esidla yi product. Amanzi hydra, jellyfish kunye polyp ke abameli uhlobo Coelenterates. Ukuba iiseli ezikhethekileyo ukuba angekayazi eli laphu lokwenene.

Okokuqala, ezi zakhiwo avele iimpethu ezenza iintlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana: tyaba, ngeenxa kunye abamnkela. ZifunwaEzokugqibela zidweliselwe luphawulwa imbonakalo kwegazi. Uhlobo elandelayo yezilwanyana multicellular ebizwa mbambela. Zinelungelo umzimba ethambileyo, nto leyo yahlulwe ngokwamacandelo kwaye amaxesha amaninzi ukhuselwe esinkini. I inkulu ukwahluka lwento na uhlobo arthropods, leyo eye izinambuzane, intlanzi kunye ezinamaqokobhe.

kumenze

Olu didi ngendlela izilwanyana kakhulu kunzima ukufumana, kwaye linesicwangciso isakhiwo jikelele. Le yezihlunu umcu nokufumaneka, okanye imisindo, zemithambo ityhubhu kunye kumculo slits kwi pharynx. Kuxhomekeka kokusingqongileyo kokuba ilungiswe. abameli Udidi lwe chordates ezaziwa bonke yaye sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumsebenzi yezoqoqosho yabantu. Bona abemi imifuziselo emanzini - intlanzi, obubonakala ngokuba yincwadi evuliweyo dj uphefumlayo. Izilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini zizilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni kodwa ukuzalela amachibi. It anyuke amasele lawo, maxoxo namasele umthi. Ngokupheleleyo phezu izirhubuluzi ilizwe - iingwenya, amacilikishe, iinyoka, Ufudo. Kwaye ke iintaka zezulu phantsi le yokuhlala. Izilwanyana ezininzi kakhulu amalungiselelo Isingqi iintlobo ezi ezanyisayo yakhe omele umntu.

Ngoko ke, ukuba ubukumkani isilwanyana eziphilayo, obubonakala ngokuba yincwadi evuliweyo uhlobo heterotrophic lokutya. Abameli olu manyano yenkqubo kule zohlaza ilandelayo:

• Subkingdom kwiseli enye;
• multicellular Subkingdom.

Le yokugqibela ziquka: iziponji, coelenterates, tyaba, ngeenxa kunye annelid ziimpethu, molluscs, arthropods, kunye nezilwanyana ezanyisayo.