Ubulembu excavator: ezizodwa zobugcisa, iinkcazelo kunye nohlolo

Excavator - a Earthmovers umsebenzi elibujikele eyenzelwe ukwahlula kumhlaba uluhlu, IntshukumoName kunye ukulayisha. Umzimba omkhulu ukusebenza isixhobo esisodwa emphandeni, nto leyo lolayisho ngokushukumisa kuthelekiswa iliwa iyaphuhliswa ngoncedo kweendlela machine zokutsalwa kwimithwalo. Le excavator unokuba i "nefolokhwe" (zophuhliso zamatye ngaphezu iqonga emi), "backhoe" (kusetyenziswa ukuze kukhethwe ubunzima yodongwe ngaphantsi komhlaba nenkxaso) kunye yidragline - excavator nge "neesepha" emeleni. Uhlobo yokugqibela buyafuneka ukwenzela uphuhliso umthamo omkhulu lomhlaba, ngexesha bamhluba imisebenzi, xa ukubangwa nobunjineli yiHydraulic, ukucoca emazantsi imilambo, amachweba kunye namanye amaqumrhu yamanzi.

ukumbiwa ubulembu

Yokuqala Inqununu ubulembu ukumbiwa icebo yaphuhliswa ngenkulungwane ye-16, omnye umphengululi enkulu Renaissance - uLeonardo da Vinci. Xa isikali mveliso, olu hlobo ndlela iye yasetyenziswa ukususela 1884 eUnited States. In Russia olu hlobo koomatshini zomhlaba-lihamba yokuqala ukuvela kule minyaka yasemva kwemfazwe. Bona zasetyenziselwa kuphuhliso zezimbiwa. Ubulembu excavator, ngokungafaniyo nezinye oomatshini esahlula iliwa ukusuka uluhlu ngenxa kumphezulu umzobo emphandeni, hayi impembelelo inkqubo ngamanzi okanye ngentambo-block. Ngenxa nebonelela beqwalasele ibhakethi isisitheliso intambo boom, ubulembu afumane umsebenzi wenziwe kumgama enkulu kakhulu kunye nobunzulu olukhulu mechanism imoto kunezinye iintlobo zezithuthi. Oku zombini i inzuzo kunye umahluko ophambili phakathi kolu hlobo kwezixhobo komhlaba-ihamba.

Uyilo kunye nokusebenza siseko

Ubulembu ibandakanya iinkqubo eziliqela ezisisiseko - umatshini ukuba kudala inkqubo ibambelele, ukukhula, intambo kunye emele. Ubume kwenkqubo cable luquka traction kunye nokuphakamisa iintambo, nto leyo esebenzisa ngemixokelelwane zincamathele ukhamba. Imvelaphi efunekayo ukuhambisa umzimba usebenza moya nkqo, kwaye eyesibini kuqinisa emele kumatshini, apho nokuthenwa kwenzeka Iliwa kunye nomhlaba iyalayisha. Emva koko ubulembu excavator kwaye ngaxeshanye alitsale okukunyusa no ibambelele iintambo, ngenxa leyo kwandisa umgama phakathi iyunithi tilting kunye nokudibana yokudibanisa i tensioned ekubhobhozeni ngentambo. Ngenxa yoko, enyeleni ngaphambili emele uphakanyiselwa phezulu, nto leyo ethintela emhlabeni ukulala acofiweyo.

Emva kokuya ubunzima umhlaba kuloo ndawo ukothula namandla phezu ibambelele kunye intambo bayitwabulula iseyilana kabukhali zancitshiswa, ngokwenjenjalo buthathaka ukuqina le ukothula cable - emele ulahlekelwa ukulingana, ujikele, kukho lokuthumela engxondorheni.

Iimpawu yokusebenza

Nokubanzulu ibhakede emhlabeni kwenzeka kuphela phantsi ubunzima bayo. Ngoko ke, ukuba ukunika amandla ukumba ophezulu, amatye kufuneka kakuhle evakalala. Ngoko ke, umhlaba exineneyo kolwalwa, nto leyo icetyelwe ukuphuhlisa, esebenzisa yidragline excavator, ngaphambili yakhululeka nesinqumka disintegrating okanye imisebenzi uqhushumbiso.

Ngexesha ukusebenza kunye ibambelele, yaye iintsontelo ngasemoyeni kufuneka ukuba kwempixano rhoqo, kuyimfuneko ukuphepha ukudlulela. Ukuphakamisa usehlisa boom nako ukuthatha indawo ngomsebenzi indlela cable le. Ngoko ke, xa sisebenza kunye zamatye nzima yaye ashinyeneyo primer wamisa emele ezincinane, ukuze ukuba ingagqithi kangangoko.

Ubuhle lobubi

Ngokungafaniyo excavator yesiqhelo amandla idriving generated apho yi kwinkqubo ngamanzi okanye ngentambo-block, kwaye emele ke ubeka idityaniswe boom, umzimba ubulembu ukusebenza ukhululekile ukuba xa kuthelekiswa kumatshini engundoqo. Oku kukuvumela ukuba zinokuwehlisa ukuya kubunzulu enkulu (izihlandlo eziliqela ngaphezu bekwazi ukuthenga imifuziselo eziqhelekileyo).

Ngenxa ekukhanyeni kunye nophuhliso esitsholo elide ukumbiwa yidragline umhlaba unako kuqhutyelwa sikude kakhulu ukusuka kwindawo ukuma. Oku kwandisa intsebenzo olu hlobo izixhobo kunciphisa iindleko zemveliso ye eyombiweyo. Ngaphezu koko, nigweba yi-ncomo, indlela elula elide ulawulo emele kunciphisa iindleko ezinxulumene isiqulatho yangoku sobugcisa.

Bendlela-ubulembu ibhakede excavator ngenxa yokuba waye wamiswa bhetyebhetye. Ngenxa okuchaneka yayo nokuphungulwa ukumba kunye ukothula. Ngenxa yoko, amatye mpahla ayisondeze nzima ngqo. Amaninzi emhlabeni kugadwe senziwe incakuba - apho wafudukela kwindawo yokulahla. Ngoko ke, uphuhliso lomhlaba uluhlu kungekho naziphi na izixhobo ezongezelelweyo ezikhethekileyo - ukumbiwa eqhelekileyo, bayifakwa - akunakwenzeka.

features technical

Ukuze izixhobo ekuthiwa yidragline excavator wabonisa Eyona engcono ukwenzeka, yokwemba, kufuneka ibekwe ngqo phambi matshini. Hambisa i-emele ukuya ezantsi indlela pendulum kungathatha indawo - an umqhubi onamava, zooswingi izixhobo zokusebenza nga "ulilahle" phezu kumgama ngaphezu ngokuvumela boom.

Kuxhomekeka imodeli le hlobo kwezixhobo komhlaba-uhambisa, intsebenzo umatshini luya kuba kolundi zilandelayo:

• ubude boom - ukusuka neemitha ezili-15 ukuya ku-100;
• Kuhlale main emele - ukususela 6.3 m ukuya 168 ^s;
• Ubuninzi ukumba radius - 15.3 m okanye ngaphezulu;
• Pressure Ground - 0,06-0,255 MPA.

Focus-ubulembu excavator - okugqithileyo kwabasebenzi. Ubunzima koomatshini akhanya ku amaxesha izixhobo ezimbalwa ezikhethekileyo ngaphezulu kunye nenkqubo ngamanzi okanye ngentambo-block. Oku sinqande kakhulu isicelo sabo.

enkulu isicelo

Ukuphonononga bathi ukumbiwa ubulembu adla ngokusetyenziswa kwiindawo ukwakhiwa ngomlinganiselo omkhulu kunobukhulu lomhlaba. ngenkuthalo zisetyenziswa ngexesha nokukhulula imisebenzi, kwakunye njengase migodini kunye nokudalwa radius enkulu kunye nobunzulu kuloo mihadi. Ubulembu kunye ukhamba tubing isetyenziselwa nezokukhupha zeengxondorha ukusuka ezantsi imizimba yamanzi, nangenxa ukucocwa imilambo, amachibi okanye ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo hydraulic. Kananjalo esisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi imisebenzi ukubangwa. Kwiindawo ezisezidolophini ezifana ukwemba esebenza kunqabile kakhulu.

Uhlobo excavator Drive

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje isetyenziswa kakhulu draglines. Bona zisiwe kwindawo umsebenzi iindawo, apho kukho indibano yabo elandelayo. Loo umatshini kakhulu ixesha phezu komhlaba tyaba. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, aye esitsha umqhubi, ekuthiwa yidragline excavator lihlisa izihlangu ezizodwa, apho ziyifumanisa ubunzima kwaye baphakamise umatshini.

Emva koko, inkxaso isigaba isusiwe, yaye ubuchule kwakhona, "uhlala" kuyo. Shoes zifakwa kwindawo entsha, kwaye yonke le nkqubo iphindiwe. Njengomgaqo, abembi ehamba kufuneka ubunzima enkulu, nto leyo abakwazi ukumelana ohambisa ezinqunquthayo. Qha okanye pneumowheel ubulembu ukumbiwa ngoku phantse ziphinde zenzeke. Kaninzi iimoto ezincinci kwimveliso ephantsi, nto leyo esisizathu sokuba ukusebenzisa zabo kwiziza zokwakha akunakwenzeka. Phantse bonke abameli olu hlobo bayacalulwa yi injini kubunzulu baphantsi komhlaba kunye ngentambo-block.

abenzi Global

"Uralmash" - inkampani zobunjineli yasekhaya ukumbiwa zabo ubulembu inzuzo kwindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi. iimpawu Technical le mizekelo ngazo uluhlu olubanzi, sivumele kumntu ngamnye ukuba akhethe imoto ngokweemfuno zakho. Xa nokubuyekezwa, le yenye yezona abameli stepper inokuthenjwa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo.

Bakhuphisane neenkampani zasekhaya yinkampani Japanese eyayinamacandelo ahlukeneyo elikhuthaza imarike imodeli zilandelwa zehlabathi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, akukho ndlela lula ngakumbi, esetyenziswa kuphuhliso umhlaba kwimiboniso ezincinane kakhulu.