Tuberculosis Miliary: iifomu, uphethwe, iimpawu, unyango

tuberculosis Miliary - kuba yimeko kakhulu elidla kubhidaniswe yicesina. Izifo kuchaphazela iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo nezibilini osesibindini kunye nesiphelo ukukhanya. Olu hlobo TB banesifo kwinani elincinane labantu.

Inkcazelo sifo

tuberculosis Miliary - ifomu zale sifo, luphawulwa yimbonakalo nezilonda kumalungu eziliqela. Bekela bucala isigaba acute kunye okondeleyo ezimbi kwemali. Le yamva ithathwa kuyingozi kakhulu. Le fom etsolo ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka kwisiqalo losulelo kunye yokumpompoza kwegazi kwamagciwane. Njengokuba isifo siqhubeka, ukuba ukungena bonke inombolo enkulu amalungu, kusulela kubo. Ngokuchasene imvelaphi losulelo enabileyo kwinkqubela-inwebu ingqondo kwabuchaphazela.

Iarhente causative engundoqo sifo zithathwa sisifo sephepha Mycobacterium, leyo ikhokelela ekubeni buthathaka zokuzikhusela zomzimba ukungena kuwo umzimba kukuninzi. Kamva, zisasazwe kunye ithombo legazi layo.

Ngokutsho kweengcali, xa amadoda amathathu nesifo sephepha, kukho enye kuphela nomfazi unesifo efanayo. Eyona sivame ukuxilongwa kwi ngezifo kwabantu besini ngokomelela, ubudala ukusukela kwiminyaka engama-20 ukuya kuma-40 ubudala.

tuberculosis Miliary kugqalwa ngokwentlalo sacaciswa kubo izifo, njengoko ukwanda yayo phakathi iimeko zokuphila opredeleyaetsya labemi. Epidemic inkathazo kungenxa nokuphuma yemfuduko esebenzayo, ekwindla amathuba ezoqoqosho, ukwandisa inani labantu maladjusted ekuhlaleni.

Ezibangela isifo

iintsholongwane ze-TB babonwa iintsholongwane ze-Mycobacterium uhlobo. iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe-70 kubo bonke apho. Bona eziqhelekileyo amanzi, umhlaba, umoya, izilwanyana. Kuba abantu abamele i nengozi iintlobo nje ezimbalwa, izazinzulu ngokuqhelekileyo ezidityanisiweyo kwi entsonkothileyo uM isifo sephepha. Ukusasazwa iintsholongwane yayintsholongwane eyosulela kwenzeka enye ngeendlela ezintathu: ukusuka mthombo uphambili ukusulelwa sephepha nakujoliso olutsha endala okanye ngenxa imisebenzi zoqhaqho emzimbeni, sifo sele abachaphazelekayo.

Ingozi enkulu yokuba esi sifo zibandakanya abantwana angakhange zagonywa ngendlela ngexesha, abantu immunodeficiency okanye ukuthatha amayeza ixesha elide ukucinezela umsebenzi ngokugqithisileyo zokuzikhusela zomzimba.

Ntoni le miqondiso ukunceda ukwahlula isifo sephepha miliary?

Iimpawu zesi sifo asingabo ezithile, baxhomekeke kwasendaweni le sisilonda. iimpawu ezifanayo zidla ezikhala izigulane ziquka oku kulandelayo:

• Ubuthathaka emzimbeni.
• Fever.
• Ukunyuka kwamaqondo.
• ukunxila kuthiwa.
• umzimba.
• Ukuphefumla iingxaki.
• Cyanosis kwesikhumba.
• ukubila kakhulu ebusuku.
• ukukhohlela Dry.

Isifo angenzeka etsolo, ezinganyangekiyo okanye bukhali. Ngamnye kubo uneempawu zawo.

Le fom ezingapheliyo lwenzeka ngamaza. Oku kuthetha ukuba esi sigaba etsolo athathelwa indawo Uxolelo. Izigulane bafune uncedo lonyango kunye nezikhalazo yokukhubazeka, ngesiquphe ukwehla kobunzima, ukudinwa. Kwezinye iimeko, kukho hemoptysis.

Acute tuberculosis miliary ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka ekwimo kakhulu, kwaye iimpawu zayo iyohluka, ngokuxhomekeke kwasendaweni of komtshiso oko. Kwezinye izigulane, oogqirha inothi wavakalisa insufficiency yemiphunga ngokuchasene nentsukaphi ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kunye ukunxila syndrome. Ukukhanya ngokuqhelekileyo kuchaphazela lonke komhlaba. Ukuba irhashalala kuvandlakanywa kuphela kwimimandla subclavian, sithetha ekuthiwa isifo sephepha limited miliary. Olu hlobo sifo nazimpawu, maxa wambi esisigxina fever ephantsi-grade kunye ukukhohlela elomileyo.

Ifom zale sifo ebizwa nokudumba tuberculous. Oku azakubalulwa a current olukhawulezayo. iiveki ngokoqobo ngaphakathi 2-3 emva ukubonakala iimpawu eziphambili kunokwenzeka ukufa. Esi sifo luphawulwa icesina kunye ukuqunjelwa. Izigulane ezininzi ezikhala yintloko kakhulu. Le uphawu uchazwe izilonda ezinzulu nemithambo kunye kwinkqubo equka meninges zophendlo lwezifo.

Forms tuberculosis miliary

Kuxhomekeka ukuxhaphaka iimpawu zesi sifo yahlulwe ezi fom zilandelayo:

• Miphungeni. Ngokuchasene imvelaphi kunxilwe jikelele, kukho iimpawu lokubandezeleka sokuphefumla.
• Esifo. Mlilo kwenzeka kuzo zonke iinkqubo omzimba lwangaphakathi. Olu hlobo esi sifo sizibonakalisa yi umkhuhlane kunye ukubonakala iimpawu ukunxila, ngoko oko kudla kubhidaniswe esifo.
• Meningeal. Luphawulwa ubukho nakujoliso olutsha ezosulelayo kwi meninges.

uphethwe

Kwimeko yokulahlekelwa badimala ubunzima, ukubila ebusuku, ukuziva ungenamandla kunye nelahleko wokutya kucetyiswa ukuba adibane ingcali yabucala, oko kukuthi ingcali TB okanye izifo ezosulelayo.

Uxilongo lwesifo sephepha miliary ibandakanya ezi nkqubo zilandelayo:

• A wegazi epheleleyo.
• empontshwa.
• CT ingqondo kunye nesifuba.
• Ultrasound kweenkqubo nezibilini.
• Chest X-ray.
• Echocardiography.

Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zeemvavanyo ugqirha angakwazi ukuqinisekisa okanye ukuphikisa lokufunyaniswa "sisifo sephepha miliary". Iimpawu isenza imeko yomntu, musa lubonisa i-100% nokufumaneka esi sifo. Kuphela uxilongo instrumental kunokunceda ukuseka isifo esichazayo.

Yintoni unyango efunekayo?

Unyango lwesi sifo kufuna ixesha elininzi umgudu kunye nexesha. Phantse unyaka isigulane onyanzelwayo ukuba uthathe amayeza ezininzi. Ngokuqhelekileyo emiselweyo "streptomycin", "i-isoniazid", "rifampicin", "moxifloxacin". Loo iintlobo amayeza, oogqirha bathi unefuthe ikhondo unyango lwe-arhente nganye nganye kunye kumndilili babe ukoyisa ukugula.

tuberculosis Miliary emiphungeni nayo inika nezinye iintlobo iinkqubo mandatory unyango (imithambo yokuphefumla, impilo yomzimba, ukufumana amachiza immunostimulatory). Isigulane kufuneka balandele indlela echanekileyo zomsebenzi ukuphumla, ukulandela ngokungqongqo iingcebiso zikaGqirha wakho. ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe yokudla. Kufuneka indidi iimveliso zobisi.

Ukuba isigulane uhlala nabantwana abancinane, ngokuqhelekileyo bancome isibhedlele yethutyana kwiiveki 3-4.

unyango ngotyando

Izigulane ezininzi nesi sifo ukumisela utyando, nto leyo ibandakanya resection kwemiphunga. Resection kuyacetyiswa xa izakhiwo kukuqulungana bronchi, izigulane hemoptysis.

Mhlawumbi ukusetyenziswa kwezinye iindlela zonyango, kuquka umlinganiswa zidityanisiwe. Kwiimeko kuyingozi kakhulu ngokuqhelekileyo bacebisa ukususwa kwemiphunga okanye umzimba wonke, ahlawuliswe pneumothorax ngumntu, kwakunye kutsalwe ndawo ibinomthwebeba.

Outlook

Kakade ke, unyango lwesifo sephepha miliary kunye ichemotherapy kulinyathelo elibalulekileyo ekulweni nezifo. Ngaphambi kokuba baqalise ukusebenzisa ngenkuthalo arhente antituberculosis, kwanokufa izigulane nalo uthole phantse 100%. Ngexesha abanolwazi namhlanje unyango yenza kube lula ukunciphisa la manani kwi-10%. I ngaphambili baqala unyango loxilongo kunye olufanelekileyo, kokukhona okuba a abane kakuhle. Uninzi yokufa kwesi sifo ibhalwe kwiiveki zokuqala ezimbalwa ekufumaneni izigulane kwindawo yonyango. Iingcali bathi a manani ebuhlungu isiqalo kade unyango.

Ukuba nokwenzeka Ukuphinda-4% kuphela. Ukuba isigulane lulandela yonke imiyalelo kagqirha ngokungqongqo uthabathe imithi, amathuba kwakhona losuleleko-ukuba ngokubonakalayo lincitshiswe.

iingxaki sifo

Xa engekho unyango ngexesha basenokuba iingxaki zilandelayo: ukuyilwa nemingxuma ezininzi emiphungeni, ukusasazwa bronchogenic, caseous inyumoniya.

amanyathelo othintelo

tuberculosis Miliary ngokuqhelekileyo olufunyanwa maleko ezithile zentlalo (izinto ubuso nemivuzo ephantsi, njalo abasebenzi. D.). Amadoda amaxesha abagulayo eziliqela rhoqo ngokunzima ngaphezu abafazi. Olusemngciphekweni abantu abaphakathi kweminyaka eli-20 ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka emalunga 39.

Uthintelo esi sifo kakhulu ibandakanya ukupheliswa ngokupheleleyo ukunxibelelana nabantu uneempawu yesifo semiphunga. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukutya echanekileyo olwamkelweyo ukwandisa nezifo. Oogqirha bancome ukuqaqadeka ngomlinganiselo.

isifo sephepha Miliary ingathintelwa ngokunciphisa ifuthe ezinokuphembelela kakubi ezichaphazela nezifo. Ezi ziquka sesichengeni rhoqo ebandayo, ukungazilolongi, ngokuzila, ukusebenza kwiimeko ezinzima.

NguRhulumente kufuneka amanyathelo anti-Ubhubhane kwiingingqi ezihlelelekileyo wenziwe. Ngaphezu koko, le mali iza kusetyenziselwa yonyango izigulane uxilongo. Ukuba ummandla kukho ingozi ephezulu sifo sephepha, xa isicelo ngabantu umsebenzi kufuneka bangenele axilongwe.

isiphelo

Kweli nqaku, siye saxubusha yintoni eyenza isifo, ezifana nesifo sephepha miliary. Photo kwezigulane nalo Uxilongo inokufumaneka iincwadi reference zonyango ezikhethekileyo. Isifo unesifo njalo namhlanje, kwaye amatyala zokufa zibhalwe ngaphantsi. Oogqirha zilumkisa ukuba ubhaqo kwangethuba sifo ukunciphisa amathuba ezinobuzaza, eziquka ukufa.