The Republic of Kazakhstan: mimandla kunye neempawu zazo

The Republic of Kazakhstan - enye ethembisayo asakhulayo amazwe Central Asia. Oku ise intliziyo kwilizwekazi kwaye yeyona inkulu 9 ehlabathini yi ndawo. Le likarhulumente ubutyebi bembali, ubume entle, inkcubeko umdla kunye nezibonelelo pholisa zendalo. Uluhlu kwimimandla Kazakhstan kunye inkcazo ngamnye kubo zinokufundwa kamva kweli nqaku.

Imimandla ye Kazakhstan (ngokufutshane)

Eli lizwe iqulathe kwimimandla-5, nganye yahlukile indlela yalo.

1. West - kwindawo enkulu kweli lizwe. Oku kuquka iindawo ezine. Bebonke - ngaphezulu kwezigidi 2.1 zabantu. Xa ndawo, kummandla kuthatha indawo phantse 730 macala onke. M. km.
2. North - ummandla omkhulu kwezoqoqosho. Ulikhaya kabini njengoko abantu abaninzi ngaphezu kwi West (malunga 4.4 yezigidi zabantu.). Le nkqubo ibandakanya iinkalo ezine. Ummandla ngingqi - ngaphezulu kwe-565 lamawaka macala M.. km.
3. South - ummandla kunye nezolimo eziphuhlileyo kunye noshishino. Xa indawo, kuba isuntswana elingezantsi West (712 amawaka. Macala onke. Km.). Kodwa ke ngokwalo labemi, ummandla kuthatha indawo yokuqala - abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi 6.3. Le nkqubo ibandakanya iinkalo ezine.
4. East - ummandla ezibandakanya oosombali domain omnye. Lufikelela kuyo kommandla 380 lamawaka macala onke. M. km. Kuyinto ekhaya kubantu abamalunga nezigidi 2.7.
5. Central - ubuncwane kwezimbiwa. Oku iqulathe kuphela kwindawo enye, nto leyo ibekwe kwindawo kancinane ngaphantsi kwe-320 macala onke. M. km elinabemi labantu abamalunga nezigidi-2.

ngasentla Kazakhstan

Yahlulelwe kwii ariya 4: Kostanai, North Kazakhstan, Pavlodar, kumda ne-Russia ngasentla, kunye Akmola, apho ikomkhulu kwiriphabliki - Astana. Yena - enkulu kule ngingqi. Sesona sixeko sikhulu usembindini Kostanay, North Kazakhstan, Pavlodar kunye oblasts Akmola - Kostanai, Petropavlovsk, Pavlodar kunye Kokshetau, ngokulandelelana kwazo.

North Kazakhstan ayikwazi kubizwa ngokuba eliphezulu lamanzi, kwakunye kwelizwe liphela. Apha ihamba 3 ezinkulu imilambo Irtysh, Tobol kunye Ishim. Ngomhla kweenxweme yokugqibela likomkhulu. A indawo encinane embindini mmandla kuhlala amahlathi pine neenduli. Noko ke, le ndawo ingundoqo kuhlala emathafeni flat: Kazakh Uplands, West Siberian Plain kunye Turgai ithafa.

Northern Kazakhstan ubizwa ngokuba 'IZemgale lonke eli lizwe ", ngokuba ngaphezulu apha ngaphezu kwezinye iingingqi, uphuhliso kwezolimo. Kuyinto sisityebi kunye neeminerali. Apha ukuvelisa ngentsimbi nobhedu ekrwada, amalahle, igolide, webauxite, asbestos, lekalika, isanti zwi, kwaye ngaphezulu. Kwakhona kummandla phambili oomatshini, kunye nemveliso petroleum.

Kazakhstan i kakhulu kwimozulu lizwekazi kumantla njengoko kungqwabalala ngokukhethekileyo. Kodwa ke, nangona oku, ulikhaya phantse ikota yabemi belizwe, kwaye isoloko elininzi abakhenkethi abafuna ukutyelela egciniweyo Naurzum okanye iiholide Burabai kunye Bayanaul.

East Kazakhstan

Lo mmandla bubonakaliswe kummandla East Kazakhstan nemida ne-Russia ukuya emantla China ukuya ngasempuma. Esi sixeko sikhulu - iziko lommandla Ust-Kamenogorsk kunye nesixeko Semey.

Inkululeko kakhulu ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ngaphandle emazibukweni emaqeleni, ezabiwa Kalba Ridge Saur-Tarbagatai kunye zeAltai Iintaba. Nantsi i Belukha - intaba iphezulu besekhaya. Ungafumana kwakhona & nbsp emakriweni eneentaba, amahlathi kunye hlathi.

Kulo mmandla ukuba kuqwalasele 40% kwemithombo yamanzi kweli lizwe. Umfula omkhulu kunayo lo mmandla Irtysh, leyo ngeposi Bukhtarma, Ulbinskaya Shulbinskaya kunye namandla kagesi. Noko ke, le nto kummandla kuphela kwemithambo. Ukongeza Irtysh, kubekho ezimbalwa imilambo emikhulu Ulba, Bukhtarma, Char, Kurchum, Narym, Uba. Kwakhona, kule ngingqi kukho imizimba omkhulu wamanzi ezifana Zaisan, Markakol, Alakol kunye Sasykkol. Iyonke 1200 kummandla imilambo namachibi 18 ezinkulu.

East Kazakhstan - kowona mmandla woshishino lizwe. Stocks welothe, igolide, nesilivere, zinc, ikopolo, titanium, nemagnesium, kunye nezinye zesinyithi abaninzi lingana ico. Olu phawu of kwilizwe elifana Kazakhstan. Imimandla kwamanye amazwe liyi uphuhliso olomeleleyo loo ishishini lemigodi. Isebenzisa ngaphezulu kwe-1000 amashishini processing. Empumalanga, ephuhliswe kakuhle ezolimo, kunye nobusi Altay eveliswe kummandla East Kazakhstan, kucingelwa ukuba yenye the best ehlabathini.

West Kazakhstan

Lo mmandla ibekwe Central Asia neMpuma Yurophu, njengoko apha ecaleni phambene Mountains kunye nonxweme loLwandle lweCaspian lowo umda phakathi iinxalenye ezimbini zehlabathi - Asia naseYurophu. Oku kwahlukile Western Kazakhstan. Imimandla apho yakhiwa: Aktobe, West Kazakhstan, Mangistau kunye Atyrau. In emantla-ntshona ngayo ngomda ne-Russia, nakwelasezantsi - kunye Turkmenistan kunye Uzbekistan. Izixeko inkulu (amaziko olawulo): Atyrau (Atyrau oblast.), Aktobe (kummandla Aktobe.), Aktau (kummandla Mangistau.) Yaye Uralsk (kummandla West Kazakhstan.).

Entshonalanga, lo mmandla erhangqwe eli chibi likhulu ehlabathini - uLwandle lweCaspian kunye empuma - yoLwandle Aral. Ukongeza, kubekho imilambo emikhulu efana njengoko Urals, iVolga, Emba. Ngokwemiqathango mmandla isiqabu zimelwe emaqeleni tyaba, njengoko ukwakweli East European Plain. North lweCaspian Sea ezingqonge i lweCaspian nelezihlambo, kunxweme kwimpuma siqithi, kukho 2: Mangyshlak kunye Buzachi, leyo iyabuna kungena Ustyurt ithafa.

Kwiindawo Littoral, isimo sezulu onomoya kwi engundoqo kwintsimi enye bale ngingqi - nto kabukhali yezwekazi. Ukuxinana labantu liphantsi kakhulu ngaphezu kwezinye iindawo - abemi 3.4 kuphela / km². Lo mmandla Kazakh abathetha alo ilizwe: abantu bomthonyama apha ¾ yabemi.

Western Kazakhstan - kwindawo enkulu igesi kunye neoli ezivelisa kweli lizwe. Nazi ezinye i oyile negesi amasimi ezinkulu: Tengiz, Karachaganak kunye Kashagan. Ukongeza, intsimi yenziwe kakuhle kushishino lokuloba yelizwe Kazakhstan. Imimandla kwezinye iindawo kuzichaza kangaka kakuhle kolu shishino.

Central Kazakhstan

Lo mmandla bubonakaliswe enye enkulu kummandla lizwe - Karaganda, ikomkhulu yayo yolawulo kwisixeko Karaganda.

Inkululeko kakhulu ezahlukeneyo: emantla - Kazakh Uplands, kwi-mpuma - Lake Balkhash, nakwelasezantsi - emaqeleni and semi-iintlango, iintaba oorhec - Karkaraly, Kent, Ku, Ulytau. Le yi ariya ephantsi-kwamanzi. Imozulu lomile kakhulu.

Central Kazakhstan okanye zo-Arka, njengoko babiza abemi bommandla - eyaziwa ngokuba imigodi yamalahle. Nantsi yenye iidiphozithi ezinkulu - i Karaganda amalahle isitya. Kwakhona kummandla phambili oomatshini, ekufuyeni kunye yokunyibilikisa isinyithi.

South Kazakhstan

Yeyona ndawo kunezizwana eli lizwe. Bufana imida kunye Uzbekistan kunye Kyrgyzstan ukuya ngasezantsi, China ukuya ngasempuma. Le nto ndiyibhalayo asendle: Zhambyl, South Kazakhstan, Kyzylorda kunye Almaty. Nantsi ziko likhulu ku Kazakhstan - Almaty. Kwakhona ezidolophini ezinkulu ziquka Shymkent, Taldykorgan, Taraz kunye Kyzylorda. In Kyzylorda oblast lowo umzi wokuqala inkulu ehlabathini cosmodrome Baikonur.

kwemithombo yamanzi edyokhweni eziku - ikakhulu kanzulu emzantsi. Kukho Zhetysu - Valley of the Seven Rivers, okanye Imilambo ezisixhenxe. Ukongeza, ezantsi Lake Issyk-Kul, kunye ezintabeni Jungar Alatau kunye neepaki ezininzi zesizwe, njenge Aksu-Zhabagly. Kwi nomda China kunye Kyrgyzstan yi Khan Tengri Peak - omnye iincopho aphezulu i-Tien shan. Kuyinto le ezinika umdla abakhenkethi Kazakhstan.

Kwimimandla le nxalenye lizwe, ibekwe ngasentla, kwindawo enkulu yenziwa koozintlango emaqeleni, kumazantsi yelizwe ochumileyo, ngoko kukho ezolimo ephuhliswe kakuhle. Uphuhliso yezolimo nayo inegalelo imozulu zamva kakhulu kwezinye iisayithi.