Serafimovich Aleksandr Serafimovich: biography, ubuchule

Serafimovich Aleksandr Serafimovich - ummeli uncwadi ekuthiwa uyazazi. Nobuchule lo mbhali ezingoonombini kunye umsebenzi Maksima Gorkogo. amabali akhe okuqala baphenjelelwa iintshukumo olululo Kwisiqingatha sesibini kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba. Kwaye wonke umsebenzi wakhe, waza wahlala enyanisekile iimbono zakhe neenkolelo. Yintoni na uluvo oluphambili umsebenzi wadala Alexander Serafimovich? Yintoni ixabiso indalo yakhe zoncwadi?

ulutsha

Igama kwenene umbhali, ekuthethwe ngayo kweli nqaku - Popov. Kodwa umsebenzi, wasebenzisa mbumbulu Serafimovich. Uphuhliso iimbono zakhe yoncwadi kwenzeka kwixesha elinzima kwimbali weRashiya. kubomi beli lizwe kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba luphawulwa intshukumo esebenzayo yotshintsho olululo. Ngokukodwa, ezi mazwi ezabonakala phakathi abaselula - oko kukuthi, abafundi.

weza Serafimovich Aleksandr Serafimovich kwintsapho Cossack. Esengumntwana, kunye nabazali bakhe wachitha iminyaka embalwa ePoland. Kodwa xa intsapho babuyela kumakhaya abo, umbhali elizayo wafumana imfundo yamabanga aphakamileyo waza wabhalisa e St. Petersburg University kwi Physics and Mathematics Faculty. Apha Alexander Serafimovich Wabonakala kuluntu umfundi apho iingcamango olululo kuzuze amandla. imfundiso ngokweMarxist kweso wathimba unyana Don Cossacks. Kodwa ulwazi senkolelo ayiphelelanga umfundi. Kungekudala wabetha umhlobo kunye abaphezulu umzalwana uLenin kaThixo Aleksandrom Ulyanovym. Kwaye ukubandakanyeka kokubulawa kukumkani, wabanjwa kwaye wagxothelwa kwiphondo Arkhangelsk. Ubomi ezi iindawo zibe nempembelelo tsotsololo yonke lomsebenzi zombhali.

Iingcamango ezingundoqo imisebenzi

Ubomi esebenzayo ekuhlaleni, nto leyo lwenziwa yi Alexander Serafimovich kwiminyaka yakhe umfundi, wabeka isiseko umsebenzi wakhe wokubhala. Abantu baba mxholo kwimisebenzi yakhe. Kakade ke, iingcamango bakhe zijonge abangabaxhasi bakaMarx kunye nezimvo zentlalo-lwentando yesininzi.

kuye kube nzima kakhulu ubomi babantu eziqhelekileyo ekupheleni kwenkulungwane. Abaxhasi ingcamango imfuneko yazibandakanya d'AFP babekholelwa ukuba ivela bonke ububi iziseko ulawulo tsarist. Iingcinga ngendlela yokuphucula ubomi babasebenzi eRashiya, ngakumbi kuhlala umbhali yavelisa amagqabi. Izinto for ekuqaleni isebenza Serafimovicha abe ubomi babantu abaqhelekileyo abasebenzayo. Kwaye sele ekuqalekeni umsebenzi wakhe malunga iincwadi zakhe ukuyithanda kakhulu ababhali ezifana Vladimir Korolenko, Uspensky.

Imisebenzi yokuqala

Ekupheleni koo-, mxholo ngemisebenzi Serafimovich yaba ubomi zabasebenzi. Emigodini kunye nabasebenzi kaloliwe, nokuphalazeka kwelifu eziko, kunye nabalimi Amaqhawe zeencwadi zakhe. Xa imisebenzi yakhe, Alexander Serafimovich wafuna ukubonisa ubomi babo nje kuphela, kodwa ihlabathi embilwini. Umbhali yokuqala kazi yintoni na abacinga ngayo abasebenzi zesiqhelo.

Kodwa ke inkalo ethile lweembono boncwadi Serafimovicha inkolelo yokuba umsebenzi onzima kangako ivili umntu wenyama njengoko ningambulali umsebenzi karhulumente. Wathi, akubona ukuba nje oonobangela nzima, kodwa imiphumo yaso. Xa imisebenzi okuqala inkolelo langoku le zombhali kumandla abantu. Akazange acinge ukuba ukungakhathali efanayo lecebo abasebenzi nakwizibetho zabo. Umzekelo, kwi "sakwaloliwe" Serafimovich zazibonisa ziphakamiso yokuqala loqhankqalazo abawafumana, ibiya kubonakala, phakathi maleko zentlalo kakhulu umva.

Outlook yombhali ekugqibeleni yenzeka ngoxa ekuthinjweni. Kwaba apho azibona ubomi zomsebenzi ngabantu abaqhelekileyo kwaye igweba.

in ekuthinjweni

Kwi ezinzima osemantla Alexander Popov, ogama engobomi emise yi ziganeko zembali nezentlalo eRashiya, ukuze bazane omnye wabasebenzi eliphezulu. Unobangela emva onamava le ndoda ngayo Idabi, kunye result ukuba elubhacweni. iimbono zobuhle kunye nentshukumo loncwadi ngokuyintloko iphenjelelwa kukunxulumana nabantu abanjalo.

Alexander Popov, ogama biography wathabathela ekupheleni esibhakabhakeni Don, ebhekisele ukufunda isiphelo abantu abaqhelekileyo abahlala North. Apha uvula, kwihlabathi elitsha engaziwayo. Umbhali bamphulaphula ngomdla amabali abantu balapho. Pomors baxhase iintsapho zabo ngeendleko amacandelo okuloba. kwaba nzima kwaye kuyingozi umsebenzi wabo. Ngokuqhelekileyo abantu baye yafa elwandle. Kudla wabuyela ekhaya elambatha. Ukuba ukuloba kuphumelele, yinxalenye enomtsalane ilandelwe ukunika abalimi abazizityebi, akuphiwa Gear babengabalobi.

Landscape ngemisebenzi Serafimovicha

Umbhali ubhidwe ekwisimo esihle kodwa ngqwabalala emantla. inkcazo landscape ivelela umsebenzi wakhe. Lo msebenzisi ifumaneka kweli bali "Ngomhla ngumkhenkce." Kulo msebenzi wachaza uhlobo bokuhlala wasentla, nobomi. Kodwa akazange ayilibale umhlaba ongenamanzi lokuzalwa. Bona akukho ngaphantsi kakuhle kubonakala amabali kamva.

Inkcazelo semvelo kumsebenzi "kwi umkhenkce" inophawu yokomfuziselo. Ibhalwe njenge ukufana phakathi kubanda ezisemantla, ice komhlaba, mihla ukubanda nobomi balapho. Umfanekiso semvelo inceda umfundi ukuba i ngokuba mhlophe, iimeko ezinzima apho abasebenzi. Ngokuchasene uhlobo yomntu awubi njengokuba sachasa ingcinezelo lwentlalo. Serafimovich - umbhali, endihleli isebenza ingcamango engundoqo ukungalingani. Ibali "Kwi ngumkhenkce," ukuba ungumlinganiswa onjani na icala le amabutho entlalo zakhokelela ukufa ophambili.

"Xa inyama"

Xa umsebenzi wakhe 'On ngumkhenkce, "umbhali Sweswo a amahlwempu Soroka ngenqindi. In "On njengezihlenga" unontlalontle idrama lunikezelwa ngendlela entsonkothileyo kakhulu. Ophambili kulo msebenzi - raftsman Kuzma. Nguye yedwa imali esisesabo isonka. Yonke imihla usengozini iimeko obungathethekiyo, kodwa umsebenzi wakhe ayiphumelelanga. Kuluntu apho kudla iziphumo zomsebenzi abanye abantu, nabunye kwezentlalo yintlekele.

"Xa enyameni 'kwaye' Kwi qhwa" - amabali apho Serafimovich waqalisa uthotho yakhe imisebenzi enikelwe ukungalingani kwezentlalo. Kamva, le uhlobo eziphambili umsebenzi wakhe sincoko. "Iyintlango Snow" kukuthi, mhlawumbi, umlamleli i phakathi kwezi ntlobo zoncwadi. Le ngxelo kulo Seraphimovich msebenzi kukhokelela kumntu wokuqala. Ukususela amaphepha yokuqala, umfundi ufumana kucingwa ukuba uchaza amava zombhali ngokwakhe. Inxalenye, oko. Umbalisi kuboniswe kulo msebenzi, iimvakalelo kunye neengcinga ukuba batyelela kuye kwiintsuku zokuqala bahlalise North.

emva links

Kwingingqi Arkhangelsk, Alexander Serafimovich (Popov) wachitha ngaphezu nje konyaka. Emva ekuthinjweni, wazinza kwilali Ust-Medveditskaya, nto leyo rhoqo waba phantsi esweni yamapolisa. Ngaphandle koku, kwaba apha umsebenzi esebenzayo zoncwadi kunye noluntu. Kwisangqa, leyo umbutho, sayilelwa ukuba baxoxe iziganeko ezibalulekileyo yenkcubeko. Noko ke, ukususela kwimihla yakudala lombutho kwamalungu ayo ngengcwangu kuphikiswana izihloko ezopolitiko.

Kumazwe lwabo lweenkobe Seraphimovich ngokukhawuleza wafumana abalandeli. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, inxalenye ebalulekileyo kwimisebenzi yayo yaba nokuhanjiswa okungekho mthethweni uncwadi abangabaxhasi bakaMarx. Kwaye kweli xesha umsebenzi umbhali kwakukho amkunyela.

feature lokwenza

iincwadi yiSoviet kwibakala okuqala amelwe inani ababhali yotshintsho olululo. Name Alexander Serafimovich ime phakathi kwabo. Lo mbhali ngexesha wokuzalwa ngurhulumente omtsha waba umbhali oqolileyo ngokupheleleyo ne isikhundla ekuhlaleni lusekiwe namandla. Akazange ziqhelane entsha umyalelo yoluntu. Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini, yena inxaxheba waqalisa ukubhala malunga nobomi mgodi IDonetsk kunye nabasebenzi mveliso. Xa umsebenzi wakhe ikhulela uluvo oluzimeleyo wegcisa ezimeleyo. uncwadi yiSoviet kule minyaka yasemva kwemfazwe iquka ethile ababhali, ezidla uhlobo umbono ebomini. Xa imisebenzi Alexander Serafimovich langoku Ibinzana lantlandlolo zoncwadi. Lo mbhali waba hlobo ubomi yeklasi uphando ukusebenza. Serafimovicha ingqondo kule ndlela, unique.

"Wisa"

amabali Early Serafimovicha igcwele ngokoqobo. Ezi imisebenzi enikelwe ubomi abemi North. Okuchithwa ekhona kule amabali Shakhtar IDonetsk. romanticism Revolutionary wafika kamva. Umzekelo, kwi "Le Lahla" na ifilimu langoku, zokuthetha, nenkolelo umbhali ukuba abantu abaqhelekileyo ungagcina esivumelana kunye nomsebenzi ejoliswe ekufezekiseni iinjongo yotshintsho olululo.

Olube kulo msebenzi ilula. Kukho ilitye elikhulu, yaye omnye ithontsi elinye akakwazi siyonakalise. Owayo phezu liliwa eliligwiba afe ngoko nangoko. Ke amakhulu amawaka amathontsi kusichukumisa kungena emngxunyeni eweni.

Eli bali uwahlule ube zahlulo zithathu. Ngamnye kubo - intshukumo revolution ukuba kwenzeka iminyaka eyahlukeneyo. I lokuqala yatshatyalaliswa. Owesibini wanika ezinye iziqhamo. Umbhali ithemba, intshukumo wesithathu yotshintsho olululo. Ukuba unako, ngokwembono yakhe, ukuze ndibutshitshise inqaba wolawulo tsarist.

e Moscow

iingcamango Romantic anokufumaneka imisebenzi Gorky Serafimovicha style efanayo zoncwadi. Kwaye kunjalo, mhlawumbi, emva kokuba sifudukele eMoscow umbhali Don loLawulo- ngokukhawuleza umbhali omkhulu uyazazi. Ke Serafimovicha and Gorky babe nokholo kumandla akhethekileyo woMntu. umzabalazo ukhutheleyo umsebenzi olula, nangona iinkulungwane lobukhoboka nga oko kukhokelela kuloyiso lokugqibela zabasebenzi.

Kamva Mxim Gorky kudala ukupapasha "Ulwazi", nto leyo ngokuyintloko nomtsalane Serafimovicha. Iziganeko olululo 1905 zezi phezu kwamehlo, nkqu kunye negalelo ethile emaqeleni Don zomthonyama. Ngelo xesha, yena nakwimizi endlini Presnya kunye nabasebenzi uncedo kwakhiwe yenze.

emva 1905

ziganeko zembali awalibonayo Serafimovich, zibonakala emsebenzini wakhe. Xa imisebenzi yalo mbhali uye wabonakala uthando kunye nomdla. Abasebenzi uvalo ukunxila ubukho ongemhle engenanto, zasuka zathi waxa amabali yakhe amaqhawe yotshintsho olululo. It wadala yingqokelela yamabali amafutshane "Izibane Lost" kule moya.

Alexander Serafimovich umsebenzi zoncwadi eyahlulelwe ukuba ngaphezu kwesiqingatha senkulungwane. Ngexesha Second World War, waba othile imfazwe, kodwa zange wayeka ukubhala amabali amafutshane nezincoko. Isiqendwana engundoqo bali Serafimovich "Iron Stream". Kulo msebenzi, umbhali yabonisa iziganeko kwiMfazwe Civil.

memory

Alexander Serafimovich iimbasa ezininzi. Imbeko lakhe igama ezitratweni e Moscow, Kazan kunye Minsk. Kwingingqi Volgograd imbeko igama lombhali esixekweni apho imyuziyam zoncwadi lavulwa emva kokufa kwakhe. Kwidolophana Ust-Medveditskaya kwi yee- wayivula indlu-myuziyam. Kwaye Volgograd lesikhumbuzo Serafimovich.

Umbhali wafa ngowe-1949 e-eMoscow. Waza ke wangcwatywa kwi Novodevichy emangcwabeni.