Rubella: okuthatha, iimpawu, unyango, uthintelo

Rubella yaziwa bonke njengokugula yabantwana, kodwa unako bayagula, kwaye ibe omdala. Xa abadala ngezifo kwenzeka nzima kakhulu kwaye kudla kunye iingxaki. Kuyingozi ingakumbi ngexesha usulelo lokukhulelwa rubella. Ithuba elisuke ithatha malunga 3 iiveki. Le ntsholongwane na ixesha ngeli xesha ukungena umzimba ukonakala ngokukhawuleza yempilo.

ulwazi jikelele

Rubella - isifo umyalezo wegciwane labiwe iqela eyahlukileyo nosological ngo-1881. Oku kucingwa ukuba iarhente causative na le RNA genome yomenzeli ezosulelayo lentsapho Togaviridae. Kuye umsebenzi yaManzi naMahlathi, okt. E. Ngamana ukuphazamisa uphuhliso ngokupheleleyo mbungu. Virus ukumelana ukuqanda igcine ndlongondlongo kubushushu igumbi. Noko ke, ukubekwa ukukhanya yelanga, ukufudumeza okanye isicelo se-ntsholongwane nesiphumo intshabalalo yayo.

inkqubo yezifo sibonisa irhashalala kunye melkopyatnistoy catarrhal iimpawu. Besiya kuphela ngezizathu ezithile. Noko ke, kuqala inikwa ekuhlalutyeni rubella. omzimba athile aqalile kuhlanganiswa emzimbeni kwiiveki-4 emva kokosuleleka. Oku kubonisa ukuyilwa inkqubo ezinzileyo omzimba, nto leyo buthathaka ngeminyaka engama-20.

transmission indlela

Umthombo losulelo idla umntu ogulayo. arhente ezisulelayo uqala ukuya kuma kwi-bume iveki phambi ukujaduka eluswini iintsuku 5-6 ukususela kumhla okuvela pustules. Ngokwembono epidemiological, wabona uhlobo kakhulu eyingozi kwabantwana rubella bekhubazekile. Kulo mzekelo, i-arhente causative ngesi kokusingqongileyo kunye endleni okanye yokuchama.

Kukho iindlela ezininzi yokosulela:

• emoyeni;
• transplacental;
• uqhagamshelane-khaya.

Basengozini enkulu kakhulu rubella intsholongwane namakhosikazi aselekhulile okuzala. Ide iimeko zokuqala zesi sifo zirekhodwe naphi na kogonyo abaninzi zokuthintela. Okwangoku, phakathi kwexesha lokuqhambuka kwezizifo ngeenxa 83% busisigxina kumazwe post-eSoviet. Oku kungenxa yokusilela kwenkqubo nogonyo.

Ithuba okuthatha for rubella

Bafukanywe - ixesha xesha zoqhagamshelwano yentsholongwane emzimbeni phambi kokuqala ukwenza izinto kwezonyango usulelo. Kwimeko yemasisi, untsuku 10-24. Ngeli xesha le arhente ezosulelayo ixesha ukungena ngenxa inwebu kwiinwebu womqala kungena egazini, apho ukuzala esebenzayo iqala.

Kungenxa kule okuthatha of rubella ebantwaneni abatyelela imiyezo, kukho usulelo olunempilo ukusuka umntwana egulayo. Ngeli xesha, iimpawu ezithile zesi sifo azikafumaneki. Malunga neveki phambi ukujaduka eluswini isigulane uba ezosulelayo kwabanye.

Iimpawu zesi sifo kubantwana

Xa abantwana, rubella kwenzeka kunokuba lula. Amafoto abantwana sibonise ukuba nesi sifo, ukuba badlale yaye benze izinto eziqhelekileyo. Xa lokuqala nqanaba lenkqubo zophendlo lwezifo womntwana angala ukuba adle, abangenazigqibo kwaye rhoqo ukuvuka ebusuku. Oku kungenxa yokuba intsholongwane ukhupha nefuthe yityhefu kwi-arhente luvo central.

Nge phambili, kukho iimpawu embhoxo njengomkhuhlane: a ukhohlokhohlo eyomileyo, ingxinano womqala, impumlo ukuvaleka, icesina okungephi. Kanye emva kweentsuku 2-3 imeko zinokutshintsha kakhulu. Around emzimbeni umntwana livela melkopyatnistaya ukungxama ngaphandle ukurhawuzelela. amabala Pink abavuki ngaphezu komhlaba esikhumbeni. A ndawo ndiyithandayo eyendawo yabo waqonda flexor ubuso imilenze neengalo, nasemiphakathweni kunye neempundu. Lo mfanekiso kwezonyango kudla zincediswe ukwanda kwiindawo entanyeni nkovu.

Xa esi sifo ukutshintsha kunye nomfanekiso igazi. Ngokubanzi, uhlalutyo waphawula ukunyuka okuthe lymphocyte sizoku lwisana ukuwa leukocytes. Izinga neentlenge Erythrocyte, nangona kunjalo, uhlala kumqolo yesiqhelo. Kane ukwanda omzimba ezithile nezalathisi rubella ibonisa okokuqala okanye etsolo kwisigaba kwemali.

Iimpawu zenkqubo yezifo kubantu abadala

Ebudaleni, iimpawu ucaca ngakumbi. Njengoko umthetho, umzimba ngokukhawuleza kakhulu uyiphendula umthondo wentsholongwane egazini. Ukuba umntwana ubunzima cwaka rubella "ngeenyawo", abadala kufuneka alale iveki.

Phakathi izikhalazo eziphambili apho izigulane ukuya kugqirha, ungakwazi ukukhetha i lobushushu kunokubangela degrees 39, iintlungu ngokudibeneyo kunye nobuthathaka okwandayo. sigaba rubella Primary Idla kukwanda kubukhulu udakada kunye kwesibindi, ibanjiwe yi Ngokucofa. Auscultation intliziyo idla ityhila imibala yayo umsindo.

Imbonakalo photophobia kunye lacrimation. amabala rubella kamabonwakude ziyahluka utyekelo ukuxuba kunye. Kulo mzekelo, imida ecacileyo kuba akukho papules. Ludla ukuvela kwiindawo ezinkulu - ngasemva kunye ngeempundu. Ukuba lunganyangwa, isigulo isongela ezichaphazela amalungu izandla kunye kobuchopho.

Bekhubazekile rubella syndrome

Esi sifo kuyingozi kakhulu kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo. Le ntsholongwane luphawulwa ukukwazi onokuwoyisa ngayo umqobo placental kwaye kunokubangela malformations Palsy. Ingakumbi eyingozi imeko xa kufikwa zokugula I ezintathu.

Ithagethi lokuqala uba CNS. indawo yesibini fanele ukuba amalungu ebusweni nokuva, kwaye eyesithathu - intliziyo. Umntwana bekhubazekile rubella syndrome idla unesifo seswekile, lengqula kakuhle yaye yedwa. Ngelo xesha yena inaso usulelo kwaye wehlile siyasulela iminyaka 1-2.

Kumanqanaba kamva yokukhulelwa (13 iiveki) ngenene ingenzeka yeziphene ozalayo asezantsi kakhulu, kodwa ikhona. Enye isiphumo ezingentle sifo enza ifile. Umzekelo, zonke wesithathu umfazi omithiyo kwi okuthatha amatyala rubella of kwesisu ezizenzekelayo. Elinye ibhinqa 10 kuzalwa umntwana ufile.

iindlela isifo

Efumanise sifo kubantwana ngokuqhelekileyo ezingahambi iingxaki. oogqirha abanamava kwanele phonononga isigulane oselula, bafunde umfanekiso lwezonyango kunye nembali yayo. Emva koko unyango elandelayo.

Ukuhlola sifo abadala, kuqukwa nabasetyhini abakhulelweyo, kufuneka yoviwo enye kakhulu. Oku kuquka le misebenzi ilandelayo:

1. Uhlalutyo serological. test zokuxilonga immunoglobulins M kunye G na onokumxelela lukhulu. Umzekelo, ukwanda kwezi titers kubonisa uphuhliso inkqubo yezifo. IgM hlola malunga 10-12 kwiintsuku emva kokosuleleka. Xa titer linyuke amaxesha-4 okanye ngaphezulu, ukufumanisa rubella. Njengenyathelo lokuthintela, azihlole emiselwe ukuba ukhulelwe kwaye uqhagamshelane nabantu abagulayo. Xa IgG uzimisele ngqo emzimbeni omzimba ukuba le ntsholongwane. IgG ziqhubeka ebomini.
2. uvavanyo Virological. Utyhila phambi kwe-arhente ezosulelayo emzimbeni. Uhlaziyo ulwazi kuphela de izilonda sokuqala. Njengoko izinto vavanyo igazi nje kuphela, kodwa ngobhobhozo ngeempumlo kunye fluid.
3. PCR indlela. Ngu-Polymerase Chain Reaction kungabonwa rubella ufuzo.

Ukuze kuthintelwe naziphi ezinye izifo ukuba babe intshumayelo efanayo lwezonyango, ukuqhuba isifo lothelekiso. Umahluko usulelo yimasisi, nangecesina nebomvu, mononucleosis kunye komzimba.

Iimpawu therapy

Xa kufuneka unyango esibhedlele rubella. Esibhedlele Kuxhomekeka izigulane luhlobo kakhulu zesi sifo, ubukho comorbidities okanye ukusola iingxaki. unyango ngqo nayo ungenziwa.

complex Medical kubandakanya ukulandelwa ukutya ezizodwa ubukho kwi ezityiwa protein. Kungcono ukukhetha engenamafutha. Nutrition kufuneka ibe iqhekeza, kwaye izabelo ezincinane. Kunyanzelekile ukuba ukulandela urhulumente mpimo asele malunga 2 iilitha zamanzi plain ngosuku.

unyango lingaze iquka abafumana antipyretics ( "paracetamol", "Nurofen") kunye antihistamines ( "Suprastin", "Tavegil"). Ngophuhliso iingxaki babhenela ekusebenziseni iziyobisi antibacterial. Bona kuqeshwe ngamnye ingqalelo imeko yesigulane.

Imiphumo ukuba umzimba

Rubella azifane kubangela iingxaki, ingakumbi izigulane abaselula. Ukuba amajoni omzimba amandla, emva kokuba usulelo lwangaphambili kwenzeka ukudumba kwi edolweni-engqinibeni kunye namalungu metacarpophalangeal. Iimpawu Prodromal inokuba negalelo kuphuhliso yinyumoniya, otitis okanye angina.

Enoba kwenzeka rubella kunye nonyango ngexesha kugqirha, abasetyhini abakhulelweyo phantse lonke iingxaki libonakalalisiwe. Abayi azichatshazelwa unina elizayo kakhulu kwaye usana ngaphakathi esizalweni. Kusenokuba ukungaqheleki engqondweni nasemzimbeni, kwesisu okanye ukukhulelwa ngokunyamalala.

Indlela zokuthintela izifo

Uthintelo rubella ithetha lugonyo kwangexesha. Esi sifo ezosulelayo kulula ezinokuthintelwa. Xa yezonyango, okugonya ezahlukeneyo ezisetyenzisiweyo namhlanje, kuquka amazwe. Imigomo abantwana abaselula iinyanga eziyi-15 ukuya kowe-18 yobomi. Emva koko iyaphindwa ukufikisa. Omzimba ngemva unyango ihlala iminyaka engama-20.

ladies abakhulelweyo Ugonyo contraindicated. Kwakhona kucetyiswa ukuba ukucwangcisela ekumitheni iinyanga ezintathu emva kogonyo. Ngelo xesha sisindiswe okuba ukwanda yosulelo Palsy.

Ukuba awuyazi ukuba ukukhangela njani ngathi izigulane unesifo "rubella" iifoto kweli nqaku liza kusinceda siqonde imbambano. Xa yabangxamayo kufuneka ngoko nangoko ukubonisa ugqirha yesigulane, uze qiniseka ukuba ayivalele ukuba bachache ngokupheleleyo. Kwelo gumbi apho sibekwe onesibetho, kufuneka ukucoca rhoqo kumanzi naxa umoya.