Radiation therapy in Oncology. Iziphumo unyango radiation

Radiation therapy in Oncology - indlela unyango lwezifo ithumba kunye ionizing radiation. Imiphumo ezincinci kakhulu yayo ngaphezu iingenelo nako ukulwa nethumba. Olu hlobo uthomalaliso esetyenziswa ukunyanga isiqingatha izigulane ezinomhlaza.

Radiation therapy (radiotherapy) libhekisela indlela yonyango, apho radiation insimbi uyasetyenziswa emfuleni. Kusenokuba gamma, imitha beta okanye-X-reyi. Ezi ntlobo ze ray enokuba nempembelelo amanyathelo abonakalayo iiseli umhlaza, okukhokelela ukuphazamiseka yesakhiwo, ezenzeka kwiDNA kunye, ekugqibeleni, ukufa. Nangona ifuthe ionizing imitha kuyingozi iiseli ezinempilo, susceptibility kwabo wemitha ngaphantsi, ebavumela ukuba baphile nangona eli sesichengeni. Xa Oncology, unyango radiation kuchaphazela ngokungalunganga ukwandiswa kweenkqubo thumba kwaye abangaphangeliyo ukukhula yamathumba amabi. Oncology emva konyango iba ngaphantsi ingxaki ukususela kuphuculo isigulane wazibona kwiimeko ezininzi.

Kunye kutyando ichemotherapy, radiotherapy kwenza kube lula ukuphumeza bachache ngokupheleleyo kwizigulane. Nangona therapy radiation amaxesha isetyenziswa njenge ndlela kunyango kuphela, ngokufuthi lisetyenziswa xa idityaniswe nezinye iindlela yemizabalazo ngumhlaza. Radiation therapy in Oncology (feedback ngokubanzi izigulane HIV) yaba kwicala lezempilo kule mihla ngamnye.

Iintlobo unyango radiation

unyango Remote - uhlobo lwe unyango apho umthombo radiation ibekwe ngaphandle emzimbeni wakhe, kude. teletherapy zamandulela ayikwazi ukubalwa Itomography, nto leyo enika ithuba ukwenza isicwangciso-ntathu kwaye akwazi ukusebenza, evumela ukuba umsebenzi ukubekeka ngakumbi likwahlola inwebu ithumba achaphazelekayo.

Brachytherapy - indlela yonyango radiation apho umthombo radiation ise kufutshane nethumba okanye kwizihlunu yayo. Oko kubizwa ngokuba ukuncitshiswa imiphumela emibi radiation kwi kwinyama enempilo Phakathi eziluncedo kule nqubo. Ukongeza, lo gama -cofa kunokwenzeka ukwandisa idosi radiation.

Ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezintle, idosi efunekayo ukuphefumla kwemitha kubalwa kwaye izicwangciso kulungiselelwa unyango radiation.

imiphumela emibi

Radiation therapy in Oncology, iziphumo apho umntu uvakalelwa elide, kodwa nako ukusindisa ubomi.

impendulo Umntu ngamnye kuthomalaliso wemitha ngamnye. Ngoko ke, zonke iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokwenzeka, kunzima kakhulu ukuqikelela. Sibala mpawu ziqhelekileyo zezi:

• ukulahleka ukudla. Uninzi izigulane yokutyholwa imnyama. Kuyimfuneko ukuba adle ngezixa ezincinane, kodwa rhoqo. Nutrition xa kungekho kutya na uxoxe nogqirha wakho. Body abapasa radiotherapy, kufuna amandla kunye nezondlo.
• Isicaphucaphu. Esinye sezizathu eziphambili ezibangela ukwehla onombilini - isicaphucaphu. Amaninzi, oku uphawu inokufumaneka kwizigulane kufumana unyango radiation ukuya kwindawo esiswini. Usenokuzifumana kunye nokugabha. Kwi le meko kufuneka ngoko nangoko ngugqirha. Mhlawumbi uza kufuna ukuqeshwa antiemetics.
• Norhudo. Urhudo kaninzi kwenzeka ngenxa kunyango radiotherapy. Kwimeko urhudo ziphele kangangoko ulwelo kunokwenzeka ukuze aphephe ukomisa. Le uphawu kufuneka kwakhona xelela ugqirha wakho.
• Ubuthathaka. Ngexesha unyango radiation, kakhulu izigulane kuncitshiswa umsebenzi wabo, abafumana namdla kunye nempilo enkenenkene. Kunye nemeko esikuyo phantse zonke izigulane abaye unenzondelelo unyango radiation. Ingakumbi ezilukhuni izigulane esibhedlele, nto leyo ngamathuba athile kufuneka ukwenza. Eli thuba ixesha kufuneka ukuba icwangciswe ekwenzeni, odlayo amandla ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwasengqondweni, kufuneka ushiye elona xesha lininzi phumla.
• iingxaki Skin. Emva kweeveki 1-2 emva kokuqalisa ulusu radiotherapy, baba kummandla sesichengeni kwemitha, iqalisa redden udiliza. Ngamanye amaxesha izigulane ezikhala ukurhawuzelela nentlungu. Kulo mzekelo, kufuneka usebenzise amafutha (by ingcebiso ray) ukutshiza "Panthenol" izithambiso kunye lotions ngenxa unonophelo ulusu labantwana, ukunikezela zokuthambisa. Hlikihla isikhumba axakane kuyathintelwa. Inxalenye umzimba apho kwenzeka ukutyabuka eluswini, kodwa kufuneka zohlanjwa ngamanzi abandayo, ngokushiya okwethutyana ezifumana iibhate. Kuyimfuneko ukuba lokuphelisa ulusu kwimiphumo kwelanga ngqo kunye enxibe iimpahla kunye amalaphu zendalo. La manyathelo aya kunceda susa ulusu nokunciphisa intlungu.

imiphumela emibi Ukuncipha

Emva kwikhondo ugqirha radiotherapy uya kunika iingcebiso ngendlela ukuziphatha ekhaya, kuthathelwa ingqalelo iimpawu lomcimbi wakho ukwenzela ukunciphisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Nabani na into therapy radiation in Oncology ngubani owaziyo, imiphumo yalo unyango kwakhona omhle. Abo izigulane baphathwa yi unyango radiation kwezifo ithumba kufuneka zilandele kwiingcebiso kagqirha, igalelo unyango ngempumelelo yaye bezama ukuphucula impilo yabo.

izincomo Key:

• Zinike ixesha lokuphumla kunye nokulala. Unyango ifuna amandla amaninzi extra, kwaye ungenza ngokukhawuleza ukudinwa. State of ubuthathaka jikelele ngamanye amaxesha ihlala omnye kwiiveki 4-6 emva kokuba unyango sele iphelile.
• Yitya kakuhle, ezama ukunqanda ukulahleka kobunzima.
• Musa anxibe iingubo ngokuqinileyo iikhola tight okanye iibhanti kwimimandla baboniswa kwimitha. Kulungile zithande iisuti endala, apho uziva ukhululekile.
• Qiniseka ukuba ukwazisa ugqirha wakho malunga onke amayeza owasebenzisayo, ukuze ubenakho ukuthatha le ingqalelo kulo unyango.

Radiotherapy

Eyona ndlela iphambili unyango wemitha bawandise impembelelo ithumba Ukwakheka, kancinane echaphazela eminye emzimbeni. Ukuphumeza oku, kufuneka ugqirha ngqo apho inkqubo ithumba, kulwalathiso nobunzulu umqadi ukuphumeza iinjongo zayo. Le ndawo kuthiwa endle zokukhanya. Xa zokukhanya yenziwa ekude, ileyibhile lisetyenziswa eluswini, nto leyo emele indawo sesichengeni kwemitha. Yonke le ndawo asebumelwaneni kunye namanye amalungu omzimba akhuselwe screens welothe. Le seshoni zoviwo kumke ngazo zokukhanya senziwa, uqhubeka imizuzu eliqela, kwaye inani seshoni dose radiation uzimisele, nto leyo ixhomekeke kuhlobo thumba kunye nohlobo iiseli ithumba. Ngethuba leseshoni, isigulane abanazo ubuhlungu. Ngexesha inkqubo yokwamkela iindwendwe, isigulana egumbini kuphela. Ugqirha esweni inkqubela inkqubo nge window eyodwa okanye ikhamera yevidiyo, ngoxa igumbi elilandelayo.

Ukungqinelana izimvo a neoplasm okanye radiation therapy kusetyenziswa indlela elizimeleyo zonyango, okanye inxalenye kwanonyango odityanisiweyo kunye utyando okanye ichemotherapy. therapy Imitha isetyenziswa kwingingqi ngenjongo yokuba sesichengeni amalungu omzimba ngamnye. Amaxesha amaninzi, kukhuthaza unciphiso ekucebiseni ubungakanani ithumba, okanye ekhokelela lunyango epheleleyo.

ubude

Ixesha apho ikhosi ebalwa unyango radiation, kumiselwa isifo esithile, amathamo kunye exposure indlela esetyenziswayo. Gamma unyango rhoqo ihlala kwiiveki 6-8. Ngeli xesha isigulane ixesha lokuba athathe iinkqubo 30-40. Kakhulu, unyango radiation akunyanzelekanga ukuba amagumbi nomonde esibhedlele kwaye zivunwe kakuhle. Ezinye zibonisa zifuna unyango radiation esibhedlele.

Ubude unyango kunye ithamo radiation zixhomekeke ngqo kwi uhlobo lwesifo kunye nobungakanani inkqubo yokungahoywa. Ubude unyango kunye zokukhanya intracavitary ihlala kakhulu ngaphantsi. Oko kubandakanya iinkqubo ezimbalwa yaye kunqabile ihlala ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezine.

Ubungqina obubonakalayo buxela

therapy Imitha isetyenziswa Oncology yonyango yamathumba nawuphi na umyalezo.

Phakathi kwabo:

• wobuchopho;
• umhlaza webele;
• umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko;
• umhlaza laryngeal;
• umhlaza wemiphunga;
• umhlaza pancreatic;
• somdlavuza wendlala;
• umhlaza umnqonqo;
• nomhlaza wesikhumba;
• nee- kwizihlunu ezithambileyo;
• umhlaza isisu.

Zokukhanya isetyenziswa kunyango lymphoma kunye wegazi.

Ngamanye amaxesha unyango radiation enokwenziwa ukulungiselela iinjongo othintelo ngaphandle ubungqina lomhlaza. Le nkqubo isetyenziselwa iyaluthintela uphuhliso somhlaza.

umthamo exposure

ithamo Imitha ibizwa ngokuba umthamo ionizing radiation kwelifunekayo kwizihlunu zomzimba. Ngaphambili, iyunithi le lomlinganiselo dose kwemitha bakhonza nguye. Ke kaloku, ngenxa yale njongo ke Grey. 1 Gray ilingana 100 Radama.

Iintlobo ngeentlobo amalaphu bakholisa ukumelana ngeedosi ezahlukeneyo radiation. Ngoko ke, lo isibindi uyakwazi ukumelana phantse kabini radiation ngaphezu nezintso. Ukuba ithamo zizonke yahlulwe kwaye irradiate welungu ochaphazelekayo, imihla ngemihla, oku kuya kwandisa umonakalo iiseli umhlaza kunye nokunciphisa ephilile.

ucwangciso unyango

somdlavuza Modern wazi konke malunga radiotherapy in Oncology.

Xa isixhobo kagqirha, kukho iintlobo ezininzi kwemitha kunye zokukhanya iindlela. Ngoko ke, unyango kakuhle zokucwangciswa isitshixo recovery.

Xa therapy umqadi radiation lwangaphandle, loo somdlavuza ukufumana endle zokukhanya kuyasebenza Ukulinganisa. Ngexesha yokulinganisa, isigulana phezu kwetafile, yaye ugqirha imisela enye okanye ngaphezulu mazibuko zokukhanya. Ngexesha Ukulinganisa naye enze CT okanye enye indlela yoxilongo ukugqiba indlela radiation.

imimandla exposure ziphawulwe kunye namagosa amakishayo ezikhethekileyo ezibonisa indlela radiation.

Ukungqinelana uhlobo unyango radiation esinyuliweyo, isigulana banokuba braces ezikhethekileyo ukunceda nokukhusela iindawo ezahlukeneyo omzimba, ukuphelisa intshukumo lwabo ngethuba sicatshulwa le nkqubo. isicelo Ngamanye amaxesha izihluzi ezikhethekileyo ukunceda ukukhusela esikule ezingqongileyo.

Ukungqinelana ngesiphumo yeengcali Ukulinganisa ababandakanyekayo kunyango imitha, uya isigqibo idosi eziyimfuneko imitha, indlela delivery, kwaye inani leeseshoni.

yokudla

Iingcebiso kwi ngesondlo kuya kukunceda ukuba uphephe iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango okanye ukunciphisa ifuthe lazo. Oku kubaluleke ngokukhethekileyo ukuba unyango radiation ye isinqe nesisu. Radiotherapy kunye Oncology kwi ekutyeni eziliqela iimpawu.

Kuyimfuneko ukuba usele iziselo, ukuya iindondo-12 ngosuku. Ukuba umxholo engamanzi iswekile ephakamileyo, kufuneka bungxengwe ngamanzi.

Ukutya fraction, amaxesha 5-6 ngemini ngeedosi ezincinane. Ukutya kufuneka kube lula yayingeyonxalenye: ngaphandle okune amaxhama ekrwada, lactose kunye namanqatha. Loo ukudla Kuyancomeka ukubona omnye kwiiveki ezi-2 emva konyango. Emva koko ke kancinci Fundisa ukutya ifayibha: irayisi, iibhanana, juice apile, okubizwa.

kwimeko yesiqhelo

Ukusetyenziswa unyango radiation ichaphazela zombini umhlaza kunye neeseli esempilweni. Ngakumbi oko kuyingozi iiseli ezisahlula ngokukhawuleza (inwebu yangaphakathi, ulusu, lomongo wethambo). Le zokukhanya yenza radicals simahla emzimbeni ezinokubangela umonakalo emzimbeni.

Sisebenzela ukufumana indlela yokwenza abalibona unyango yelanga ukuba izenzo kuphela kwiiseli ithumba. Ukufakelwa gamma imela, nelisebenza ukuba unyango yamathumba entanyeni kunye nentloko. Inika nefuthe ngqo kakhulu kubungakanani encinane nethumba.

Ngaphandle koku, phantse bonke bafumana unyango radiation, ngamaqondo ahlukahlukeneyo, sigula kwimitha. Iintlungu, ukudumba, isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, ilahleko iinwele, igazi - iimpawu ezifana ngenxa yonyango izinto kwemitha in Oncology. Treatment kunye nokuvuselelwa izigulane emva iiseshoni imitha yingxaki enkulu.

Kuba nokuvuselelwa izigulane kufuneka ukuphumla, ubuthongo, umoya omtsha, okunesondlo, ukusetyenziswa mziba kwamajoni omzimba, ubuthi ithetha.

Ukongeza iingxaki zempilo, nto leyo eyenziwe ukugula kakhulu, kunye nonyango yakhe nzima, izigulane behlelwa kukudakumba. Indlela ezakhiwe ngayo imisebenzi yesiqhelo zidla kufuneka ukuba ibandakanye iiseshini kunye a ngengqondo. Onke la manyathelo aya kunceda ukoyisa iingxaki zibangelwa unyango radiation in Oncology. Uhlaziya izigulane emva kwikhondo iinkqubo, uthethe ngeengenelo ukuqina inkqubo nangona iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.