Art. 48 of the Code Civil. Ingcamango iqumrhu elisemthethweni. izimvo

Okwangoku, imibutho ezininzi ezahlukeneyo abasebenza kumacandelo ahlukeneyo ezoqoqosho. Abemi ngokudibeneyo okanye ngokomntu ngamnye lweshishini evulekileyo ekuveliseni imisebenzi, ukuveliswa kwempahla, ubonelelo lweenkonzo. Omnye wemisebenzi engundoqo nawuphi na umbutho kukwenza ingeniso. Cinga phambili ingqikelelo iqumrhu elisemthethweni.

of the Code Civil

Le Code is ekhoyo kwi tbsp entloko 4. p. 1. 48 of the Code Civil ucacisa inkcazo jikelele "umntu ngokusemthethweni". Njengoko lumile, inkampani, leyo empahla eyahlukileyo, unoxanduva nezibophelelo zawo. Lo mbutho unakho ukuthenga kwaye bathengise egameni yabo amalungelo kunye neemfanelo, ukuba ngummangalelwa kunye nommangali enkundleni. UNorma wasinika kuyimfuneko, apho kufuneka athobele nayiphi na iqumrhu elisemthethweni. Art. 48 of the Code Civil ufuna umbutho ukuba kudlule ubhaliso karhulumente. ulwazi kwishishini kufuneka abe khona kwi Emanyeneyo. In n. 2 tbsp. 48 of the Code Civil yasekwa ukuba inkampani ebhaliswe fomu lombutho-lomthetho, i ikhowudi ethile.

amalungelo Okukodwa

In n. 3 tbsp. 48 of the Code Civil umisela umahluko phakathi kwamashishini karhulumente kunye kamasipala ecalanye / amaziko kunye neenkampani corporate. I yangaphambili ziquka umbutho, malunga nepropati leyo kuxhomekeke amalungelo lokushishina abasunguli zabo. Ngokunjalo, kudidi lwesibini ezo nkampani apho abathathi-nxaxheba ineenketho yezomthetho yenkampani. Central Bank of imo elisemthethweni amalungiselelo omgaqo-siseko kunye nemithetho "Ngomhla Central Bank".

Art. 48 of the Code Civil kunye iikhomentari

Isahluko 4 soMthetho Code weza ukusebenza kancinane ngaphambili uninzi nezibonelelo Part. 1. Xa kuthelekiswa imithetho RSFSR kunye USSR Iziseko ingqiqo amalungelo abantu amaqumrhu asemthethweni ayitshintshanga kakhulu. Ngelo xesha kucacile ukuba ukungafani kunye Dynamics ingeniso yoluntu zahluke kakhulu kuyo yintoni ngaphambili. Ngako oko, utshintsho ukuphumelela kwezinye ifuthe kuluntu malunga nokusekwa nokusebenza iindidi ezahlukeneyo lombutho kunye esemthethweni kwamashishini. Utshintshwano esenzeka zikarhulumente, kwakhokelela yokutshintsha umthetho wobukhaya. Ngokukodwa, sandisiwe khulu uluhlu beendidi besebe-zomthetho, uhlengahlengiso kwenziwa imigaqo kwi nobuntu lomthetho, iintlobo imibutho njalo njalo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba uninzi imithetho ngaphambili ngokuphathelele amaqumrhu asemthethweni eziqulethwe yedolophu. Namhlanje, izibonelelo ezikhoyo ubukhulu becala bakwicandelo amaxwebhu asemthethweni federal, kwaye isitshixo them - Code Civil. Njengoko ku Art. 48 le nkcazelo Civil Code usebenza kuzo zonke imibutho, kungakhathaliseki ukuba zorhwebo okanye hayi.

ubungqina

Kukho ezinye iindlela ezisisiseko okuluphawu umbutho. Inqaku 48 le-Code Civil libhekisela nabo zicacisa olu didi abadlali kwezoqoqosho. Kukho iimpawu imibutho ngokwasemzimbeni kunye esemthethweni. I yangaphambili ziquka:

1. I nomphandle wocango umanyano ukuzimela noshowo.
2. impahla Yahlula.
3. ubunye Guideline.
4. Uhlangothi jikelele izenzo zonke izinto benkampani.

izinto zomthetho yombutho:

1. Semthethweni kwendalo.
2. Ukukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi, ukuba baze basebenzise amalungelo.

inhlangano enobunye

Phantsi kufuneka iqondwe inkqubo leendibano zonke iiyunithi ezakha isakhiwo lweshishini, kunye nabanye. Ngelo xesha ngaphakathi mbutho waseka ngaphantsi ecacileyo unit lolawulo. ingqibelelo lwangaphakathi noshowo kuvumela inkampani ukuba kungekhona iseti ethile lweziqalelo (leqela), kwakunye enye.

ukuzimela yangaphandle

It ngumlinganiselo ukuzimela lombutho esithile intsebenziswano yawo kunye nabanye abadlali ababandakanyekayo kwegazi yoluntu. Kulo mzekelo, ukuzimela yangaphandle esizibonakalisa nje kuphela neentlobano zabelo, kodwa bonke abanye abantu.

bodwa impahla

Lo mqondiso ubonisa ngqo inqaku kumbuzo 48 Code Civil. Njengoko umlinganiselo lombutho-asethi eziphathekayo bodwa kobumnini ubabalo, ulawulo zokusebenza okanye ulawulo lwezoqoqosho. Ngokubanzi, inkampani isebenza ngumnini ngokusemthethweni impahla yakhe. Abanini ubutyebi na, umzekelo, amaqumrhu zoshishino (ubambiswano, njalo njalo.), Ookopolotyeni (abathengi kunye uhlobo mveliso), zesisa, imibutho yenkolo, njalo njalo.

, Amaziko kamasipala karhulumente-kaRhulumente kunye namashishini ipropati idluliselwa kulawulo zokusebenza. imibutho esihlangene ukuphumeza ulawulo lwezoqoqosho. Xa kuqwalaselwa umba kwepropati, kufanele kuqatshelwe umanyano lwezoqoqosho lokuba naliphi na iqumrhu elisemthethweni. umongo wayo kukuba aseti eziphathekayo abanini yinkampani xa ewonke kunokuba kwiiyunithi zoshishino ngalinye. Ulwabiwo zezinto ezibonakalayo ezimbaxa ichazwa phambi uqikelelo yoluntu okanye self-eseleyo.

ubunye Guideline

Libekwe phambi webhunga lolawulo liphezulu. Ngamafutshane, akunakuba iqumrhu elisemthethweni kwamandla ezimbini. Ngokuqhelekileyo, umsebenzi kwishishini laququzelela omzimba ethile. Kusenokuba, umzekelo, CEO, ibhodi yabalawuli, intlanganiso jikelele. isakhiwo ngasinye enoluhlu amagunya. Ngokuqhelekileyo ubanzi ngokwaneleyo. Noko ke, umzimba eliphezulu lolawulo kuyo nayiphi na imeko apho kuya kubakho mnye.

ubunye functional

Oku kuchazwe into yokuba zonke element lenkampani (a division) liyazi umsebenzi okhethekileyo. Iimpawu Iziqulatho kuxhomekeke kwimfundo umsebenzi lweshishini. imisebenzi orientation Uniform kuqinisekisa impumelelo iinjongo. Imisebenzi kunye neenjongo, kwakunye nolunye ulwazi malunga iqumrhu elisemthethweni kumiselwe amaxwebhu okuqala.

Le semthethweni indalo

Okokuqala yonke imisebenzi kunye neenjongo lweshishini kufuneka ukuba ibe okuchasene nomthetho osebenzayo. Enye imeko engundoqo semthethweni izenzo ukuthobela umyalelo esekwe ukuyila umbutho. Art. 48 of the Code Civil kufuna indlela ubhaliso karhulumente yenkqubo yeshishini elo. Imithetho ukuphunyezwa yayo ilawulwa ngumthetho ochaphazelekayo federal. Xa ubhalisa ulwazi malunga iqumrhu elisemthethweni kufuneka sibhalwe kwirejista. Nguye okufanayo yonke imibutho avulekileyo kweli lizwe. Ukuba isakhiwo yenkampani kuye kubekho iinguqu ezibalulekileyo, olu lwazi wangena kule Emanyeneyo. Umzekelo, lo mgaqo usebenza naluphi na uhlobo lahlukene, yimali, ukuvulwa ofisi ummeli okanye yesebe.

ubuntu

In Art. 48 of the Code Civil, njengoko omnye umqondiso kwemibutho kuza kuba yeyona ithuba ukuthatha phezu amalungelo yoluntu baluphumeze. Xa ukuyilwa inkampani iya kuba uluhlu amanye amalungelo. Eyona sixhasa ithuba lokuthatha inxaxheba egameni ngokwabo ngobuhlobo. Umbutho abe ipropati yabo, ukuba ukulahla kubo, nezahlulo kufutshane, njalo-njalo. Kunye namalungelo yenkampani kwaye uzuza imisebenzi ethile. In Art. 48 of the Code Civil ithi umbutho ukuze avele enkundleni xa ummangalelwa. Oku kuthetha ukuba le nkampani uya kuba noxanduva nezibophelelo zawo. Abatyalwayo banokungenisa iifom zamabango abo kuyo-sikhokelo iimvumelwano kunye nezithethe ezikhoyo. Ngelo xesha linye inkampani ukumangalela. Oku kuthetha ukuba lo mbutho unalo ilungelo lokwenza isikhalazo kunezixhobo yaye zifuna ukuba inzaliseko izibophelelo, kwakunye imbuyekezo ngenxa yomonakalo.

bokuqonda uxanduva

Wabaseki umntu ngokwasemthethweni okanye umnini propati akanaxanduva izibophelelo, wazithwala phezu mbutho. Ngako oko, le nkampani akanaxanduva amatyala ka-nxaxheba okanye mnini propati. Kuba enze isono, ke, beka ngaphandle. Basenokuba kubonelelwa ngumthetho okanye amaxwebhu usemthethweni kwiNkampani.

amalungelo-nxaxheba

amathuba Abaseki Legal isenokwahluka umda. Abathathi-nxaxheba eenkampani kwezoqoqosho (intsebenziswano njalo njalo.), Yaye amalungu amanyathelo abathengi babe umthetho izibophelelo ngokuphathelene nepropati ezi mibutho. Wabaseki amashishini kamasipala / karhulumente kufuneka ngokunxulumene asethi obubonakalayo amaqumrhu asemthethweni ilungelo kwipropati. Njengoko nxaxheba kulo msitho ukuba iSebe lezoKhuselo, imimandla yeli lizwe kunye Russian Federation. Ubumnini bepropati kwakhona eyale wabaseki amaziko.

ngaphandle

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba umthetho simisela uluhlu olubanzi ngokwaneleyo lwezinto ezikhoyo, apho abathathi-nxaxheba abanawo njengetyala okanye amalungelo empahla kaRemaliya. Le mibutho yolu hlobo, ingakumbi, kufuneka ibandakanye zezenkolo noluntu, imibutho kunye nemibutho yoshishino, wesisa ngokoluvo kunye nezinye iimali. Ngokomzekelo, ngokutsho Art. 28, para. 2 lomThetho Federal №95 "On amaqela ezopolitiko", njengoko abanini propati ezi mibutho, kubandakanywa ii-ofisi zemimandla yabo, ukhonza lo mbutho uwonke. Amalungu ayo abanayo amalungelo amaxabiso eziphathekayo.

isiphelo

Umthetho umisela kakhulu ngokucacileyo izibonelelo ezingundoqo enxulumene nemibutho esemthethweni. ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ihlawulwe norms ilungelo lobunini kunye uxanduva liabilities. Ngelo xesha ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza eqhelekileyo lombutho kweemeko ezithile kufuneka nazo. Ingakumbi, inxulumana neenkqubo ngokusekwa amaqumrhu asemthethweni, ubhaliso ekusunguleni amaxwebhu. ulwazi Key malunga mbutho uqulathwe somqulu wayo. Olu xwebhu ichaza accounting nkqubo, iinjongo, imisebenzi lweshishini, uxanduva kunye namalungelo abaseki kwaye yonke inkampani xa iyonke. Naluphi na utshintsho lwenziwa Charter kufuneka abhaliswe. Ebudeni eqhelekileyo yoshishino, inkampani unako ukwenza kuphela ezo imisebenzi nokuba ziyangqinelana iinjongo ezichaziweyo. Kwezinye iimeko, ukuphunyezwa imisebenzi ethile kufuna mvume. Inkqubo yokufumana kubhaliwe kuzinza isenzo yolawulo ezifanelekileyo. Ekuphunyezweni yomsebenzi mvume ngaphandle kwemvume le nkampani kuba noxanduva phantsi komthetho.