Propanoic acid. iipropati Physical nemichiza. Ukusetyenziswa, ukhuseleko emsebenzini.

Propanoic acid (amanye amagama - metiluksusnaya acid, E280 ukubola, propionic acid) - yinto ulwelo abuhlungu ngaphandle umbala elibi. It has ifomula yemichiza ilandelayo: C2H5-COOH.

Iipropati Physical of propionic acid:

1. lobushushu lokunyibilika ngu -21 °.

2. Le abilayo ngu 141 °.

3. I- flash ngongoma ngu 54 °.

4. Ubunzima izinyo ilingana 74,08 grams / nolovane.

5. Phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, i ulwelo enemibala.

6. lobushushu ucinezelo ngu 440 °.

Iipropati lwemichiza propionic acid:

1. miscible ngamanzi (H2O) kunye nemixube organic.

2. A propane acid - ummeli awayedla asidi carboxylic ayegcwele. Ngamana yinxalenye esters galogenagidridy, amides, kunye nezinye izinto.

Imbali izovela propanoate

Le into wachazwa okokuqala ngo-1844 ngu uJohann Gottlieb, ngubani bamfumana phakathi kweemveliso sugar nokuthotywa. Emva koko, ngexesha ezinye ekhemisi le asidi yalungiselelwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ngaphandle kokubonakala oko, oko itsalwa kwi-compound efanayo. Ngowe-1847, uJean-Baptiste Dumas wafumanisa ukuba izinto wafumana ngaphambili baba elifanayo iasidi wachaza kamva ngayo acid propanoic, apho ifomula - C2H5-COOH.

Zeziphi iindlela zokufumana propanoate?

Indalo propanoic acid afumaneka kwi-oyile.

Kushishino, iyeza ezivezwa Reppe carbonylation ethylene ukuya indlela njengoko eceleni kwi igcwala of hydrocarbon, igcwala ekujonganeni of propane aldehyde phambi ion manganese okanye ayibe.

Kwakhona, kukho inani elikhulu metiluksusnoy acid zingafumaneka ngokuvelisa acetic acid, kodwa iindlela zale mihla yokufumana ukwenzile ngale ndlela umthombo yesibini propionic acid.

Le nto kufuneka zilungiswe yokubola pathways of acid kunye fatty eziqulathe inani elingumnqakathi ye atom carbon.

Kwakhona ukuvelisa propane acid bacterium sodidi Propionibacterium (imveliso ekupheleni ukutya kwabo). Ezi ntsholongwane zifumaneka ometyiso yinyongo, ngenxa yemisebenzi yabo lo sisi Swiss na incasa engaqhelekanga.

Propionic acid

It esters kunye neetyuwa.

Awana kunye awana-nomhlaba iityuwa ezinyibilikayo kakuhle emanzini (H2O), musa ukuluhlakaza organic izinyibilikisi.

Esters weli kakubi enyibilikayo (H2O) amanzi kodwa miscible kunye organic izinyibilikisi.

isicelo

Le asidi lisetyenziswa kwezi meko zilandelayo:

- production gerbetsidy (umz dihlorprol, propanol), iziyobisi (fenobolin, ibuprofen), izinto sisiqhumiso ethile (linaloil-, phenyl-, geranil-, benzyl propionate) ezinganyibiliki (butyl-, pentyl-, propyl propionate), iiplastiki ( polivinilpropionat), surfactants (ethers glycol) kunye vinilplastifikatorov;

- ukususela propionic acid abangaphangeliyo ukukhula iintsholongwane kunye efanayo, ukuba lukhulu kuwo isetyenziswa ukubola kwi esondla abantu kunye nezilwanyana. Le mveliso kusetyenziswa ngqo ngenxa propionic acid isilwanyana okanye ityuwa (ammonium propionate), kwaye iimveliso enziwa ukuba umntu usebenzisa calcium (calcium propionate) okanye sodium (sodium propionate) okanye ityuwa yalo.

Ukhuseleko emsebenzini

Le ngozi oluphambili xa usebenzisa propionic acid - kuba ukutsha imichiza ngegalelo ubungnqongqo.

Xa izifundo olwenziwe izilwanyana zaselebhu kuphela isiphumo ezimbi ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa ixesha elide iingedosi ezincinane propanoic asidi imbonakalo izilonda apha kuvuleke iminxunya emathunjini, okubangelwe iipropati bako ukwimo. Abakufumana kwi uphando propionic acid kukuba amalungu okuzala mutagenic, umhlaza, ityhefu nokubi. Xa emzimbeni, sicinga into yiluciferase umzimba ngokukhawuleza uze ke ofakwe ngokohlobo carbon dioxide.