Indlela ukubala ubungakanani wire?

Ekubeni zekharityhulam yesikolo ayibandakanyi isifundo yesihloko "Indlela ukubala wire cross-kwicandelo", nditsho nasebudaleni, abaninzi abanalo nofifi oku kungenziwa njani. Ukuba elithile elizayo ezinxulumene nobunjineli zombane, xa utitshala wesikolo ixelela ukuzalana umbane kunye necandelo umnqamlezo nombhexeshi. Kungenjalo, umntu nangoku uhlala ebumnyameni. Nangona, xa Ekuqaleni, kusenokubonakala ngathi akukho mfuneko ukuqonda kubomi bemihla ngemihla, ukubala njani ubukhulu wire, oko akunjalo. Wonke umntu okungenani kanye ebomini bakho liqala, kukuhlenga, kubandakanywa ukutshintshwa zikagesi ekhaya. Kakade ke, ungasebenzisa iinkonzo amaqembu ukulungiswa. Ngelo xesha, engazi ukuba ukubala indlela ubungakanani ucingo kunye nje ukuthemba abasebenzi, ungakwazi noba overpay ukuba amacandelo ezingeyomfuneko ngokupheleleyo cable umnqamlezo (ezinye zombane ekhwele kunye imfuyo - nje ukuba uqiniseke), okanye kamva ukuphumeza kwakhona replacement-ngenxa icandelo ekhethiweyo ngokungachanekanga. Akukho mfuneko ukufunda ngocoselelo bonke. Kwanele ukuba ingcamango jikelele kuphela yendlela ukubala icandelo wire ukuqonda isizathu sokuba abasebenzi ukhethe icandelo enjalo, kwaye hayi nayiphi na enye.

Makhe sibone ukuba yintoni yonke kuyimfuneko ukuba ukhethe icandelo emnqamlezweni? Njengoko waziwa kakuhle, ukudluliselwa amandla ombane ikhutshwa phandle ababhexeshi yesinyithi ngentsimbi (LEP), ubhedu, i-aluminiyamu. Xa linokuya liba likhulu inani elektroni kudlule nganye kwexesha ngeyunithi nganye kwiyunithi ubude wire (njalo-ebizwa ingxinano ekhoyo ngoku), kokukhona ebushushwini balo. Ngoko, xa iphezulu kakhulu ixabiso zangoku kunye umqhubi cross-icandelo encinane Kuya kubonwa lobushushu suka, nto leyo nimqumbise kukuvela kwemeko lomlilo. Ukufudumeza uhlala khona, kodwa ukuba icandelo le-wire yangoku luchanekile, ngoko ke ubushushu uhlala ngaphakathi kwemida eyamkelekileyo. In iifomyula angasentla a kubonakaliswa ngokwale ndlela ilandelayo.

Eli candelo umnqamlezo izinto oqhuba:

S = 2 * 3.14 * (R * R)

Ubungakanani yokwanda yelayini ifunelwa umzimba eziqinileyo:

L = L1 * (1 + k * T),

apho L1 - naphi zero degrees Celsius;

T - lobushushu zokufudumeza;

k - ngumlingani lokwanda (ixabiso itheyibhile).

Meaning isigaba nge zokufudumeza:

S = 3.14 * ((L1 * (1 + k * T) * (L1 * (1 + k * T))

Ukuxinana ngoku, njengokuba sele kukhankanyiwe:

J = I / S

Ngoku, ukuba ixabiso endaweni kulo S olungumgubo xa itshiswe, kuba kucacile ukuba zonke zontathu amaxabiso zihlobene, kwaye ubushushu ludlala indima ebalulekileyo.

Enye indlela elula imibuzo, ezivame zintsha "ukukhubeka" - i "ukucacisa ukuba icandelo le-wire." Okokuqala, usebenzisa irula okanye imbi (ukuchaneka ngezantsi) ukufumanisa ubukhulu. Emva koko, ukukhulisa ukuba isikwere nande ngo 0.78 (indawo wesangqa). Loo nto ilula kakhulu.

Kodwa practice, ubuhlobo amacandelo kubaluleke ngakumbi yaye umsinga wombane. Oko kukuthi, kufuneka ukwazi, umzekelo, yintoni uhlobo wire indlu kweentambo. Ixabiso ngoku uzimisele ukwazi ukusetyenziswa kwamandla isixhobo okanye iqela. Ngoko ke, ukuba lo walivala ithende liqhagamshelene we-2 kilowatts kuseketileni, yangoku yalo 2000 W / 220 = 9 A. Ngoku, itafile ekhethekileyo kwiikhowudi zombane, sinokufumana icandelo oyifunayo. Sithabathela ingqalelo inani elipheleleyo iingcingo kwi intambo; izinto umqhubi (aluminiyam, ikopolo); ngokubekwa indlela (evulekileyo, kwityhubhu, ukusika vee); ombane kunye nexabiso avumelekile yangoku. Umzekelo, ucingo lobhedu 1 mm macala onke., Ukuba bricked ndaxheleka, ekwaziyo ixesha elide iwise ngoku amps-14, engqamana 3 kW (womnatha lombane kunye ombane we-220 volts).

Ukuxhomekeka le , amandla yangoku kunye ombane Imveliso esuka kwi indlela yokubala elula:

P = U * I,

apho P - amandla yombane Watts;

U - lo ombane line in volts;

I - zangoku amperes.

Phawula iiyunithi zemilinganiselo! Umphumo iya kuba ezingachanekanga ukuba, umzekelo, endaweni ixabiso Watts kwifomula ukuba kufakwe endaweni iqela kilowatts.