Nizhny Novgorod mmandla: iipaka kunye ezingcwele zasendle. Igcina ummandla Nizhny Novgorod: Kerzhensky, Ichalkovsky, Vadskoe ne Lake Svetloyar

kummandla Nizhny Novgorod luphuhliso lwe Russian Federation. Iziko yolawulo Nizhny Novgorod umi - esinye sezixeko emikhulu i-Federal iVolga District. Imbali linaso ngaphezu kwekhulu. isiseko sayo edibene imfuneko yokukhusela nxamnye iyangena iVolga Bulgars. Ukususela ngoko, Nizhny Novgorod ebesoloko wadlala indima ebalulekileyo kubomi boluntu. Nangona uphuhliso lorhwebo kunye noshishino, kwaye Wayishiya loo ndawo, ikhuselwe ngurhulumente. It has endaweni yayo Nizhny Novgorod zolondolozo mmandla, ezaziwa kuphela eRashiya kodwa phesheya. Basimisela lesizwe. It Kerzhensky bucala Ichalkovsky Reserve, Lake Svetloyar kunye Vadskoe. Bonke babe enezityalo nezilwanyana ezizodwa.

Reserve Kerzhensky - a Imbali emfutshane

Lo mmandla reserve ukususela ekuqaleni zokuhlala kunye 1993 yaba iindawo ehlathini kunye nemigxobhozo boreal. Malunga naluphi na ukhuseleko ekubeni wagawulwa, okanye ubuncinane ukulawula kwakungelula ngaphambili. Kwaba kuphela ngo-1993 Kerzhensky Reserve yasekwa. Le nto ivumele ukuba ukulawula ummandla kunye eziphila ezizodwa, izityalo kunye nezilwanyana nokuzikhusela ekutshabalaleni.

Ingaba eli ziko kwi Kerzhents elunxwemeni lomlambo, kwi Janai kunye nezithili bake phantsi kolawulo olungqongqo kakhulu. Eneneni, bonke oovimba kunye ezingcwele ukhuselwe kummandla Nizhny Novgorod, kodwa Kerzhensky imvume eyodwa iyafuneka kwanabo abahlala ematyotyombeni endaweni yayo. nje ukuya usithande ubuhle bendalo iya kusebenza.

Ngenxa kolawulo karhulumente wakwazi ukuyeka ekutshabalaleni iintlobo ezininzi zezityalo nezilwanyana. Ngaphezu koko, lo Reserve yabamba yokwandisa iintlobo-eksperimenti ukuba abaseleyo ababuyanga badle bomi apha, ezifana ptarmigan. Nangona kunjalo, ngeli nokuhlola ayiphumelelanga.

Enezityalo nezilwanyana ze egciniweyo Kerzhensky

Lo mmandla bucala iquka hlathi kunye nemigxobhozo. Phakathi imithi kugcwele Conifers. Nakuba kunjalo, kukho iindawo ukuba bathabathe iinkuni exutyiweyo - nespruce, nompleyini, kunye nemithi leaf enkulu. Ehlathini ephambili nompleyini siyakhuselwa kuphela kunxweme Kerzhenets River. Alder, ezinde, oki kukhula phezu kweendonga komsinga nemilambo le hlathi. Amadlelo kwi reserve phantse namnye. Konke oku kungenxa yoniwa kwaye inani elikhulu imililo - indalo wayenza ecosystem self-zempiliso.

Izilwanyana ye reserve yi zahlukahlukene kakhulu. Ezanyisayo ziquka neencanda, abamenzelayo, shrews, amalulwane, amabhere, ingqawa, iingcuka, iimpungutye, izinja raccoon, iimpuku, kunye nabanye abaninzi. Ungafumana iindidi ezininzi iintaka, kubandakanywa ukhetshe, kestrel, harrier, nendwe, nesangxa, nesihuluhulu, nefubesi, nenkuku yamanzi, nengcwangube, iposi, izagwityi kunye nabanye. Abaninzi kubo zidweliswe ezisengozini. ezirhubuluzayo World kunye eziphila ezinjalo izilwanyana thaca njengoko anguis necilishe, irhamba copperhead, amasele, ntulo, isele. Le imijelo, amachibi kunye nemisinga zingafunyanwa iintlanzi ezifana Roach, Pike, rudd, limfiliba, tench, catfish, ruffe, zakhele, burbot kunye nabanye.

A lesikhumbuzo unique yendalo - reserve Ichalkovsky

Ukuba Kerzhensky Reserve unembali ezincinane kakhulu elifutshane, enye into yendalo sele ekho kangangeminyaka engama-50. Ukwakhiwa kwendawo yendalo ekhuselweyo kuquka iziza eziliqela ukuba babe neempawu ezizodwa. Ngaloo lenzeka Ichalkovsky Reserve ngo-1971. Wahlanganisa Ichalkovsky pine ehlathini, iindawo kwithafa umkhukula emlanjeni enxilile kunye neendawo kwayijikeleza emasimini copses.

Okokuqala, phantsi kukhuselo ndawo athathwa ngaphandle kwezityalo relict kade-xesha. Ngomhla kummandla Ichalkovsky iboron kwakhona nemiqolomba karst. Esi sesona sizathu yesibini ukhuseleko nokhuselo mmandla. Kwi kwintsimi kukhule imithi pine, hayi nje kuphela, kodwa oki, uthuthu, ezinde kunye nezinye hardwoods. kuphuhliswa kakhulu undergrowth ezibutyholwana - kuba izele sihlahla, currant, icherry, Weeks, uHazel.

Karst imigodi Ichalkovsky boron

imingxuma Karst ukugcwalisa inxalenye enkulu kulo myezo. Xa uninzi lwabo Obumbe edikeni, yaye ezinye nomqolomba yonke. Bade babe amagama abo kunye indlela nyathela. Owokuqala ingabonwa ice mqolomba. Kuye amagumbi amabini, ubushushu lingaphumi ngasentla -3˚ C, nkqu ehlotyeni. ice nemvano kwaye ayithethi zinyibilike. A seemitha ezimakhulu ukusuka Ice yi Startseva emhadini kokuba GROTTO ezintathu. Ngokutsho legend, kwakuhlala yedwa. Hayi kude zokuhlala kwabo apho Akanalo Umqolomba kunye GROTTO kunye edikeni amanzi ngumkhenkce. Kucacile kangangokuba emdeni amanzi isiqingatha-wayibona akunakwenzeka. Kodwa ke indawo ozithandayo loqeqesho climbers - Kuleva emhadini - igcina ilejendi siya malunga izidumbu-mthetho kunye ukuzibulala, leyo aphoswa kuyo.

Ukufikelela kwi-myezo ezisimahla, ngoko kunandipha ubuhle bendalo yaye akuyi kuba nzima loo mhlaba. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo - musa ukuphazamisa imo, ukho kuzo zonke iindawo ezikhuselweyo.

kummandla Nizhny Novgorod. oovimba

Hayi nje loovimba zingentla indawo eyayidume Nizhny Novgorod kunye mmandla yayo. Malunga 28 zolondolozo, iindawo zolondolozo lwendalo kunye yimbali, 102 lesikhumbuzo yendalo ibandakanya ummandla Nizhny Novgorod. Oovimba babe iimeko ezahlukeneyo yokuqeshwa kunye nezinga lokunyamezela kubo. Ngoko ke, Rdeysky State Nature Reserve yamiselwa ukuba isifundo amadobo sphagnum. Ukugcina echibini ihlathi entsonkothileyo le Valdai Hills wadalwa Valdai National Park. Ukwenza izikhumbuzo ezinjalo zolondolozo lwendalo kummandla Nizhny Novgorod njengoko Lake Vadskoe (Mordovian) kunye Svetloyar.

Amachibi njengoko ezikhumbuzo zendalo hayi kuphela

Vadskoe chibi abunjwe imithombo karst kwaye imi emlonyeni emlanjeni Vadok. Eli chibi igcwele kakhulu utyani nokhula, kodwa loo nto inokumthintela basekwezo indawo omalunga 56 eka kwaye iqhube isanda. Ichibi lisebenza njengendawo fun for abathandi diving. Abaninzi babo bazama ukufumana esangweni lomqolomba ebahleleyo apho amanzi aqukuqela singene echibini.

Enye uzuko lilenga Svetloyar echibini. Ngokutsho legend, kwakukho Kitezh-Grad, ngoxa ngokuhlaselwa Tatar aweza mongolkoy waya phantsi kwamanzi. Le ndawo yindawo lokuphambukela abalandeli sokholo Orthodox. Ukongezelela Svetloyar rhoqo senzeko phaku etsala ngakumbi yaye izazinzulu ezivela kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zenzululwazi. Nazi iindawo ezinjalo unique iye kummandla Nizhny Novgorod. Namafa ayakhuselwa kunye neenkqubo zengingqi, urhulumente nokazwelonke.