Ra-32 (ntaka). Iimpawu neefoto

Bayahlelwa ntaka kwi USSR umdla kuba, nangona isiqalo ezimbalwa kunyuswe yemveliso, impumelelo, nabayili Soviet benze omkhulu. Oogunyaziwe design ezimbini, Mil kunye Kamov, wabonisa ukuba ihlabathi ithuba zobugcisa Aviation Soviet. Umzekelo impumelelo iinjineli Soviet unako ukukhonza njengoko Ka-32-ntaka, ngeendlela ezininzi ngaphambi kwexesha.

Kamov kunye nesimbo sakhe

Ngenxa yokuba moya mveliso uvavanyo, eye nto esithi inani uninitiated 290, wadala ngowe-1948, KB, kunye nathi malovyrazitelnoe kuthiwa «№ 5". Akukho nto ayimangalisi kuzo zonke ezi indices ayikho kwiminyaka Stalin kunye namashishini ezingabalulekanga ukuba zihlelwe, yaye emva koko, njengoko kwaba kamva, wakha gyroplanes, phantse ulibele moya kule mihla. amabutho ngexesha kutshanje otgremevshego World've wasebenzisa rotorcraft, ntaka, ayikho banzi kakhulu, kodwa luya kuba lukwanele IV Stalin waqonda amathuba uhlobo olutsha izixhobo ezibhabhayo. Aviation "nguyise weentlanga" wabathanda, zaba phantsi kolawulo lwakhe qwa. Khokela i Bureau wayalela NI Kamov ngo-1940 ubani akwazi ukuba bayile kwaye nokwakha A-7, le autogyro.

Zisuka nje, KB iseke isimbo yaso, apho ntaka Kamov kulula namhlanje. osemqoka zazo eziphambili sigqibe uyilo yafakwa apho rotors ezimbini zijikeleziswe oppositely efanayo uhlawula torque. Lokuqondisa nenjini kule meko akufuneki.

umphefumlo ulwandle

Ayizizo zonke ntaka iyakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi elwandle. Kakade ke, akukho sithetha thina malunga sibhabhe ngapha komgca oselunxwemeni kunye wokusekela inkcazo elikumgangatho emhlabeni, nokuba umatshini inkonzo kwiimeko emkhombeni, wema phezu kwiqonga evulekileyo (aft) bakhonza iimfuno ezikhoyo zokuhlola nokulumkisa Naval Command. kwimimiselo yobuchwepheshe kule meko kakhulu nzima, zokutshiza amanzi amtyuba exposure enkulu esesibhakabhakeni kunokuchaphazela ngokungalunganga ukusebenza iindlela, amacandelo kunye neendibano. ESoviet imfundiso lempi ukuba novalo emva kwexesha ngokubhekiselele imisebenzi kunokwenzeka yolwandle baphantsi kuphuhliso, ngoko ke Kamov bureau ukususela ekuqalweni kwayo, wasebenza kumacala amabini. Okokuqala, lo matshini ephuhliswe apha kufuneka alungele ukusetyenziswa abathwali moya. Okwesibini, injongo yabo, ngenxa yokungaqiniseki ezintle elizayo, ngokubanzi kulindeleke, oko kukuthi emininzi. Ezi mfuno ziyangqinelana kwi Ka-8, Ka-15, Ka-25, Ka-26 kwaye ingakumbi Ka-32 - i-ntaka, le iingcali zolwandle,-mlilo, abakhi, installers, kunye nezinye abasebenzi uxolo ifanelekileyo, ukusebenza kwiimeko ezinzima, kuquka kwimozulu ulophu, ukususela ezinezinga ezibandayo le ndawo.

Njengoko of antisubmarine enze uxolo imoto?

Njengoko kudla ngokwenzeka, kunye nathi, imoto ekuqaleni wadalwa ukuze zilwe. Abaxhamla kule ndlela kuxhomekeke kwinto yokuba umsebenzi ephambili yophuhliso eninzi oluqhutywa phaya ngeendleko mali zokhuselo, waye mkhulu kwi-USSR. Sokuguqulwa-moya igqityiwe, Kakade ke, kufuneka benze utshintsho kwezinye kule projekthi, kodwa iindleko azikho omkhulu ukudala umatshini yonke. Umfuziselo basic yaba sikhephe anti-inkwili Ka-27, R & D yaqala ngo-1969, ngenxa yabo yaba Ka-32 ntaka nakanjani civil kunye ngoxolo. I-injini enamandla kunye nenkqubo ngempumelelo ukuvumela ukuba ukuqhelana ezahlukeneyo zeemfuno ezingxamisekileyo loqoqosho lwesizwe. Ngokwemigaqo yokusebenza, ukuthembeka kunye nezakhono zobugcisa noontanga zehlabathi, ukuba akunjalo.

device

imifuziselo Traditional for plane ezimbini Kamov scheme yafakwa ubuye ezifanele ukuba Ka-32. Le ntaka Kulula ukulawula, iinjini yegesi (ababini kubo) kwi-2200 enjini njengelifa ukusuka 'idabi wokugqibela ", kwakunye yabe inkqubo lomnyango obandayo, ebavumela ukuba phinda ukunciphisa iseyile kwimeko yesaqhwithi kunye nokunciphisa umthamo ahlala. iingcango abathathu crew zokuboleka quick kwizihlalo zabo baza lula kulayishwa kunye nokothula. Kwisisu semoto iquka izixhaso ezine, ukuze abe eqiniselweendlwini, apho iisilinda ezikhethekileyo uthabathe amanzi xa kukho imfuneko. Sex Ka-32 iye izixhobo mooring ukukhusela ubunzima umthwalo ukuya kwiitoni ngaphakathi gumbi imithwalo. Ngokubanzi, noomatshini abaninzi Kamov Design Bureau, le nkqubo ikuvumela ukuba usebenzise zonke i indawo luncedo emva-moya ukuya kwicandelo umsila kwaye ngezantsi mveliso.

Yini Ka-32?

Ukuze iingcali ukundiza ndandingasakulindelanga amathuba ukuba unalo elincinane Ka-32. Iimpawu isimanga, xa ubude fuselage phezu nje-12 eemitha, ilungelana ngokulula ukulayisha ubunzima lingaphezu 3.7 tonnes. Xa usebenzisa olu khetho ukunqunyanyiswa benkangeleko kunyuka ukuya kwiitoni-5. Lo matshini kuphakamisa phantse kangangoko yokuziphatha ngokwayo enesantya nkqo ye-15 m / s. Sinikezele impahla kuyo nayiphi na indawo kumgama owela ngaphakathi kwama-km 900. umthamo AL - 16. Speed omnye ibonakale, "into nje" amancinci 230 ingami ne-260 km / h eliphezulu, kodwa emva kokuba onke, ndadala yunithi kungekhona imidyarho, nkqu uguqulelo antisubmarine yokuqala wamajoni Ka-27 yenzelwe ukubhaqa ngwenya, nto leyo endinga indlela deliberateness ethile . Kodwa iimitha 6000 yophahla inika ukhuseleko, nkqu Kwimeko apho kukho iingxaki yemozulu embi.

iinguqulelo

Lo matshini waba yimpumelelo kangangokuba iye isetyenziswe kumacandelo ezininzi loqoqosho lwesizwe USSR ngokunjalo nakwihlabathi ngokubanzi. imisebenzi Ka-32 bakwazi ukucombulula ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ekuqaleni, le ntaka waqala ukwakha iinguqulelo ezimbini ezisisiseko, izithuthi (Ka-32T) kunye yenzelwe ukusetyenziswa iimpahla kwizithuthi lokuloba kunye polar (Ka-32S). Ukuguqulwa lothutho ngokulula zitshintshwe zibe indiza "ambulensi 'ukuba kule ndlwana yabonelelwa ithuba ukufaka izihlalo ezilishumi okanye stretchers ezine owenzakeleyo kwaye ufumane uguqulelo ambulensi ngokupheleleyo.

Ka-32S yenzelwe ice kwesimo kunye ikharavani inkonzo, olukhokelwa icebreaker kwi ezinezinga polar, oko kuqatyeliswa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ufoto lwasemoyeni navigation.

Enye yenzelwe "nendwe flying" esekelwe Ka-32. MoE unomdla ekukwazini kumatshini ukuze uphakamise le sokutsala into ngentambo kwi ezahlukeneyo izifundo, uze wenze njalo kakuhle kakhulu. intambo sokutsala into ngentambo, ufakwe isidambisi okhethekileyo, inika isimo sengqondo nenkathalo ukuba yonke into wayinikela ecaleni kumatshini, yaye oku kunokuba kunye nabantu.

I Ka-32, ukulwa umlilo version

Ton payload inokuba ulwelo. Imfuneko nomatshini ukucima imililo kwilizwe lethu, ingakumbi xa ucinga isiqhelo ukwanda ekwakheni multi-esinemigangatho. Ukongeza amanzi engenanto kwi kwitanki ekhethekileyo, wawuxhoma endaweni umthwalo okanye umkhweli cabin, ungalayisha ulwelo okhethekileyo ugwebu ezenzelwe ukudala izithintelo umlilo. Ukongeza, umatshini unalo ithuba ukuthutha abantu ekuthinjweni somlilo.

Ka-32 ukuba kwamanye amazwe

Uyilo ngempumelelo umatshini kuxhaswa yi impumelelo apho Uthanda kwi ibonisa umoya ehlabathini, nto leyo kuboniswe waza wabonisa ntaka Ka-32. Photo rotorcraft ne South Korea, Canadian, amanqaku Malaysian okanye Swiss woluvo ubhaqo musa isothuse nabani. Eyona njongo yale ndlela esikolweni yokwakha moya eSoviet kwaye Russian kuye bebefudula ukuthembeka, lula ukusebenza kunye lula lokuqeqesha abaqhubi amazwe.

Ukulungiswa kunye yotshintsho enokuba nalo le moto liphezulu, kunokwenzeka ukufaka i avionics ezininzi mihla njengoko efumaneka, ukubonelela i-Ka-32 yobomi elide ezulwini.