Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba ukunyanga i-HIV? abosuleleke HIV-HIV,

Kuba abantu abaninzi abane-HIV-isifo efumanise ezimasayo uyayivungamela. Bambalwa abantu abaziyo ukuba abantu kule iwonga ungaqhubeka ukuphila ubomi bexakekile nakuba iminyaka engamashumi amaninzi.

efumanise igciwane

Ngokobalo manani ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sesigidi sabantu eRashiya abasulelweyo yintsholongwane i-human immunodeficiency virus. Ke, phezu kuqikelelo oogqirha, inani lokwenyani 4 ngaphezulu. Ngapha koko, asingabo bonke abantu abane-HIV abazazi ubume babo.

Iminyaka emininzi, le ntsholongwane akuthethi ukuzibonakalisa. Kwezinye iimeko, iingxaki zempilo kwenzeka kuphela emva kweminyaka eli-15 emva kokuba usulelo. Ngaphambi koko, umntu unokungayiqapheli ukuba iyagula. Fumanisa ukuba unayo intsholongwane, uvavanyo elula HIV. It zingafakwa nangayiphi esibhedlele.

Uhlalutyo igazi Laboratory ivumela ukumisela ukuba ngaba isigulane kufuneka antibodies zentsholongwane. Ngenxa yoko entle, kukho isizathu sokukholelwa ukuba umntu osuleleke. A igciwane kuthetha ukuba izilwa azizange andibhaqwa. Oku kuthetha ukuba loo mntu egula. Kwakhona negative eyenzeka kwiimeko apho usuleleko lokuqala waba ixesha elincinane, uze antibodies egazini sele ungaluqalanga eziza kuphuhliswa.

Kuba ukuthembeka, oogqirha isindululo ukuphinda isifundo kwi-1, 3, iinyanga ezi-6 emva kokuba usulelo kunokwenzeka.

transmission indlela

Abaninzi boyika abantu abosulelwe-HIV, ekholelwa ukuba ningawafumana. Kodwa achole intsholongwane kwezothutho zoluntu, kwiindawo catering zoluntu, kumachibi okudada, izibhedlele, kwakungenzeki kwaphela. Kukho 3 kuphela iindlela nangokusulela kwayo;

- ukusuka kumama ogulayo umntwana ekuzalweni;

- bengena ngqo igazi;

- ngesondo ngokungakhuselekanga.

Le ndlela yokugqibela ngeli xesha na eqhelekileyo kakhulu. Kubalulekile ke ngoko ukuba banikele ingqalelo umqobo kukhulelwa ngexesha neentlobano zesini kunye namaqabane angavavanywanga. Ngqo egazini abanentsholongwane ukufumana ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zotyando non-ludlolo, iinaliti. Oku kuchaza isizathu sokuba abakhotyokiswe ezininzi - Abantu abaphila ne-HIV.

Ngaba I iyanyangeka?

Abantu abaninzi baye bafunda ukuba HIV kubonakele egazini labo, lithemba. Kodwa intsholongwane akubulali. Yena nje buthathaka kwamajoni omzimba. Phantsi iingcebiso kagqirha, unako ngokuqhelekileyo baphile ngenye iminyaka embalwa.

Fumanisa ukuba unako ukunyanga i-HIV, kuya kunceda bawo iziphumo zabo. Ukuba kwiminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo babekholelwa ukuba esi sifo, nto leyo ekugqibeleni ekhokelela ekufeni, kodwa ngoku le meko itshintshe. unyango lwangoku ungagcina kumajoni omzimba womntu. Amayeza igalelo yokuba intsholongwane akakwazi ngenkuthalo ukwanda, ngenxa imeko yabantu akuthethi mbi nangakumbi eminyaka. Ngoku ukumphilisa losuleleko HIV kukhokelela ubomi izigulane kunye ixesha efanayo naleyo yabanye abantu besempilweni.

Amaqhinga zonyango

Wonke umntu, ndakuqonda ukuba yiNTSHOLONGWANE KAGAWULAYO kufuneka uqhagamshelane neziko okhethekileyo. Kuza kuqesha amayeza kuyimfuneko, achole idosi. amayeza ezizodwa ukuvumela ukucinezela isenzo kwale ntsholongwane. Xa ukwamkelwa kwabo, akakwazi ukuhlasela iiseli enempilo.

Faka antiretrovirals abantu zekhontenti ephantsi kakhulu leukocytes T. Okwangoku, kukho iintlobo ezininzi amayeza anti-virus. Ugqirha okunyangayo HIV, ukhetha irejimeni ngokupheleleyo unyango, ijolise kwiziphumo zovavanyo nomonde. Uthomalaliso isebenzayo lubandakanya unyango ngamachiza amaqela ahlukeneyo.

Ukukhethwa amachiza

Nge unyango ngexesha kwiziko, apho echaphazelekayo unyango lwe-HIV, uya kunikwa arhente ukuba ekwaziyo bavimba enzyme wentsholongwane egazini kunye nokuthintela buphindwe yayo.

Elinye iqela amachiza anti-retroviral ngabona reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Ezi zixhobo ziquka i "Lamivudine", "TDF", "ABC", "AZT". Kwakhona ngokwahlukileyo bodwa protease inhibitors. La machiza aquka "amprenavir", "Ritonavir", "Nelfinavir", "indinavir." Oogqirha nabo ityumbe inhibitors yokungena / fusion, ezifana njengendlela "enfuvirtide".

Kukho iziyobisi ezinokuthi ngaxeshanye zibangelwa kumaqela eziliqela. imibutho Global abandakanyeka ezempilo, ukuphuhlisa irejimeni ekhethekileyo ezifanelekileyo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo. Umntu kude amayeza, uya kukwazi ukukhetha unyango yakhe. Ngoko ke, kufuneka nkqu kuba nomdla ukuba uyakwazi ukunyanga i-HIV ngokwabo. Lawula imeko yabo kunokwenzeka ukuba ugqirha onamava.

Kufuneka iqondwe into iziyobisi ezahlukahlukeneyo kunganqanda umsebenzi iintsholongwane kuphela kwinqanaba elithile lomjikelo wobomi baso. Ngoko ke, baya kuhlanganiswa. Oku kunciphisa ingozi yokuvela uxhathiso kumajelo eendaba.

Life of izigulane emva mana iintsholongwane

Abaninzi babalekele kude kubantu abaye uvavanyo lwe-HIV yaba HIV. Ngoko ke, uninzi lwezigulane ezinesifo abathandi ukuthetha ngesimo sakhe. Nto ke ayithethi kuyoyikisa njengoko kubonakala ekuqaleni, ngenxa bosulelwe yintsholongwane ngenxa yemihla ngemihla nzima.

Umntu othe wafumana le ntsholongwane egazini, kuyimfuneko ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukujongana kwiziko ezizodwa. Ngokukhawuleza uqale amayeza, kokukhona ithuba lokuba esi sifo uya nkqubela. Xa iziko yokulwa AIDS uchaza njani na unyango lwe-HIV xa usaqala. Kakade ke, nkqu amayeza ezininzi mihla ukuthintela usulelo kususwe ngokupheleleyo emzimbeni, kodwa babe buthathaka ukuze ayiyi yingozi kubomi bomntu.

Ukuba ugqirha ekunika amayeza kwaye usizobela irejimeni yonyango, oko angena kubethwa ngoyaba. Kamsinya nje nokuphunyezwa zihlabane zonke iingcebiso, ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi phantsi scheme nokubek'esweni imo yempilo uya kwenza ubomi umdla ngakumbi elide ngokwaneleyo. Ukuyibetha ngoyaba le imo anyuliweyo unyango kunye idosi kunokubangela ukuba unyango luza ingaphumeleli. Ukongeza, amachiza ndiyeke ukusebenza. Virus ungakwazi ukumelana nezifo kubo, babe izinzile.

izinto ezibalulekileyo ebomini

Abantu musa ukunikezela, wonke umntu owaziyo ukuba unako ukunyanga i-HIV. Gcina esi sifo isheke real kakhulu. Kodwa iyeza akwanelanga. abantu sifo kufuneka benze konke okusemandleni ukuze ukuthintela buthathaka kwamajoni omzimba. Ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe ekuthinteleni izifo, kuquka ingqele eqhelekileyo. Kufuneka kwakhona babe phantsi kweliso gqirha ukunyanga zonke nezigulo: iingxaki luvo, izifo ezosulelayo, ukuvela kwingxelo ezintsha, utshintsho parameters egazini.

Izigulane kufuneka iliso ukutya kwabo. Kufuneka silinganiswe, kwi mveliso kufuneka isixa esaneleyo iivithamini. Kubalulekile ukuba ayeke ukusebenzisa iziyobisi, utywala, icuba. Kwakhona, musa ukusebenzisa ukutya ukutya zilungiswe, ukuba angene iimveliso eziyingozi, ziilekese.

Useful na umsebenzi ngokomzimba. Imidlalo igalelo imikhosi kolwandle, ukuvela amandla. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abane-HIV, ngenxa yokuba basoloko maxa nobuthongo ngokugqithisileyo, kuphelelwa ngamandla. Ukongeza, izigulane rhoqo kubalulekile ukuba usele iivithamini. Izakhiwo ezinqwenelekayo ukusebenzisa kabini ngonyaka: entlakohlaza nasekwindla. Oku kuya kunceda komeleza ngakumbi umzimba awukhusele izifo.

oomama abane-HIV

Enye yeendlela bokufumana intsholongwane le ebizwa ngokuba ngendlela nkqo. Ukudluliselwa kwentsholongwane kaGawulayo ukusuka kumama isiya umntwana cishe. Ukuba umfazi okhulelweyo bafumana antibodies le ntsholongwane, kufuneka uqale ngoko nangoko unyango. Ukwamkela amachiza ezizodwa ukunceda ukunciphisa amathuba osulelo intrauterine wosana, efunekayo.

Unyango ngala machiza simiselweyo ukusuka kwiveki ye-12 yokukhulelwa. Ukongeza, ukuziswa kufuneka athathe indawo kwiziko ezizodwa. Emva kokuzalwa abantwana bafumane ukulungiselela ekhethekileyo. Kwakhona, ngokuhamba kwexesha umntwana kufuneka kufumana amachiza antiretroviral. Ukuba yenziwe ngokuchanekileyo, ngoko ke amathuba okuba umntwana baya kuba sempilweni ngokupheleleyo, yi-98%. Ekugqibeleni, ufumanise ukuba usana usulelo, kunokuba ngaphantsi kweminyaka leenyanga ezili-18. Ngeli xesha, zonke ii-antibodies koomama ngaphandle emzimbeni yomntwana.

Kodwa ukuba akunjalo, ngoko ke umbuzo wokuba kunokwenzeka ukuba ukunyanga i-HIV emntwaneni kufuneka isonjululwe kunye neengcali ze iziko lonyango ezikhethekileyo.