Nesinqanawa Turkish: inani iinqanawa, ubume kunye langoku

Xa wadutyulwa phantsi Turkish Air Force Russian Su-24 esibhakabhakeni umSiriya, fane yingozi akwenzeki kweli lizwe lethu. Impendulo yaba eyaneleyo, ubize Turkey kwiakhawunti uxolo ngoko nangoko, kodwa ayiphumelelanga imfazwe ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo - noqoqosho. Kodwa ukuba Russia wagqiba kwelokuba "saber" isixhobo, enoba oko kwakuthetha nethemba impumelelo emfazweni kumhlaba kwaye elwandle? Eli nqaku liza kuxubusha ubume Navy of eTurkey, waza wenza neempawu athelekisekayo. Ngaba kunokwenzeka izidubedube zomkhosi phakathi kwamazwe amabini? umbuzo Le iingcali ezininzi ngoku ukuxoxa.

kwempucuko

weenqanawa Turkish litshintsha ngokukhawuleza, sishiya isiqaqa ukuhlanganisana iinqanawa kumandla efanelekileyo, ekwaziyo ukuba bazibonakalise amanzi Bosporus kunye iDardanelles. Iinqanawa, ngokuba becala, amazwe kunye mihla, kodwa ngaphezulu kwaye kaninzi - ngumqondo of shipyards zayo. Lo asinguye na amandla esisiseko umkhosi Turkish, hayi inkulu, hayi izityebi, kodwa Turks ngobulumko kulawulwe zonke izibonelelo kunye ngononophelo ukwenza iimvavanyo iziqinisekiso.

abayili Good, shipyards mihla - yinto isiqinisekiso ukukwazi xa iyonke yotshintsho Navy of Turkey. Kwiminyaka ezayo liceba umyalelo Turkish ukunyusela okanye ukubuyisela uninzi lwezikhephe kunye neenqanawa. Turkish inkqubo weenqanawa maxesha senziwe ukuze ngokuthe ngcembe yaye ekugqibeleni yanika ukwaliwa kweenkqubo wenqanawa amazwe. Kakade, iiprojekthi co-operative, libambisene kunye shipyards angaphandle: inqanawa elikhokelayo ndawonye phesheya, abanye mvume kwi eTurkey. ubuchule Ekubeni yokwakha ezifunyenwe neenqanawa zokuwahlola.

Izizathu maxesha

Ishishini imikhumbi kweli lizwe yenziwe kakuhle nangoku: malunga mane shipyards mihla basebenza nje kuphela yarhwebelana yayo fleet - enkulu ngokwaneleyo, xa kuthelekiswa weenqanawa Turkish - kodwa ukwakha iinqanawa kwamanye amazwe. Xa isebe kushishino wokhuselo wabhengeza ukhuphiswano apho abaphumeleleyo baya kuba shipyards ezine kuphela, nto leyo iza kwenza phakathi kwehlabathi ukwakhiwa iinqanawa ngenxa Navy. Turkey uvakalelwa imfuneko nesinqanawa ngokomelela, njengoko ibonayo isisongelo hayi ngeenxa kuphela ilizwe labo, kodwa imida yolwandle.

uloyiko lokuqala Turkish - kuba Russia ebuyisela ngokomda, sigqithisele, kunye nakwimimandla ekufutshane osemantla izilangazelelo Turkey zikaThixo. Le ingxabano ngasezantsi, longquzulwano yimbali phakathi ngasentshona, eGrisi, yaye, ke, empuma - ngokupheleleyo zidale Iran. Kwaye kuyaziwa ukuba alithoba ekhulwini lilonke umthamo yorhwebo langaphandle le lizwe zokusebenza zothutho emanzini, sinako ukuqonda ukuba kutheni imikhumbi Turkish kufuneka bakwazi ukuzikhusela. izithuthi obomeleleyo kuqinisekisa ukhuseleko navigation kwaye iyakwazi yokubonelela zokhuseleko umda, eyenza i 8.300 kuphela unxweme kunye iziqithi zaseAegean.

isakhiwo

weenqanawa Turkish iye namhlanje abantu amahlanu anesihlanu amawaka. frigates iimpahla onogada elinethoba, yaye phakathi kwabo eJamani (Meko 200) kunye US (Oliver zobuNgozi Perry kunye Knox), corvettes ezintandathu isiFrentshi - ngundoqo komhlaba izithuthi. Kwakhona ezingamashumi amabini anesihlanu imijukujelwa kunye namacwecwe izikhephe patrol nga inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yonxweme. Mine-kakuhle iinqanawa becala ezithengwe kwakhona eFransi, Germany nase-United States.

Apha iinqanawa emanzini lixesha, kodwa nabantwana babo. Lweenqanawa ezintywilayo kodwa elinesine, kwaye bonke German. Inani leenqanawa imikhumbi Turkish, njengoko sibona, kakhulu umxhelo. Kuyo yonke le izithuthi ngoku uqhuba emgangathweni izixhobo, khangela inkqubo yolawulo kunye nezinye izixhobo yenqanawa.

izikhali

Kwixa elizayo Turkey uya kuqalisa ukuba bayile ezabo, ngaphandle koncedo amagunya asemzini. Le nkqubo empini, kunye torpedoes enzima sonar ukuze ii nkwili. Nangona ukuba uninzi lwale Ukuphuculwa Turkish waseManzini de kuxhomekeke patrnorov amazwe, ngoku endandizibeka weenqanawa Turkish ukuba abe yinkokeli kule ngingqi.

Russian fleet Sea Black akazange wazimisela umsebenzi lokukhuphisana yeetoni kunye nabamelwane basondeleyo phesheya kolwandle, kodwa ukuzalisekisa umsebenzi wayo nkqu isahlulo enye yokusebenza-qhinga ye-Russian Navy, Kojima kunye BSF ngokuqinisekileyo ukhuseleko uyakwazi kwaye zomkhosi kule yeqonga lwemisebenzi kukunika kakhulu. BSF uye iinqanawa kumphezulu yokuchithwa kwayo ezisebenza elwandle nolwandle iindawo kufuphi, umlweli zaselwandle, anti-inkwili kunye moya enomjukujelwa-ekuthwaleni, lweenqanawa ezintywilayo idizili, kwakunye njengenxalenye amabutho yonxweme.

Russian Black Sea Fleet

Aziwa ngayo izithuthi enomjukujelwa Cruiser "Moskva" (Project 1164), ifuthe kunye antiship complex "mlilo" enomjukujelwa ( "abangelwe"). Le izikhali nodibaniso olunesantya supersonic kwaye betha ithagethi ngokupheleleyo naphi kummandla Sea Black. Moya "eMoscow" function lwenza epheleleyo, njengoko complex "Fort" - phantse C-300, kunye izindululi ezinjalo - anesibhozo, ngoko, baya kunika amathandathu anesine kokoyiswa ekujoliswe ngaxeshanye. Kwaye xa "eMoscow" waqalisa ukulawula emoyeni kunxweme olusentshona yaseMeditera e Syria emva kweso siganeko Su-24 Turkish iinqwelo-moya zethu ezontathu apho wayeka ngoko nangoko nangokupheleleyo.

Eyona elinemveliso yokulwa iiyunithi BSF - amaphenyane enomjukujelwa "Sandstorm", ayinazo analogue nakwelo imikhosi ezifanayo aselwandle lwamazwe isitya Sea Black. Ukudibana unique ezi izikhephe yothuse amandla kunye uphume, nto ke leyo ebangele ukuba xa intliziyo amandla ekulweni eklasini. Likhawuleze ngokukhawuleza, kunye nezixhobo ezinamandla warn imijukujelwa anti-nqanawa, anti-moya kunye neenkqubo zokudubula ngokukhuselekileyo ukunika ukulawula ummandla emanzini uluhlu olubanzi ezi amaphenyane ngezikhali.

lweenqanawa ezintywilayo

Nemikhosi ngwenya Black Sea Russian nayo kutshanje ngathi nizalwe ngokutsha. Project 636 lweenqanawa ezintywilayo i ukungaqapheleki - "ocean black hole" ngamazwi leengcali NATO. Baya ufane ngasemva ulwandle yendalo kwaye betha iithagethi kwi kuluhlu, leyo awuvumeli utshaba ukubona, kunye umgama ungaphezulu koku ubhaqo izihlandlo eziliqela.

Kwaye kuphela lweenqanawa ezintywilayo ezintsha kule klasi kuLwandle Black ubuncinane ezine. Xa lweenqanawa ezintywilayo yale yeklasi ( "Warszawianka") izixhobo ezinamandla - iisethi ezintandathu elinesibhozo okanye ezingamashumi amabini anesine torpedoes, imigodi, kwakunye imijukujelwa iza "ukuvuleka", elonakalisileyo neethagethi emhlabeni, njengoko kubonisiwe kule imisebenzi sisiva. Ihlaziywe kwi iBlack Sea iFleet lweenqwelo yomkhosi wamanzi, izele elitsha Su-30cm, yaye zichaza iimpawu ekulweni lo matshini alisilingene ye arsenal elikhulu mazwi okuncoma. Konke oku kungentla kubonisa ukuba projections inkcaso ye Navy of Turkey neRashiya okukuthelekisa ngokucacileyo ngakwicala lethu.

Incopho "yesibini-isandla" luhlaziywe

Turkey uyazi kakuhle ukuba imeko kwimida umiswa kufuneka ziqiniswe, kodwa ngenxa yokuba kudala kwaye gqolo ukuzama ukudala wempi yakhe ngokupheleleyo, nokuba uyilo abolekwe ukusuka amaJamani, kunye nezixhobo evela abaseMelika. Kodwa Corvettes ezintsha shipyards Turkish eziqhutywayo, icwangciswe nkqu umonakalisi nje Turkish eyenziwe, kunye amathuba zenqanaba yaseYurophu okanye eMelika. Nokuba kukho intetho malunga nokwakhiwa abathwali ebikhona ntaka, njenge "Mistral".

Oko ke isimo kwicala Turkish nangoku nabo kunye nokomeleza eRashiya Black Sea Fleet ubunkokheli Turkish nto ikudika kakhulu. Ngakumbi kuba kukho sicingela ezaneleyo iqela esigquma ichibi ngokupheleleyo oLwandle Omnyama eCrimea. Wayeyixhalabele nangakumbi kakhulu zobunkokeli lizwe ukuba butho Russian ahlala kunye kuLwandle lweMeditera. Ndelelo Turkey, ngokuba kutshanje kakhulu ke kulo mmandla kunawo.

ukuba semngciphekweni

Namhlanje eTurkey sichasene phantse bonke abamelwane bayo, uSirayeli Uyekile ukwenza sizana, ingakumbi ekubeni neentlobano yelizwe neSiriya yaqala. Neengxaki ne-Russia - le meko engalindelekanga. Into kuphela ukuba Turkey ingathatha malunga eli - ukwenza abahlobo nxamnye neRashiya kunye Ukraine, kodwa intuthuzelo mntu uya kuthabatha, endaweni yokuqala - weenqanawa Turkish.

ungquzulwano Russian-Turkish liqulunqe ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, kodwa ngokukhawuleza iye kucinywa - ngaphandle njengamanyathelo ayo. Nangona kunjalo, uqikelelo iziganeko emangalisayo sele enziwe: kwiStraits yaye kuvalwe, uvimba kwizithuthi Russian kufuphi nonxweme Aram, njengoko kubonisiwe kule imisebenzi umkhosi Turkish kwi kuLwandle Marmara, yaye kamva ukonyulwa lweenqanawa ezintywilayo kwicala le Cruiser "Moskva", uye waphakamisa ngezikhondo zamehlo phakathi kwamazwe amabini phantse kuyo inani. Wena bangahlaziya ukuziphatha esandukubakho Turkish Navy, photo-inkcazelo ebanzi ngokwaneleyo.

amalungelo asemthethweni

Kufuneka kugxininiswe ukuba ezingxingongweni ukudibana Turkey akanalo ilungelo kwangethuba 1936, izivumelwano ndibano ngamazwe amaninzi, kuquka Turkey efanayo. Ulongamo phezu okubandezeleka iDardanelles kunye Bosphorus nto ayithethi ngaphandle isibhengezo yemfazwe ukuvala intshukumo azinakulawuleka bamanye amazwe.