I-neuropathy ... I-pathologies yenkqubo yesifo: imbangela, iimpawu, unyango, iziyobisi

Umzimba wethu ulawulwa yimpango. Ezi zibonakaliso zithunyelwa ngeempawu ezincinci ezivela kwingqondo ukuya nganye kwiisistim zomzimba womntu, kwaye zenza uhambo lokubuyela. Kule nto, akukho nto imangalisa kukuba izifo zeNdibano yesiZwe zikhokelela kwimiphumo emibi kakhulu kwimpilo.

Zonke iingxaki zeengxaki zeengxaki zamagqirha zamanyano zihlangene phantsi komxholo jikelele kwaye zamnika igama elithi "neuropathy". Ezi zezifo ze-NA eziphakama ngenxa yokulimala komdla ngenxa yexinzelelo okanye ukugula.

Ukwahlula

I-neuropathy isifo esinokuchaphazela iinxalenye ezahlukeneyo zomzimba womzimba womzimba. Kukho uluhlu olucacileyo lwesi sifo, indalo eqwalaselwe ngoluhlobo kunye nendawo yendawo yesifo. Ngoko, iintlobo zeengxaki zezempilo zi:

1. I-peripheral neuropathy. Esi sisifo esingabangelwa kokubili ngomonakalo kombane kunye nesinye isifo. Ichaphazela le ntsholongwane kwinkqubo ye-nervous system. Imimandla yolawulo lwendawo yile ngcebiso yezwane nezandla, kunye neenyawo kunye neentende.
2. Nexopathy. Le ntsholongwane ibonakala ngokubonakala kweempawu ezibuhlungu kumathambo kunye namathanga.
3. I-Cranial neuropathy. Le ngenye yeentlobo zezilwanyana, ezivela kukungasebenzi komnye weebini ezilishumi elinambini zeentsholongwane ze-cranial. Ngaloo ndlela, i-neuropathy ye-neuropathy ihlukaniswe ibe yincwadi ebonakalayo kunye nebonakalayo. Iintlobo zokuqala zithethwa ngomonakalo ophicothiweyo, kwaye yesibini - i-nertic optic.
4. I-neuropathy yokuzimela. Kuthethwa malunga neentsholongwane zenkqubo ye-nervous autonomic system. Kule ngxaki umsebenzi we-vestile kunye ne-peristalsis yamathumbu ahlupheka. Ichaphazela i-vegetative neuropathy ye-digestive system. Inempembelelo engalunganga kwimisipha yentliziyo.
5. Neuropathy yasekhaya. Iimpawu zolu hlobo lwesifo ziphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza, kwaye kuphela kwinxalenye enye yomzimba.
6. I-post-traumatic neuropathy. Isizathu salo kukutshatyalaliswa kwamathambo ngenxa yokunyanzeliswa ngenxa yokuvuvukala kwezicubu, iziqhekeza okanye iziqwenga ezingaqhelekanga. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukukhubazeka kukuchaphazela i-sciatic, ulnar, kunye ne-radial neerve and threatens subsequent muscle atrophy kunye nokunciphisa iingcamango.

I-post-traumatic neuropathy, kwakhona, iquka ukulungelelanisa kunye neengcinezelo-inchemic types of neuropathy. Eyokuqala kubo ibonakala njengesiphumo sokucutha imisipha okanye iigaments. Okwesibini (i-compression-ischemic neuropathy) - iinqanawa kunye neentsholongwane. Oku kwenzeka xa usebenza ngokukrazula ixesha elide okanye ukuba umntu ulele kwaye uphumla kwisimo esifanayo lonke ixesha.

Iingxaki ze-Neuropathy

Yintoni ebangela ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yokutya? Ukuphuhliswa kwezilwanyana kubangele kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo, ezizahlula zibe ngamaqela amabini. Eyokuqala kwezi zinto ziphela, kwaye okwesibini kuyafana.

Ngamanye amaxesha izimbangela ze-neuropathy zihlala emzimbeni ngokwawo. Iintsholongwane ezikhoyo kubantu zikhokelela ekutshatyalaliswa kwesinye okanye amaninzi. Ezi zizathu zibizwa ngokuba ziphela. Ezi zingaba zizifo ze-endocrine , kunye ne-autoimmune kunye ne-demyelinating.

Kuluhlu lwezinto eziqhelekileyo yilezo ezichaphazela umzimba ngaphandle. Ezi zibuhlungu, ukusuleleka kunye nokuxhatshazwa.

Izizathu ezingapheliyo

I-neuropathy inokuvela ngenxa ye-endocrine pathologies, kwoluhlu apho indawo ephambili ihlala nesifo sikashukela. Esi sifo sichaphazela kokubili ukuphela kwezigulane kunye neentonga ze-nerve ngokubanzi.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, isifo sikashukela sibangela ukungazinzi kwemida ephantsi. Ukuqala kwesi sifo kuqala ngokusondlo kwesondlo seengcambu zentliziyo. Le ntsebenzo isiphumo sesitya esincinci, esifo sikashukela kwindawo yokuqala. Ngenxa yoko, izicubu zeentloni zonakalisa ngokukhawuleza, ezikhokelela ekuphazamiseni umsebenzi wazo. I-neuropathy yamagqabi angaphantsi ibonakalisa ngendlela yokwenyuka, ukushisa okanye ubanda obubandayo. Ukongeza kwi-diabetes mellitus, le ntsholongwane ingabangela isifo se-Itenko-Cushing, izifo ze-adrenal kunye ne-thyroid.

Enye imbangela yokugcina isifo esingaxhamliyo isenokukhutshwa kwezifo. Eli liqela lezifo ezihamba kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwesithintelo se-myelin se-neural bundle. Kule meko, ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza kweempembelelo ezivela kwingqondo kuya kwelinye okanye kwelinye iqumrhu kunye nenye into iyaphazamiseka. Ukubonakala kwaloo ntsebenzo kunokwenzeka nge:

• Ukusabalalisa kunye nokuphefumula kwe-sclerosis;
• Isifo sikaDevick;
• Ukusasaza i-leukoencephalitis;
• I-encephalomyelitis echanekileyo.

Ngezi zifo, zombini iiperipal and neranial nerves zichaphazelekayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuqala kwe-neuropathy kubangela ukuba i-multiple sclerosis. Esi sifo, njengomyalo, sichaphazela ubuso, i-trigeminal okanye i- oculomotor nererves. Kule meko, kukho ukuphulwa kobuzwe obusweni, ukunyanzeliswa kweso kwaye kukho ubuthathaka kwimisipha yomzimba.

Isizathu se-neuropathy singaba nezifo ezizimele. Ngokuqhelekileyo i-Guillain-Barre syndrome, ebangela izifo zokuphefumula kunye nezisisu. Iibhaktheriya ze-Pathogenic kunye neentsholongwane zenza indlela yokuphendula ngokuzenzekelayo, kwaye umzimba uqala ukuvelisa iiseli ngokubhekisele kwiimbilini zayo. Ngenxa yoko, i-myelin okanye izakhiwo zeseli ze-neuron ziyachithwa. Kwaye kwimiba yomibini le nto ibangela ukubonakala kwentsholongwane.

Iimbangela ze-neuropathy zingabakho:

• I-rheumatoid arthritis;
• Scleroderma;
• Sjogren's syndrome;
• Granulomatosis ye-Wegener.

Iziphazamiso zentlungu zihlala zivela ngokusetyenziswa ngokugqithiseleyo kotywala, kunye nezikhundla zalo. Njengomthetho, iimpawu zesifo sibonakala njengophula umthetho. Kule meko, i-peripheral alcohol-neuropathy ivela, kubangelwa yinto yokutshatyalaliswa kwemilenze, ngokukodwa eziphantsi. Kwinqanaba lokuqala, le ntsholongwane ibonakalisa "ukukhahlela" iinyawo ngexesha lokuhamba. Kamva, intlungu kunye neengqungquthela zenzeke kwizitho.

Xa usebenzisa utywala okanye izigulane zayo, iintsholongwane zihlala zichaphazelekayo. Kwimigangatho elandelayo yesifo kukho uhlolo-mali, ubonwayo okanye ubuso be-neuropathy.

Ukuphuhliswa kwezilwanyana kungabangela i-avitaminosis. Kwaye iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-neuropathy zivela ekungabikho kweivithamini zeqela B emzimbeni, eziyimfuneko ekusebenziseni iinkqubo zesisombululo kwiisisiti zomzimba. Kule meko, kukho ukuphulwa kwe-statics kunye nobutyebi, kunye nobuthathaka bomzimba. Ukongezelela, ubuso, ukuthatha kunye neentlungu zamehlo zichaphazelekayo.

Izizathu ezifanayo

Esinye seziqendu eziqhelekileyo ekuphuhliseni i-neuropathy yilonda elibi. Ngaloo ndlela, ngesiphumo esinamandla somzimba womntu, ukunyaniseka kwentsholongwane yentsholongwane kuphazamiseka. Ngamanye amaxesha umququzelelo ongenakwenzeka unganakwenzeka ngenxa yesakhiwo se-myelin.

Isizathu sokukhubazeka sisenokudityaniswa ixesha elide le-fibre yentsholongwane, kunye ne-pinching yayo. Kule meko, eso sifo sivela ngenxa yokuphulwa kwegazi kwiindawo ezichaphazelekayo. Amava amathumba amahlunu aqala ukubulawa kwendlala kwaye ngokukhawuleza uqala ukuhlaselwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, indlela enjalo ibonakala kulabo bantu, ngenxa yeentlekele, bawela emfantwini, ixesha elide lihamba. Emva kokusindiswa, babehlala benesifo se-sciatic ne-fibular neuropathy. Kwiindawo ezinobungozi obuphezulu, kwakukho indawo engaphantsi kweyesithathu, i-shin, izandla, iinyawo, ukususela kulezi ziqumrhu zomzimba, xa ukucima okanye ukucima, ukungabikho kwegazi kubaluleke kakhulu.

I-pathology yeentsholongwane ze-cranial ivame ukubonwa ngokulimala kwentloko. Ngamanye amaxesha ukugula kukubangela ukungenelelo ngoncedo, kunye nokunyangwa okanye ukususwa kwezinyo.
Ukuvela kwe-neuropathy kuququzelelwe ngetyhefu ngamachiza, isalathisi yersimbi kunye ne-organophosphorus. Izinto ezinjalo zinefuthe ngqo le-neurotoxic. Ingozi ngakumbi kulo mzekelo:

• Mercury;
• Arsenic;
• Isoniazid;
• Iziphumo ezivela kwiPhosphate;
• Khokela.

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-neuropathy zenzeka emva kokusuleleka. Kule meko, indlela yokuphuhliswa kwezilwanyana inxulumene nomphumo onobungozi, ojika ngqo kwiimbilini ze-nerve ngeebhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane. Ngokuqhelekileyo eso sifo siphumela emva kokudluliswa kwe-diphtheria. Iinjongo ezinobungozi zibangele iipolyneuropathies, kunye neuropathies ze-oculomotor nererves. Biza isifo esilungele i-herpes virus ye-3, kunye nosulelo lwe-HIV.

Phakathi kwezimbangela ze-neuropathy ifa. Kule meko, i-pathology idluliselwa kwisizukulwana kwisizukulwana ize ivele yodwa. Njengomthetho, iinjongo kunye ne-motor neuropathies zizuze ilifa.

Iimpawu zentsholongwane

Ziziphi iimpawu ze-neuropathy? Iimpawu zesifo zihluke kakhulu kwaye zibonakaliswa ngokuxhomekeka kwindlela echaphazeleka ngayo. Ukongezelela, iimpawu ze-neuropathy zixhomekeke kuhlobo lweefayili ezenza le ntsho. Ngoko, ngokutshatyalaliswa kwemibhobho yemoto, iziphazamiso zeemoto ziqala ukuphuhlisa. Zibonakaliswa ngendlela yokuphazamiseka kwemithambo, ubuthathaka kwimisipha. Ngobunzima be-neuropathy, isigulane sikhula ukukhubazeka ngokuphuhliswa kwe-atrophy yezihlunu ezihambelanayo.

Ukuba i- fiber sensor iphukile, umntu ulahlekelwa ngumzwelo. Unemvakalelo yokunyuka, ukunyuka, njl.

Izibonakaliso zesifo somzimba se-neuropathy

Iimpawu zolu hlobo lwesifo zihluke kakhulu kwaye zixhomekeke kwingingqi echaphazelekayo. Imiqondiso ephambili ye-neuropathy yesibindi somzimba iquka:

• I-Asymmetry yobuso;
• Umlomo omile kunye nokungabi ncam;
• Ukuphulaphulwa kwesifo.

Ukubonakaliswa kwesi sifo kuqala ngeentlungu zesifo. Oku kubangele ukuphazamisa nokugubungela kwimeko yeso, indlebe, ebunzini kunye ne-cheekbone. Iimpawu ezinjalo azidluli ixesha elide, kuphela iintsuku ezi-1-2, emva koko i-neuropathy ibonisa iimpawu zayo eziphambili. Ngelo xesha, isigulane sikhalaza ngomlomo owomileyo, obangelwa yintlupheko yeengqungqungquthela ze-salivary.

Iimpawu zoxinzelelo lwezintlu zengqondo

Ukubonakaliswa kwesi sifo kukuxhomekeka kakhulu kwindawo echaphazelekayo. Iimpawu eziphambili zolu hlobo lwe-neuropathy zi:

• Buhlungu;
• Ukukhubazeka, ukumboza izihlunu zokuhlafuna;
• Ukulahlekelwa kwintlungu ngesikhumba ebusweni.

Iimpawu ze-neuropathy zesigulane se-ulnar

Kulo hlobo lwesifo, kukho ukuphazamiseka kwemvakalelo kunye nemisebenzi yemoto. Iimpawu eziphambili zeli pathologi zi:

• Uphuhliso lwezivumelwano;
• Ukungakwazi ukunciphisa nokusabalalisa iminwe, kunye nokuguqa ibrashi;
• Ukulahleka kobubele kwiminwe kunye nommandla wokuphakama kwe-pinky.

Njengokuba zininzi iintlobo ze-neuropathy, esi sifo siqala ngoluvo lwe-numbness, kunye nokukhwela. Kwaye intlungu elandelayo emva koko ifakwe kule mpawu, ukuphoqa umntu ukuba abambe isandla sakhe kwindawo egobileyo. Emva koko, izihlunu zesandla zithintekile. Isigulane asikwazi ukugcina isikhwama, uthathe i-kettle ngesandla, njl. I-neuropathy yexesha elide ikhokelela ekuphuhlisweni kwesivumelwano, kuboniswe ngokukhawulelana okuqhubekayo kokuhamba ngokubambisana.

Unyango

Unokuhlangabezana njani nesifo eso njenge-neuropathy? Unyango lwezilwanyana luqala ngokupheliswa kweengcinezelo. Ngokomzekelo, ikhosi yonyango yezifo ezithathelwanayo, isifo sikashukela, i-avitaminosis, njl. Oku kuya kuphucula kakhulu imeko yesigulane. Xa unyango lwe-neuropathy, i-anti-depressants kunye ne-opiates, amayeza ashushu kunye ne-anticon-stisants asetyenziswa. Uludwe lwezilwanyana zonyango luninzi kwaye luxhomekeka kwiimpawu zesifo.

Ngokuqhelekileyo i-neuropathy ihamba kunye neengxaki. Ziyabonakala, ngokomthetho, ngendlela yokuhlaselwa ngezihlandlo. Ukuqeda le mpawu, izidakamizwa ze-anticonbulsant zichazwe. Uluhlu lwazo luyamangalisa, kodwa olusetyenziswa kakhulu lulona:

• ICarbamazepine.
• "Gabintin".
• "Ukugxeka".
• Finpepsin.
• Tebantin.

I-anticonvulsant ebizwa ngokuqhelekileyo yiCarbamazepine. Iingxoxo zeli remedy nazo zithengiswa kuma-pharmacy aseRussia. Isiza esisebenzayo kakhulu "iCarbamazepine" sibonakalisa i-neuralgia yeentsimbi zentathu, ekuthintela ukuba kwenzeke ukuhlaselwa okubuhlungu. Mnikezele kwi-neuralgia yangaphambili, emva kwe-paresthesia emva kokuphazamiseka kunye nentambo yomqolo omile.

Ngaba isilwanyana "Carbamazepine" sifana: "Actinerval" kunye ne "Stazepin", "Septol" kunye ne "Apo-Carbamazepine", "uCarbapine" kunye ne "Storilat", "iTegretol" kunye ne "Epial", njl.

Physiotherapy

Ukubuyiselwa kwemisebenzi yentsholongwane yentsholongwane kwisigaba esingasebenziyo sesi sifo sonyulwa:

• Ukuhlawula;
• Reflexotherapy;
• Electrophoresis;
• Hydrotherapy;
• Unyango lwegnetic.

Ikhosi ye-physiotherapy kufuneka ibe yinkqubo ye-7 ukuya kwe-10.