Ndiyanixelela - kuthetha ntoni? Ukuba alahle isivumelwano, isivumelwano, isigqibo - yintoni na le nkqubo?

Okwangoku, ixesha ubunzima, "bhekisa 'isenzi siya kuva into eninzi kwaye kaninzi. Ngamanye amaxesha nge uphawu lombuzo (? Oko kukuthi), kodwa kwakhona ukuba inkoliso - kunye indawo lwesikhuzo (Yenziwa ngoko nangoko!) Noko ke, ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuthatha inyathelo isigqibo, iyavakala ukuqonda ukuba kuthetha ntoni ukuba alahle?

Yintoni yokulahlwa?

Igama elithi "sisiqalekiso" (kwesiqalekiso) sisuka dénoncer French (ukunqumamisa, ndivakalisa) kuthetha ukungaphumeleli ukuthobela Isivumelwano samazwe ngamazwe kwamaqela. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba alahle isigqibo, isivumelwano - nje kuthetha ukuba bayeke isenzo sabo.

Noko ke, xa kusenziwa, ukurhoxiswa okunjalo yesivumelwano - akuyona elula inkqubo oko kunokubonakala kunzima. Kwaye ngenxa yezizathu eziliqela. Omnye kubo - kukho izivumelwano musa ukuvumela ukulahlwa. Ezinjalo, umzekelo, aba Geneva Iindibano ka -1949. Esi sivumelwano kumazwe ngamazwe, umsebenzi ophambili - ekunyamekeleni kwabo amaxhoba ungquzulwano. Njengoko isiseko jikelele nomthetho wobulungisa iindibano ifuna amaqela kwingxabano axhobileyo ukwahlula phakathi abahlali kunye nxaxheba ngqo ubudlova, ukukhusela abahlali kunye izinto zokunxiba. Kwaye, kubalulekile! Kokugxeka (ntonye - break), ezi zivumelwano ngexesha lemfazwe akunakwenzeka. Isizathu, ndiyacinga, izicacele.

Ezinye iimpawu ukulahla

Ngoko ke, ndiyanixelela - yintoni ntoni oko? Yokulahlwa isivumelwano samazwe wahlukile ukusuka nayiphi na enye indlela yokuphelisa nakukuba ilungelo kwesiqalekiso kucacisiwe kokubhaliweyo xwebhu. Ngoko ke, mayingabi sakhululwa ingqalelo uthanda kwesivumelwano - phezu koko, oko kakhulu zendalo kunye nendlela esivakalayo zokuchithwa sayo, wabeka isiseko kwisivumelwano ngamaqela izivumelwano! Olu xwebhu ngokuqhelekileyo umyalelo kwaye kunokwenzeka kwaziswa (ecaleni umz, yokulumkisa kwangethuba ezichaseneyo) emiselweyo. Nakuphi na ukwaphulwa kwale nkqubo iya walisila umngeni mhaka kwaziswa.

On eyeka yezizwe ngezizwe

Ukungakwazi ukuyidubula loo sivumelwano, Kakade ke, oku akuthethi ukuba ukusirhoxisa ngokupheleleyo. Kukho nenye, okuhambelana ngokupheleleyo ezisemthethweni nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe umendo - ukurhoxiswa: urhulumente ukuba aphelise unilaterally isivumelwano mazwe ubavalele. Kodwa umgaqo-nkqubo wayo imfuno amabala engundoqo yezopolitiko kunye ezisemthethweni nazo. Abo kungabalelwa ukuba akakwazi ukuthobela, zokuqhawula lomthetho, alikho semthethweni elo isivumelwano, ukutshintsha izinto kwiimeko hundzeke entolongweni yakhe. ezivakalayo ekucinyweni ikhontrakthi inokuba kophulwa umthetho iqela nkomoni. Kwiimeko ezizodwa kakhulu, kukho esemthethweni ithathwa ukurhoxiswa kwezivumelwano, xa babeza ababengaphambi yenkokheli yangoku karhulumente. Le nkqubo ilapha ngasentla kufuneka uthathe indawo ngokungqinelana kunye nendlela esekwe ngamazwe, kuquka kwangaphambili isaziso onke amaqela kwisivumelwano.

Kuba ongenamava umntu umahluko omkhulu ngokoMthetho ngasentla akukho. Ukubhangisa, bhekisa - yintoni ntoni oko? Yaye isibakala sokuba eli isivumelwano ayisekho, kodwa ekugqibeleni na ingongoma? Igqwetha ezilungileyo ngale ndlela hayi zange avume. Ngenxa yokuba bokuqonda yomthetho (ingakumbi ngamazwe) akukho zochuku: ebalulekileyo kunye nesigama, kunye nokuthobela naziphi ngokusemthethweni.

Okuthile eCrimea

"Xelani eCrimea!" - akunjalo kungekudala kwixesha elidlulileyo , nale iye kakhulu zithandwa kwimidiya kwaye amazwi abapolitiki Russian. Iyintoni na intsingiselo yalo umnxeba?

A bit ngembali mba. ESoviet Union, 1954. Ekusuhi umhla engalibalekiyo - isikhumbuzo sama- 300 ka begazi ka-Russia, Ukraine. Ndifuna isenzo ze eqaqambileyo, engumqondiso ubuhlobo yanaphakade iintlanga emaqandeni. Acinga, wabulawa kwimo ingqibo Elawulayo ePhakamileyo yiSoviet ngokufuduswa kummandla iCrimea ka Ukraine. Esi sigqibo siya kupapashwa kumaphepha-ndaba kazwelonke ngexesha isikhumbuzo, kwaye kukho imbono: The voluntarist Khrushchev (ngelo xesha - intloko ngurhulumente waseSoviet) wanika eCrimea ku Ukraine!

Kakade ke, asizizo zonke oku yeSigqibo waqonda nixhamle ukuba abaninzi Khrushchev wabalahla ngokungeyomfuneko isipho onesisa. Ingaba abanye abantu babe nomnqweno ukubuyisela ubulungisa - ukukhetha eCrimea evela Ukraine ( "kuziqalekisa"). Ukuba ke Ixesha eSoviet Union lo mbuzo ngenxa yezizathu ezicacileyo, lingaphumi, emva kokutshatyalaliswa kwayo ingcamango ukubuya eCrimea Russia uqala ukuba bagqwese kancinane kwinginginya yabantu.

A nombono ezahlukileyo nengxaki

Yenza esasibizwa ngokwenene ukuba ilula, isenzo entle Khrushchev kaThixo ngenxa, ulilahle ihlabathi? Abantu uvale kwinkokeli, imbono eyahlukileyo ngalo mbandela. Intatheli ezaziwayo-kakuhle, unyana Khrushchev, A. Adjoubei, kudliwano-ndlebe sathetha malunga uhambo kunye noyise kwi eCrimea ngo-1953. Wathi ke senkangala eyoyikekayo kule ndawo emva kwemfazwe, kwaba nomonakalo, nakwenzeka ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo loqoqosho lwesizwe. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba Adjoubei uthi, nesigqibo sokutshintshela usingasiqithi kwabangelwa umnqweno ukugcina eli lizwe basikelelwe, nokuphefumla ubomi kuwo.

Malunga yezizathu ezifanayo, kwaye ke, unyana ka-Nikita Khrushchev, Sergei. Kwakhona ingqalelo umba eCrimea phantse zobugcisa, eyenzelwe ukuqinisekisa nokubuyiselwa kunye nophuhliso ngakumbi kule ndawo. Noko ke, Khrushchev wakhankanya enye ingongoma: enyanisweni, eCrimea kwi Ukraine engamzukisanga uyise, Boris Yeltsin. Ingqiqo yalo Ukuqiqa ilula: ngo-1954, Ukraine naseRashiya baba kwakulo mo, i-USSR, ngoko ke ukutshintshwa losingasiqithi ukusuka komnye umntu iye komnye kuye iqondo elithile lokuba sesikweni. Kodwa kube sekuphelisweni izivumelwano Belovezhskaya eCrimea ungazama ukubuyela eRashiya, kodwa Yeltsin akazange akwenze oku - yiyo ke ndamnika nguye Ukraine zwe.

Kwakhona, umqondo kwesiqalekiso

Khrushchev waphawula kuyinyaniso kakhulu; ngexesha 'ukupha "ye eCrimea Russia kunye Ukraine ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko efanayo. Iyathandabuzeka into yokuba isivumelwano yabo iya kuba kwifomu yesivumelwano samazwe ngamazwe, njengoko akunakwenzeka ukuba anikele zokubhaliweyo ezinikeziweyo ithuba "buyisela emva" inkqubo umva, nithabathe iyileyo indoda "isipho". Ngoko ke, enoba indlela ezinxulumana ngayo ekufumaneni i-Peninsula "njengokuba inxenye kaRhulumente, ikhwelo 'Ukulahla eCrimea" ayikho into exabisa ukuya kwizikhundla ezifanelekileyo.

Ngenxa kweziganeko ezaziwayo-kakuhle Ukraine kunye zimvo eCrimea lizwe kwakhona njenge yingxenye Russia, yaye loo nto nayo nantoni na 'ukulahlwa'. Kuthetha ntoni oku eCrimea, okubi okanye okulungileyo, iza kuphuhlisa njani ngakumbi ubudlelwane phakathi kwabantu kunye neentlanga? Yonke le mibuzo ixesha kuphela uphendule. Noko ke, namatsha na yaxola; ngoku kuza isibheno olandelayo: "sola Isivumelwano Belovezhskoe" Kwakhona, ukuhlola le mbono, kufuneka ujonge iziganeko zembali.

Malunga Union iSivumelwano

I-Russian uBukhosi, ngowe-1917, i-Februwari Revolution, kamva Oktobha. Ilizwe ebanzi ukuwa ngobusuku, eshiya ngasemva imfumba yimiwewe (ke wabiza republic). ndlongo lwangaphandle nemfazwe yamakhaya amanwele, mzalwana obulele umzalwana, emfazweni ebomvu namhlophe, monarchists kunye anarchists - ezi ntlekele kuqhubeka iminyaka eliqela, ezibangela usizi kuphela, iintlungu kunye nomonakalo. Leentlungu kwilizwe lonke yaye bonke abahlala kuwo ongandiphikisa ixesha elide. Noko ke, apha wokugqibela yinto entle.

NgoDisemba 29, 1922 iindwendwe kwinkomfa iCongress of Amaqumrhu of Russia, Ukraine, Belarus kunye Transcaucasia basayina isivumelwano phezu ukusekwa kweManyano of Soviet Socialist. Olu xwebhu samkelwa ngoDisemba 30, 1922 - imini yaye igama umhla lokusekwa eSoviet Union, nangona amabhunga olawulo yamagunya amatsha zadalwa kamva.

Malunga isivumelwano Bialowieza

amabali edidayo Obumbe State, yonke impumelelo yakhe kunye nokusilela - lo ngumba incoko esinzulu gqitha. Ngexesha ukuwa kwayo ngo-1991, iSoviet Union kwakungekho elide ka-4 no-15 republic: free, njengoko iculwa umhobe wesizwe, kunye, njengoko kuxeliwe kuMgaqo-siseko, ilungelo self-determination ukuya ukuba kusungulwe. Kwaye esimnandi ngoDisemba 1991, 3 ephuma 4 umnyibilikisi karhulumente, Ukraine, eRashiya, Belarus (ngoko ke Transcaucasian Soviet Socialist Republic akakho), siye sagqiba ukuphumeza eli lungelo kwaye babe geqe. Famous kwasayinwa isivumelwano Belovezhskoe, kwaye eSoviet Union njengelizwe elimanyeneyo akazange. kubekho Ukulahla Union iSivumelwano.

Indlela ukuba ahlole accompli bakwazi? Oku wayeneminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi babebanga kwezopolitiko abemi abaqhelekileyo, ababhali-mbali kunye bewenza. Mhlawumbi, ngokucokisekileyo ngakumbi wabeka abanye ngo-2010 Vladimir Putin: "Ngubani na uzisole ekuweni waseUSSR, akukho intliziyo. Kwaye abo bafuna ukuyibuyisa ngohlobo olulo ngoku, akukho intloko. "

Kutheth 'ukuthini ukuba ukuyidubula loo kwisivumelwano esamkelwa kwi Bialowieza Forest? Ukuba ndibuye ndiphilise eSoviet Union, okanye yintoni? Noko ke, ukugxeka, bhekisa - akunjalo olukhohlisayo kakhulu? Ingaba bonke apho ukuze ngendlela ngokusemthethweni? Nento yokwenza (kwaye zininzi!) Ngubani akafuni ukulahlwa? kuyasebenza ntoni oku? bebonana Ukunyanzelwa, wobuzalwana uthando abadlwengulwa?

isiphelo

Ubukho ilungelo naliphi na igama, kwaye isenzi 'ukuyidubula "akukho ngaphandle. Kwaye umntu kodwa efanelekileyo ngaphambi kokuba uqale kukhona slogans bakhetha ukucinga ingcamango yakhe. Abantu ngokuchanekileyo lathi: "Ilizwi - akukho ndlunkulu ..."